US1990185A - Furnace construction - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 5, 1935. L. H. HOSBEIN FURNACE OONSTRUCTICSN Filed May 31 1932 v 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 lime/270 051782272 Feb. 5, 1935. L. H. HOSBEIN FURNACE CONSTRUCTION Filed May 193 2 Sheets-s 2 Patented Feb. 5, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 1,990,185 1 FURNACE CONSTRUCPTION Louis H. Hosbein, Glencoe, 111., assignor to M. H.

Detrick Company, Chicago,

of Illinois 111., a corporation Application May 31, 1932, Serial No. 614,341

In Germany February 1, 1932 Y 19 Claims. (Cl. 72-101) This invention relates to furnace wall construction and has to doparticularly with a wall structure of the type wherein the refractories, which constitute the portion of the wall which is exposed directly to the furnace heat, are supported on an external metallic framework.

One of the objects of the invention is the provision of a furnace wall structure which is particularly qualified for use in close association with boiler tubes or the like, or other heat-transfer surfaces, where it is desired to minimize the loss of heat by conduction through the wall and where the refractories are not subjected to extremely high temperatures.

A more general object of the, invention is the provision of an economical furnace wall structure wherein the refractories are definitely secured in place and supported on an external framework in such fashion as to relieve the refractories of heavy cumulative loading. T

Another general object is the provision of a furnace wall construction which may be assembled entirely from the outside of the furnace, and wherein refractories may be removed and replaced, in any portion of the wall, entirelyfrom the outside of the furnace and without involving the dismantling ofportions of the refractory wall other than those in which it is desired to substitute new refractories.

Another object is the provision of a framesupported furnace wall structure which may be dismantled in any of various localized portions entirely from the outside of the furnace, to affcrd access to boiler portions or other parts of the installation located within the furnace chamber, and which, upon such localized dismantling, will afford liberal access space for working upon the interiorly associated portions of the boiler or furnace apparatus.

Yet another object is the provision of an economical furnace wall structure wherein the refractory wall portion is supported sectionally-on an external framework and wherein the refractory wall portion may be built up throughout of refractories of uniform size and shape.

A further object is the provision of an improved furnace wall structure having an external sheathing, as of metal plate, which may be assembled with facility and which may 'be made up of standardized or interchangeable parts of such character as to avoid necessity for special fitting or shaping on the job, which allows a desiredlatitude as to fit. and which presents a.

finished and workmanlike appearance. Other and further objects and advantages ,tion a portion of the structure at a horizontal the invention will be pointed out or indicated hereinafter, orwill be apparent to one skilled in the art upon an understanding of the invention I or its employment in v For the purpose of aiding in explanation of the invention, I show in the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, and hereinafter describe, certain structural forms in which it may be embodied, but it is to be understood that these, and the various details and components thereof, are presented entirely for purpose of illustration, and that the examples herein shown and described are not to be interpreted in any fashion calculated to limit the appended claims short of the true and most comprehensive scope of the invention in the art. I

In said drawings,

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a partially erected portion of a furnace wall structure embodying the invention, the view being taken from the interior side of the. wall; I

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of a portion of a wall structure, the section being taken transversely of the wall;

Fig. 3 is, a perspective view ofa partly assembled portion of a furnace wall embodying the invention, the view being taken from, a position outside the wall;

Fig. 4 is a detail illustrating in sectional elevacasing-joint;

Fig. 5 is a detail illustrating in cross, or horzontal, section a portion of the structure at one of the vertical frame members or buckstays;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional detail similar to Fig. I .5 but showing a vertical frame member of larger relative size than that shown in Fig. 5; I

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional detail in which-the section is taken along the horizontal casing joint and through one of the vertical frame members;

and

8 is a perspective view of a socket member. An understanding of the nature and characteristics of the invention will be most quickly obtained from an explanationof the illustrative embodiments here presented. Referring to the particular embodiments illustrated in the drawings, let it be understood that the reference numeral 10 designates vertical frame members which are arranged in a series along the side of the furnace chamber, and located" exteriorly thereof. These are here shown as structural steel I-beams, and it is to be understood that they are supported in upright position and func- 1 ports.

