US1986690A

US1986690A - Wall and joint construction

Info

Publication number: US1986690A
Application number: US672296A
Authority: US
Inventors: Thomson Peter
Original assignee: MODERN WALL CONSTRUCTION Inc
Current assignee: MODERN WALL CONSTRUCTION Inc
Priority date: 1933-05-22
Filing date: 1933-05-22
Publication date: 1935-01-01
Anticipated expiration: 1952-01-01

Description

Jan. 1, 1935.

P. THOMSON WALL AND JOINT CONSTRUCTION 5 Sheets-Sheetl Filed May 22. 1935 fz FIG. 1. M F

Ian. 1, 193.5. P. THOMSON 1,986,690

WALL AND JOINT CONSTRUCTION Filed May 22, `1933 .'5 Sheets-SheeiI 2 @WHG-LM 0, W, 9 :OG: I E@ C Q v: l

/8 i FETETThmn-LEm-L Jan. 1, 1935. P. THOMSON WALL AND JOINT CONSTRUCTION Filed May 22, 1935 3 Sheets-Sheet .3

FIG. 11.

I INVENTOR.' F EEF THDTHE E11-L ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 1, 1935 of Delaware` l vThe present invention relates to buildinigaconI-" ported on a skeleton framing which .carries .the` lo'adofthe` building, and thereby requiringuthat the Walls be vno-lieavie'r than required to. *carry their own' weight 'and `to eiciently resistfwind pressure against the `walls `which merelyserve Vto enclose the structure. l .l

A further object of the invention `.is toprovide a buildingconstruction having double walls, with means' for preventing passage of moisture to. the innerwalLf f e q A further objectpof' the iriventionis 'toil-)ronde a double wall building construction having c im*` proved means for effectivelysealing the joints 'between the outer wall units; land' whereinl the connecting members between thelinner and outer Valls; areV such as to prevent Vconveying of moisture between the walls A`Afurther object'of ythe invention is to provide a building constructionembfodying means to compensate for any expansionfand 'contraction of thestructure and maintain perfectly sealedjoints between the building units. 1

A still further object` of the inventionfresides in the method `and manner ofv constructing the outer-vvallv unit for attachmentto supporting columns' ina manner permitting slightfmovement of theunit* in any direction towcompensate `for expansion `and contraction of fthe structure.

- at. a cost considerably A furtherV object of the inventionis nto provide a building construction whereinall piping, conf duits,` etc., may be installed ina concealedf-posif tion withinthe walls, and floorsof the structure. A `still and important object of 4the inventionis to providea rbuilding constructionpermittingfrelatively large and high 4bll'llJ-lgs be#-v ing; constructed from precast 1buildingunfits Aand o o Vless than present forms of buildingconstruction's. y f AQther objects and advantagesofthe invention will be apparentfrom the followingdetailefd de` scription, taken inf connection" witli'the drawings forminglapart of this specicationandswhich j' Figure 1 isa fragmentary.verticalfsection thru a *building constructed in accordance withA this invention, the section being taken thru a window opening in the structure. f Figu e 2 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section above thewindow opening shizwnfinfig- Aure -1 and `shovvingther manner in"which`amp1e spaceisprovided for pipes, eter-H a `building unitsfor theouter wall.

o Figure 3 is a fragmentary horizontal section showing a construction at external and internal corners of the doubleA Walland the manner in which a sealed joint is formed between units of, the outer wall.

Figure 4 is anenlarged internal View taken substantially on the line 4 4 of Figure 1.

`Figure isa horizontal section on the line 5 5 ,of` Figure 4 and showing the sealing joint between two' outer wall units and themanner in which the inner' and outer walls are spaced apart by non-absorbentelements. l

Figure 6"is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section showing oneof the horizontal jointsvbetween` the outer Wall units.

the lineJT-'I of Figure 5. Figure 8 is an inside plan view of one of the Figure 9 is a `:fragmentary plan view of the outer iiange of a supporting column for the outer .wall

."Figure` 10 is an enlarged fragmentary detail section at one of the eyebolts foran outer wa unitf during casting ofthe unit.

Figure 11A is a view similar to Figure 10 showing the eye bolt having been loosenedprior to `hardening or setting of the plastic material4 vfrom which the unit is formed. A o

"Figure 12 is a fragmentary perspective View of one ofthe sealing elements for thevertical joints. f Y, `In the drawings, and wherein similar reference characters designate corresponding parts thruout the several views, the letter A designates a steel supporting framing-upon which are assembled the various building units to provide a double exterior wall embodying an outer section including outer wall unitsor slabs B-"and an' inner section including inner wall units or but slabs C. 'I'he letter D may designate the iioor` structures as a Whole, while the letter'E may designate the roofA structure.

