US1984871A - Air cleaning and blowing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

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Dec. 18, 1934. J. H. FEDELER AIR CLEANING AND BLQWING APPARATUS Filed March 22, 192s Patented 18, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE f 1,ss4.811

am cLaANmG AND BLowmG maaarus John H. Fedeler, New York, N. Y.

appucatmn'Mai-ch z2, 192s, serial No. 263,719

s cnam. (c1. iss- 11) My invention consists of a new apparatus for cleaning and moving air. 'I'he cleaning feature consists in arresting thefgdust particles with projections upon fan blades Which-throw the dust out at right angles to the movement of the air; and the new air moving feature consists in surrounding the fan blades of a fan by a housing which will allow air thrown out centrifugally upon it, to be re-projected centripetally thereby.

Air is now principally moved by' blowers and fans. A blower is here defined as a paddle which rotates within a casing having an inlet for air near the center from which the air is propelled centrifugally to the outlet on the periphery of the casing. A fan is a propeller which propels the air-in the direction ofits shaft, and some of it centrifugally depending upon the pitch of the blades. v

The object of my invention is toprovide a fan in which air is cleaned and moved at the same time. 1

In the accompanying drawing, which is part of this specification,

Figure 1 is a section upon line l-1 o1' Figure 2'.

Figure 2 is a section upon line2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a section upon line 3-3 of Figure 2.

'I'he direction of each section is indicated by an arrow. Similar numbers indicate like parts in diiferent views of drawing.

Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 a suitable base 5 contains a reservoir for liquid and holds bearings 6 and 7 and casing 8 in alignment by bolts, or other suitable mea`ns. 'I'here is an opening 51 in this base into'which casing 8 is fitted and an opening into which pipe 21 is tted hermetically to the outside of base, so that any pressure in the reservoir can not leak out between the base and the casing, or .base 5 and pipe 21. Suitable handholes or manholes and drains may also be provided but are not shown.

Bearings 6 and '1 support shaft 3 which is driven in the direction, indicated by arrow in Figure 2,

by suitable means not shown. Bearing 6 in this case forms a part of housing 52, forming the intake which directs the air into casing 8. -Housing 52 is suitably fastened to casing 8 and thus forms a rigid part of 'base 5, bearing 6 and Vcasing 8. This housing is not essential, but shows how the fan is adaptable in a blower system in which airconduits are used. Bearing 7 is aligned rigidly with bearing 6 and is in this case only fastened to base 5. Shaft 3, which revolves in these bearings, is provided with fan blades 36 to force air through casing 8. Any suitable construction may be' employed in attaching fan blades to the shaft, but I select a pulley-shapedblock 31, keyed to the shaft ,provided with a T-shaped rim 32, one side of which projects into fan blades 36 as a means of holdingthem as shown, and the other 'side forming a ange and pocket .to guide liquid 5 to flow through holes 35 onto fan blades 36. 'Ihe other end of block 31 is provided with tapped holes adapted to secure a follower ring 33 by means of bolts 34. The outside rim of this ring has an L-shaped section 37 to it into the other lo side of fan blades, which in conjunction with the aforementioned projection on one side of the -T-shaped rim 342v opposite, clamps the fan blades to the shaft asshown by bolts 34. The fan blades 36 are preferably of sheet metal, bent around or 15 fastened to a liner 38 on its inner edge, which separates the blades the proper distance in block 31 and from which they project. Liner 38 may be grooved or provided with holes 39 to allow liquid to pass from inside of block 31 out on the blades. 20 Fan blades -36 are bent over on the forcing plane and on the side of which the air leaves, to form bead 30, a projecting pocket or scoop which catches the dust and throws it out centrifugally in what is here termed the centrifugal plane. 25 The intake edges of fan blades form the circumference of the fan which follows the contour and shape of casing 8, said intake side having a smaller radius than the discharge side of which bead 30 is a part. The fan is further distin- 30 guishable from ordinary fans in the proximity of the blades which lap each other so that each blade forces a separate lm of air,-the object of which is to force the dust of each air lm onto the liquid coated blade before it is forced through 35 the fan, the heavier than air particles being forced 4into the recess of bead 30, and slung out centrifugally into casing 8 surrounding the same.

' Oil pan 2 has a dished round surface surrounding the shaft and may be fastened to bearing 6, 4o but is in this case held by' pipes 21 and 22. Both of these pipes supply liquid to theoil pan from which it is drawn into fanblades by the force of the air as it leaks down over the edge of the pan. Pipe 22 is provided with an oil cup or supply oi' 45 liquid, and pipe 21 draws its supply from the base in which a pressure is maintained for this purpose.