of the wall structure, marginal flanges 11 directed inwardly of the wall structure, and an upwardly directed flange 11 on the upper flange 11 The length of the members 11 preferably is .such that they extend approximately from center to center of the adjacent frame members 10, and they are provided with apertures adjacent their ends through which pass the bolts 12 whereby they are secured to flanges of the members with the flanges 11 in abutment with the inwardly presented faces of the members 10. The vertical spacing of the members 11 is such as to afford liberal clearance between them for reasons hereinafter pointed out.

At intervals between vertically adjacent members 11, socket members 14 are mounted on the vertical members 10, being securedin place by bolts 15 which pass through holes punched in the flanges of the members 10. As illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, these socket members are iron cast.- ings shaped to lie against the inwardly presented surfaces of the members 10, and formed with socket portions 14 adapted to receive and retain and portions of removable anchorage bars 16. These are here shown as straight angle bars arranged with one flange in horizontal position and extending inwardly so as to rest upon the tops of the socket portions 14 and with the other flange presented downwardly and seating in the sockets. Thus the anchorage bars 16 are mounted on the frame in parallel relationship with one another and with the members 11, being securely retained in position, but removable by lifting them sufllciently to disengage their depending flanges from the sockets. Abutment members 17 are provided on the socket members 14 in such disposal that they will extend later-- ally beyond the flanges of the members 10 upon which they are mounted. These abutment members are adapted for cooperation with the casing plates, as hereinafter described, and, in locations where no socket member is required, these abutment members may be provided by employment of a, casting of the form illustrated at 18 in Fig. 1.

Mounted on each of the wall section supports 11 is a series of tile supports 19, here shown in the form of hanger brackets. These are formed of a material adapted to withstand a considerable degree of heating without loss of strength or stiffness, such as cast iron. Each has a suspension arm 19 terminating at its upper end in a hook 19 adapted to engage over the flange 11 of the member 11, and a strut portion 19 adapted to abut the lower flange 11 of the member 11, together with a bracket or ledge portion 19 adapted to occupy an approximately horizontal position when the tile support is mounted on the member has above described. At its inner end, the ledge portion 19 terminates in an upwardly directed flange or lug 19 and a downwardly extending flange or lug 19. These tile supports fractories.

1,990,185 (tion as the principal load-supporting elements of The wall refractories 20 are formed of fire clay, or other desired refractory material, and are of generally rectangular shape, and provided with transverse grooves 20 across their upper and lower ends adjacent their outer ends. The vertical spacing of the section supports 11 is such that a plurality of these refractories, positioned one on top of another, is required to span the space between the tile supports on adjacent members 11. On the tile supports 19 on each section support 11, is positioned a course of refractories 20, the respective refractories resting on the ledge portion 19 of respective tile supports, and

the lug 19 of each tile support engaging in the bottom groove 20 of the refractory with a loose fit and serving to prevent the lower end of the refractory sliding inwardly off of theledge. A tie member 21 is provided for the upper end of each refractory. These tie members are made of rigid heat resistant material, such as cast iron, each having a slender shank portion terminating at its inner end in upwardly and downwardly directed lugs or flanges 21 and having at its outer portion the downwardly directed flanges or lugs 21 spaced so as to receive between them the upper flange of the anchorage bar 16. The vertical spacing of the anchorage bars 16 is at intervals corresponding approximately with the height of the refractories, and the tie members 21 are rested at their outer portions on the anchorage bars 16 and at their inner portions on the refractories 20, with their downwardly extending lugs 21 engaging in the top grooves 209 of the refractories. Thus the respective refractories are anchored at their upper ends against inward or outward movement, the engagement of the tie lugs 21 against opposite sides of the anchorage bar serving to hold the tie member against shifting either inwardly or outwardly. a