The steel; framing A for carrying the load of ythe building embodies the columns or uprights 5 which arein the form of I beams which extend from the foundation to the roof of the structure in spaced relation along the straight wallportions. At the external corners of the building as shown `in Figure 3, built upcolumns or uprights `fixare preferably employed, While at the internal corners, built up columns or `uprights '7 arepreferably. employed. l VThe columns 6 and V'Z-may` be of `other shapes than that shown so long as the columns present suitable portions Referring now to the outer wall section of` the exterior wall, the same formed of kthe outer wall units B which are in the form of molded and reinforced slabsl preferably molded from a plastic material suchjas concrete. Referring particularly to Figure 8 showing, one of the molded units or slabs formed withr a window opening, the metallic casem'ent'window frame 11 lis embedded in the vunit during molding. In the case of doors or other openings, the framing for the opening is' placed in thevunit during molding. Embedded in each outer wall unit or slab B are vertically disposed reinforcing rods vor bars 12 which terminate short of the upper and lower edges of the units and these vertical reinforcing bars extend thru eyes 13 formed at the ends of horizontal'reinforcing rods orbars 144 which form'ties between the vertical rods. Arranged in verticallyspaced relation along each .vertical edge of the outer wallunit is a series of coupling members 15.preferably in the form of eye bolts which are embedded in the molded Amaterial and have the vertical. reinforcing bars 121 extended thru the eyesl of the bolts as clearly shown in Figures `5 and 7 and with the threaded shank portions 17 of thevboltsprojecting beyond the inner surface of the molded material. 7Referring lparticularly to Figuresv l0 and 11, Figure 10 shows the outer wall unithaving been ymolded with the coupling members or' eye bolts in place, and before 'the material has set or hardened the eye bolts are moved aboutrby grasping the projectingv end portions 17 and the eye'bolts loosened as illustrated in Figure 11 to provide an enlarged pocket 18 for the eye-bolts e whereby they are permitted to move'fractionall ture.

1yY in any direction so `as to compensate for expansion and contraction of the building struc- This manner of loosening the'eye lbolts also eliminates exact alignment of the eye bolts 'being required whenconnecting the wall units to the metal framing.

In the case of an external corner construction -as Vat the upper portion of Figure 3, the outer wall unit B is formed with an angularly offset end and thev horizontal reinforcing rods 14 are alsofoffset so that the eye at one end thereof `may receive a vertically disposed reinforcing rod.

This construction :asideffrom disposing the eye bolts in proper-position for connection tothe framing upright 6, also disposes the joint between -verticaledges of the building units in proper relation to the supporting columns to provide a sealvjoinrt as will be subsequently described.

Each vertical end vedge of the outer wall unit isfbeveled as at 20 with the beveled surfaces terminating inwardly of the outer or face surface ofthe unit.' These beveled surfaces 20' upon assembling of the outer wall units provide V- shaped pockets along the vertical edgesV ofA adjacent units having confronting'relation to fiat surfaces of the supporting columns to which the units are attached. As shown more clearly in Figure .6., the upper horizontal joint forming edges 21 of the units B are formed with a reverse or S-shaped curve having the convex portion of the curve adjacent the inner or rear face of the units, while the lower edge 22 of each unit is formed with a reverse or S-shaped curve having the convex portion of the curve adjacent the outer face of the unit whereby the convex portions of adjacent units confront concaved portions of the edges. f

Referring now to the arrangement of the steel framing A for supporting the building units, the supporting columns or

uprights

5, 6 and 7 are spaced apart` proper distances so that the vertical edges of the units B will overlap adjacent columns to which the units are connected along their vertical edges. The columns 5 for use along straight wall portions are in the form of I beams and have their outer flanges 23 provided withV vertical rows of apertures 24 as clearly shown in Figure 9 for receiving the shanks of the eyev bolts 15 whereby the wall units are secured to th columns bynuts 25 threaded upon the threaded shank portions 17. As shown in Figure 5, the vertical edges of the units B are slightly spaced apart at their outer surfaces beyond-the vV-shaped pockets formed by the bevels 20. Referring particularly to `Figure 3, the built vup column 6 for use at external corners consists of Vtwo Txbeams 2'6 and 27 having one ange of the beam 27 secured to the web or stem of the beam 26. The anges of the beam 26 are aper- .tured to receivethe 'Shanks of the eye bolts for securing the VVouter wall units to the column. The built up column 7 for use at internal corners preferably consists of a T beam 28 having its .stem or web secured to oneflange of a channel beam 29.