The course of refractories which is supported on the tile supports 19 constitutes the bottom course perimposed courses of refractories are arranged and anchored in the same manner. Thus each wall section, made up of superimposed refractories, is supported by one of the section supports 11 through the medium of tile supports 19. The refractories constituting the top course of the wall section are anchored at their upper ends by engagement of the depending lugs 19 of the tile supports of the next superjacent section. The refractories of the topmost course of the section are spaced somewhat below the ledges of the superjacent tile supports, so as to afford an expansion space between the sections. This expansion space is filled with a suitable compressiblematerial, such as a mixture of asbestos and fire clay, to seal the joint and to accommodate-upward expansion of the subjacent section relative to the su-perjacent section upon heating. As many wall sections as may be required to complete the height of the wall may be constructed and assembled as above described, eacli section being thus supported independently of the subjacent section.

For the purpose of further sealing the joints between the refractories," they may be plastered exteriorly with a suitable plastic material, and

for the purpose of minimizing heat leakage by -in plastic form, slab form, or flbrous form. Such insulating covering forms an effective heat stop between the refractories and the section supports 11 and frame members 10.

For the purpose of holding the heat insulating.

material in place, if it is of fibrous or slab form.

and in order to provide a de'sired flnish for the wall structure and exterior protection for its internal elements, a sheathing is provided. This may be formed of flat metal plate sections .24, which may be uniform in dimensions, correspending in width to the space between the flanges of adjacent frame members 10 and in height approximately to the space between centers of the members 11. These sections are supported at their bottom edges on bolts 25 which are affixed to and extend outwardly from the members 11 (see Fig. 4). They are positioned between the inner flanges of adjacent frame members 10, with their inner marginal portions in abutment with the abutment members 17. They are secured in place by battens 26 which are disposed in engagement with one another end to end along the margins of the sections. The battens at the sides overlap the exterior marginal portions of the plates and the adjacent flanges of the frame members l0, and are secured to the latter by the bolts 15 which secure the members 14 and 18 in place. The battens at the top and bottom of the section overlap the marginal portions of the adjacent sections and are secured in place by the bolts 25. The side battens which span the horizontal section joints are formed with socket portions 26- to receive and retain the ends of the horizontal battens, and with housing portions 26 to acconimodatethe ends and nuts of the bolts 12.

With the setting up of the nuts on the bolts 15. the lateral margins of the plates 24 are clamped between the battens and the abutment members 1''! (and with the setting up of the nuts on the bolts 25, the top and bottom margins of the plate sections 24 are clamped between the horizontally running battens and the flanges 11* of the sectionsupports 11. 1 g

This assembly gives the structure a desirable flexibility whereby the various parts may accommodate themselves to slight changes in relative position, as incident to thermal expansion, without subjecting the plate sections or the bolts to additional stresses. At the same time, all parts are retained securely inthedesired assembled relationship. Moreover, the parts are very easily demountable, as for the removal of any particular plate section or any plurality of plate sections, for access to interior portions of the structure, and the parts are as easily replaced.

Upon the dismounting of a plate section, the

exposed insulating material may be removed, and thereupon the refractories may be removed from 'the exposed wall section. The first refractory to be removed is one of the topmost course of the section. The tile support 19 which is above said refractory and engaged in its top slot, is knocked port 11 until its depending lug 19 is clear of the selected refractory, said lug being moved into the top groove of the next adjacent refractory. Upon shifting laterally the tie member'21 which is engaged in the bottom groove of the selected refractory, and scraping out the joints around the'selected refractory, the latter may be'removed outwardly. Then the refractories which-were at either side of the removed refractory may be easily removed by shifting them laterallyinto the vacant space and withdrawing them outwardly. Subiacent refractories may be as easily removed. .When an entire course of wall section is thus'removed, the anchorage bar 16 which was at the bottom of'sai'd course may be removed as above described. By such removal of awith section and its anchorage bars, an entirely unobstructed space of very liberal size isafforded for access to apparatus inside the furnace. The parts are as easily replaced by reversal of the operations just recited.