The vertical joints between the exterior wall units B are sealed by resilient sealing members 30 extended along the outer surfaces of the supporting columns. These sealing` members or strips 30A are formed of corl; orsome such similar material andA embody triangular-shaped wedge portions 31 from each side of the base of which extend flanges 32. The sealing members 30 have their flanges 32 apertured as at 33 to align with the apertures 24 in the supporting rcolumns and receive the'eye bolts 15. The sealing members 30 are `disposed with their flat sides engaging the flat outer anges rof the supporting columns and the wedge portion 31 engaging in the V pockets formedbetween the vertical edges of adjacent wall funits. When the wall unitsB are assembled upon the framing A, and the nuts 25 tightened, the sealing members 30 are compressed sufficient to".r make 'a tight joint and yet provide enough resiliency topermit expansion and contraction of the parts joined and still resist entrance 'of moisture tothe inner surface of the exterior wall. The vertical jointsl outwardly of the resilient sealing members 30 are closed by a suitable plastic material such as at 34 to provide a better appearing joint and act as protection to the sealing sealed by resilientsealingmembers orstrips provding perfectly sealed joints permitting slight movement due to expansion and contractiomand that' the units are/so `secured tothe supporting framing as to also compensate"` for expansion and contraction. i i

The floor structures .D preferablyfconsistof s bar joists 37` of conventional construction having s their upperand lower railssupported `uponand secured thereto as by welding,` riveting or the like to the horizontal tie members 9. C The upper side 4ofthe'bar joist 37 supports a suitable o'oring 38;

and a ceiling 39 is secured in any preferred manner totheunder side of thebar joists.

l. Tl'iehroof` structure E embodies `barjoists '37' supported at their ends upon the horizontal tie Amembers 9 and supporting a roof 40` of anyap- @proved construction and provided about its margins with an upstanding flange 41."

The inner section of'the doublezexterior wall construction is built up` of the inner wall units Aor slabs C which may beformed of a plaster com- ,positionor other suitably formed` slabssuch as` are now in general use for interior walllconstructions. The. inner units C arefprovided along` their vertical edges with openings 42 :for receiving `countersinlr screws 43 `which,inwthefcase `of the columns 5 are threaded into., tapped` openings 44 provided in the;` inner angesSgof thecolumns.

Where `partitions are `desiredas shown in Figure 5, the partition slabs 45 have averticaledgeinterfitting ina pocket formed by spacingthe sends of theiinner wallfslabs C. `1 l l i Referringy particularly to Figure 3, the T column 27 provides an internal corner for the wall units C and the stem and one flange of the column are tapped as at 46 to receive the fastening screws 43. The channel 29 of the column '7 hasfone flange and its web portion tapped as at 47 for receiving the fastening screws 43. Thus the

portions

27 and 29 of the built up columns `6 and 7 respectively, provide means for securingthe inner wall units in parallel spaced apart relation to the outer wall units. From Figures 1, 2 and 4 it will be noted that the inner wall units C merely extend from the oor 38` to the ceiling 39 and `do not traverse the space between the horizontal `tie l.members supporting the bar josts 37. i

The supporting

columns

5, 6 and 7 provide an open space between the outer and inner wall units B and C respectively, which extend from' the base to the top of the double wall structure and this space has communication between the horizontal tie members 9 with the horizontal open spaces formed between the iioor 38 and ceiling 39 by the open bar joists 37. The vertical open spaces" formed between adjacent columns of the supportj ing frame provide spaces for installation of pipes, i wires and such within the exterior walls and asuitable strainer 52 for carryingloff roof water.

This arrangement for taking care `of the roof Water. eliminates the usual extending of gutters about themargins of the roof and allows forlthe drain pipe to be concealed within the double wall. Connecting Ythe outer and inner wall unitsB and C respectively at thewindovv frame llllfisia metal casing 55 whch'aside from'closi'ng the-ver- .ticalspacebetween the wall units,also serves as 'a reinforcement for/the middle portions of the "inner and outer wall units. The outer end of the metalcasing 55 `is secured in any preferred Inanner to the frame 11, while the inner portion-,of the casing is secured by suitable fastening elements56 to `vertically dispose" angle 'uprights 58 4which may be secured to the horizontal tie membersj9. These angle' uprights` 58 have one flangef yprovided with suitably spaced tapped" openings for receiving the fastening screws 43 wherebythe inner wall units maybe secured in positifn along the vertical edges of themetal casingi 5 f Thus it will be seen 'that the outer andinner `sections of the doublewall are separated by-vthe

metallic members

5, 6,7 and 55 and that there are no connections between thewall sections which' would tend to convey moisture from the outer wall section to the inner wall section. With the jointbetweenthe outer wall units `B perfectlysealed by the sealing members 30 f and V35, `any moisture entering `the space between the outer and the inner wall units would nee'dto soak thru the material of which the outer Wall isicomposed, and since the outer wall section is separated-from theinner wall section bythe steel columns.5,16 l

secured to the framing in such manner as to provide a double wall with the sections thereof spaced apart by framing elements serving to prevent passage of moisture from one section of the wall to the other. The open air spaces between the walls also allow for a circulation of air which will dissipate moisture absorbed by the outer wall.

A novel means forproviding a perfect seal between joints of the outer wall units is also provided, as well as means for securing the outer wall units to the supporting framing in a manner to compensate for expansion and contraction of the structure without causing an opening to be formed at the joints. i

Changes in details may be made to the form of invention herein shown and described,` Without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the following claims.

I claim: l

1. A building comprisinga metal framing includin'givertical wall columns and horizontal bar joists supported in vertically spaced relation by the columns, outer wall units secured to the outer sides of the columns, inner wall units secured to the inner sides of the columns above and below the bar joists, said outer and inner wall units providing vertical air spaces thruout the height of the walls, a floor supported on the upper side of the bar joists, and a ceiling secured to the under side of the bar joists, said oor and ceiling providing horizontal air spaces having communication with the vertical air spaces at each wall of the building. e

2. A building comprising an exterior wall in- .cluding parallel spaced apart metallic uprights provided along their outer sides with vertical rows of plane openings and along their inner sides with vertical rows of tapped openings, agseries of molded outer wall units having `their vertical edges overlapping the outer side of adjacent uprights, a resilient sealing membenbetween the vertical edges of the units, fastening elements embedded injthe units along their vertical edges and having threaded shank portions for extending thru said plane openings, nuts threaded upon the threaded Vshank portions for securing lthe units to vthe'uprights, sealing means between the horizontal edges o-f superposed units, a series of `inner wall units having their vertical edges overlapping the inner sides of adjacent uprights, and threaded fasteningv elements along the vertical edges of,` the inner wall units for threading into said tapped openings.

3. A wall including in combination, parallel spaced apart I columns having apertured outer flanges, molded wall units having beveled vertical edges overlapping the outer anges of adjacent columns, a resilient sealing member for each column including a triangular rib portion engaging the beveled edges of the units andV anges engaging the column iianges andhaving apertures aligning with the apertures in the column anges, a series of bolts anchored in the units along each vertical edge portion thereof with the Shanks of the bolts extending thru the aligning apertures in .the sealing members and column anges, anda nut threaded on each of said Shanks for securing the units to the columns.

v`4:. A wall including in combination, parallel spaced apart uprights having iiat outer faces, outer Wall units having beveled vertical edges overlapping the outer faces of adjacent uprights,

a resilient sealing member disposed between the outer face of the uprights and overlapping edges of the wall units and having triangular-shaped rib portions engaged with a wedging fit by the beveled edges of the wall units, and means for separately fastening the kwall units to the uprights. Y

`5. A wall comprising in combination, parallel spaced apart uprights, outer wall units having their vertical edges overlapping adjacent uprights, a resilient sealing member between the vertical edges of the units and spaced inwardly from the outer face of the units, means for securing theunits along their vertical edges to the uprights, a resilient sealing member between the horizontal edges of superposed wall units and spaced inwardly from the outer face of the units, and a plastic ller lling the vertical and horizontal joints between the wall units outwardly of the sealing members.

6. .A wall comprising in combination, supportinguprights, moulded wall units secured at their vertical edges to the uprights and having interiitting S curved upper and lower edges, and a resilient sealing strip substantially filling the joint of said intertting edges and having its outer edge spaced inwardly of the outer face of thefunits.. '7. A building unitcomprising a moulded slab havingV beveled vertical edges with the bevels terminating inwardly of the outer face of the slab, and S curved upper and lower edges, the upper edge having its convex portion adjacent the inner face of the slab and the lower edge having its convex portion adjacent the outer face of the slab, and securing elements carried by the slab and projecting from the inner. face thereof.

' PETER. THOMSON.