In Fig. 8 one of the socket members 14 is shown in further detail. It will be observed that it comprises a plate portion having the socket portion reception of the attaching bolts. Above'and be-' low the inner portions of these slots are outstanding flanges 14 which are joined at their outer margins by strap portions 14". The relationship of the members 149 and 14 is such as to receive between them the head of the bolt which is inserted laterally through the slot 14'', and .to retain the head of the bolt against turning and against longitudinal displacement. In mounting this casting on one of the upright members, one of the bolts is inserted in one of the holes in the upright member. and the casting is slid lateral y on that bolt to the limit of one of the slots 14". Thelength of the slots is such that this giv'esa sufllcient clearance between the outer side of the other strapmember 14 and the other bolt hole to permit the insertion of the second bolt through the other slotl4 and through said bolt hole, whereupon the casting is slid back to a center position, thus leaving the heads of both bolts under the strap members."

T What I claim is:

bination, upright frame members, horizontal members connected to the same in vertically spaced-relationship, tile supports supported on respective horizontal members in laterally spaced relationship to one another and shiftable longi-. tudinally of said horizontal members, said tile 1. A furnace wall structure comprising, incom supports extending laterally from said horizontal members, refractory tiles resting on the: tile sup-- ports on respective horizontal members and constituting the bottom courses of respective wall sections, superimposed tiles resting on the-tiles of said bottom courses, and means removably engagin the. top and bottom portions of tiles in the difle'rent said" means being held against inward and outward movement and serving to anchor the tiles in the plane of the wall.

2. A furnace wall structure comprising, in combination, upright frame members, horizontal members attached thereto at one side thereof in I vertically spaced relationship to one another,

tile supports mounted on respective horizontal members .and extending laterally therefrom in spaced relationship to one another, lower refractory tiles resting on said tile supports and having anchoring engagement at their lower ends with said tile supports, superimposed tilesresting upon said lower tiles. anchorage bars demountably con nected to said upright members between said" horizontal members, and tie members'removably v engaged with said anchorage bars having anchoring engagement with the upper ends of said lower tiles and the lower ends of said superimposed tiles, whereby the tiles are anchored against displacement inwardly or outwardly.

3. A furnace wall structure comprising, in-

combination, upright frame members, horizon .therefrom in spaced relationship to one another,

refractory tiles resting on the tile supports. on one horizontal member and constituting the bottom course of a wall section, superimposed courses of tiles supported on the refractories of said bottom course and constituting upper courses of the wall section, the refractories of the bottom course having anchoring engagement at their lower ends with the tile suppports on which they rest, the tiles of the topmost course of the section having anchoring engagement at their upper ends with the tile supports on the superjacent horizontal member, and tie members removably engaged with said anchorage bars and having anchoring engagement with tiles in the several courses.

4. A wall structure as specified in claim 3 and wherein the tiles are provided with grooves extending transversely in their upper and lower ends and the tile supports and tie members have anchoring engagement in said grooves and are by respective tiles may be freed from shif table laterally from one tile to another, wheretheir anchorage.

5. A wall structure as specified in claim 3 and wherein the topmost course of tiles is spaced from the superjacent tile supports to accommodate upward expansion of the wall section.

6. A furnace wall structure comprising, in come bination, upright frame members, horizontal members connected thereto at one side thereof in vertically spaced relationship to each other, supports carried by the horizontal members and extending laterally therefrom away from the upright frame members, refractories carried by said supports and associated to form furnace wall sections one above another, a sheathing plate covering the area between adjacent upright frame members and between adjacent horizontal members, bolts connected to and extending outwardly from said horizontal members, and battens applied to the outer side of said plate section along its upper and lower margins and secured in place by said bolts to clamp said marginal portions of the plate section between said battens and said horizontal members; said plate section forming an external sheathing spaced from the outer surface of a wall section.

7. A furnace wall structure comprising, in combination, upright frame members disposed in spaced relationship, horizontal members connected to said upright members at one side thereof and in vertically spaced relationship to one another, supports carried by said horizontal members and extending laterally therefrom, refractories removably carried by said supports and associated to form furnace wall sections, abutment members extending laterally from said upright frame members, plate sections disposed between adjacent upright frame members with their inner marginal surface in abutment with said abutment members, bolts extending outwardly from said horizontal members between the horizontal edges of adjacent plate sections,

battens overlapping the horizontal marginal portions of adjacent plate sections and secured in clamping engagement with the outer surfaces thereof by said bolts, and battens removably se-'- cured to the upright frame members along the vertical margins of the plate sections and overlapping the latter exteriorly and serving to hold them in abutment with said abutment members; said plate sections being removable'upon dismounting of the battens.

8. A furnace wall structure comprising, in combination, upright frame members spaced apart from one another, horizontal members spaced apart vertically from one another and secured to said upright frame members, supports on certain of said horizontal members and extending inwardly therefrom, refractories carried on said supports and associated to form furnace wall sections, plate sections inserted between adjacent upright frame members and having abutment with horizontal members, and battens demountably secured to upright frame members and horizontal members along the margins of the plate sections and overlapping the latter exterioriy to retain them in position.

9. A furnace wall structure as specified in claim 8 and including also abutment members aflixed to the upright frame members and abutting inner marginal portions of the plate sections.

10. A furnace wall structure as specified in claim 8 and wherein the horizontal members are provided with outwardly directed flanges against which the plate sections abut.

11. A furnace wall structure comprising, in combination, upright frame members spaced apart laterally, horizontal members connected thereto and spaced apart vertically, a refractory furnace wall supported sectionally by said members to one side thereof, a sheathing plate covering the space bounded by two of the upright members and two of the horizontal members.

outwardly extending fastenings mounted on said members beyond the margins of said plate section, and battens retained by said fastenings in abutment with outer surface portions of the plate section and retaining it in place.

12. A furnace wall structure as specified in claim 11 and wherein the plate section rests at its lower margin on fastenings carried by one of the horizontal members.

members attached to the upright. members and extending laterally therefrom, a plate section spanning the space between the upright members and resting at its inner side against said abutment members, and demountable securing means affixed to the upright members and cooperating with said abutment members to clamp the plate section in position.

15. A furnace wall structure comprising, in

combination, upright frame members spaced apart collaterally, horizontal members secured thereto in vertically spaced relationship, supports shiftably mounted on said horizontal members and extending laterally therefrom, identical refractories arranged in courses one upon another toform furnace wall sections disposed one above another, the bottom course of each section resting on the supports on a respective horizontal member, tie members having anchoring engagement with upper and lower end portions of the refractories, and means demountably connecting said tie members to the upright members to hold them against shifting inwardly or outwardly.

16. A furnace wall structure as specified in.

claim 15 and wherein said supports and said tie members are shiftable laterally from one refractory toanother.

1'7. In a furnace wall structure, in combination, upright frame members, wall section supports carried thereby, refractories supported by said well section supports, socket members mounted on the upright members, anchorage bars removably socketed on said socket members, and tie members demountably anchored on said anchorage bars and having anchoring engagement with said refractories.

18. In a furnace wall structure having a wallsupporting frame and wall refractories spaced laterally therefrom, socket members secured to the frame, anchorage bars removably socketed on said socket members, and tie members having anchoring engagement with the anchorage bars and the refractories.

19. A furnace wall structure comprising, in combination, upright frame members, horizontal members connected to the same in vertically spaced relationship, supports arranged on respective horizontal members in spaced relationship longitudinally thereof and extending inwardly therefrom, refractories resting on the supports on' respective horizontal members and constituting the bottom courses of respective wall sections, superimposed refractories resting on the refractories of said bottom courses, tile engaging members removably engaging the top and bottom portions of refractories in the different courses, and means carried by the upright frame members and holding the tile engaging members against inward displacement, whereby to anchor the refractories in the plane of the wall.

LOUIS H. HOSBEIN.

CERTIFICATE or CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1,990,185. February s, 1935.

LOUIS H. HOSBEIN.

II is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 4, first column, lines 17 and 19, claim 3. for "refractories" read tiles; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 11th day of June, A. D. 1935.

Leslie Frazer (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents

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