Oil pan or baiiie 23 is fastened inside of the upper half of casing 8 in a suitable-manner, preferably with rivets 26.,through suitable holes in pan 23, 50 and through washers 25 and casing 8. 'I'his pan, with outer edge turned over in bead form as shown, is so shaped that it forms the least resistance to passing air and its object is to catch the drippings from the top of the casing when the fan is standing still, or when intermittently operated, to prevent the liquid from being blown out with the air. Each lower end of this pan is turned outward to form a bead 20 and pocket connected on the inside of pan with a pipe 24 for leading the liquid from the pan to the inside of rim 32 of block 31, as heretofore referred to.

Casing 8 is shaped like a cylindrical ring which encloses the air propeller and its inner contour embodies the principle of the stator vanes of a multiple stage steam turbine in which the steam leaving the rotor vanes is projected into the stator vanes in one direction and is thereby deflected back into the next rotor vane. To employ this principle to moving air the inner surface of the ring shaped casing is given the sectional contour of a vane as shown. It must be borne in mind that dust and liquids are not elastic whereas, air and gases are elastic. Liquid and dust projected against the inclined side of this vane shaped casing is stopped by any pocket or ridge in the same, whereas air or gas is deflected over such a pocket and this change of direction causes the separation of the dust and liquid from the air or gas. The air is propelled centrifugally against one side of this vane shaped casing which deects the air to follow its contour and flow in a direction inclined parallel with the axis of the air moving means or inclined axially. The casing may be suitably constructed of several parts. The part 81 is a plate overlapping the part formed by the plate 82, and the gutter 87 is'thus formed between these two overlapping elements. This gutter terminates into base 5, in which the dust is collected. Part 82 of the casing. is furtherprovided with a shield 83 on its lower edge, the object of which is to deflect air thrown off the fan blades into base 5 through opening' 84 thus formed so as to create a pressure within the same, and by tilting the blower so that the air blows upward at an angle with the horizontal plane the speed of the fan which governs the -height of the liquid forced, can be adjusted with the angle of the base to force the liquid from the base through pipe 21 into pan 2. Other means, such as a pump with a spray, may also be employed and the sole object of this is to keep the fan blades coated and cleaned with a liquid.

In operating the fan it will be observed that much air is thrown olf with the liquid and dust centrifugally, but due to their difference in speciflc gravity, the liquid and dust will be projected into gutter 87, where as the air will separate therefrom and bound back because of the curvature of the casing. In order to insure against the liquid, due to gravity and capillarity, dripping down the upper section when the fan is standing still, an extra gutter 89 is provided on part 82 in place of which a groove with a wick would serve as well.

It will be seen that the casing 8 is formed in two portions, namely, an intake portion 81 and a discharge portion 82, the gutter 87 being formed as part of the portion 81. These two portions are disposed coaxially of the shaft 3 and inclined away from the shaft meeting approximately at the gutter 81, at which place is located the largest diameter of each portion. It will also be seen that the portion 8l is inclined away from the shaft 3 in the direction in which air passes through the casing, and that the intake portion has its inner face substantially flush with the adjacent part of the intake portion so that air thrown outwardly against the inner surface of the intake portion may be caught by the discharge portion and deflected back towards the shaft 3, whereas the.

dust and other particles may pass into the gutter. The new features embodied in my method, and included in the scope of my invention, consist in increasing the number of fan blades by'which I increase the centrifugal tendency of the forced air. By adding scoops on each fan blade for dust catching purposes, I enhance this centrifugal tendency still more. The casing surrounding this fan opposes the free centrifugal action and there is therefore a slight pressure built up within the air films passing the fan, which restrains the centrifugal action in a 4measure and helps direct the flow of the air in the direction of the fan shaft, the curvature of the casing helps to redirect the centrifugal moving air centripetally, and the pressure thus created in the moving air can be adjusted to create uniformow in the direction of the shaft. A liquid coating on the blades, or on the casing,restrains the dust from following the air, but where the dust is dense could be forced through a series of machines so that the dry dust is collected first and the smaller.

and finer amount left can then be collected in a machine having blades and casing coated with liquid as described.,

What I claim as new and desire to cover by Letters Patent is:

1. An air conditioning apparatus or the like comprising a casing, an air propelling meanswithin said casing adapted to throw the air being treated centrifugally outwardly against the casing, means for supplying liquid to the air propelling means, means in said casing for receiving and collecting the liquid and solid particles in the air thus thrown outwardly, means in said casing in the path of the propelled air for deflecting the centrifugally directed air stream which has been freed from liquid and solid particles to move said air stream substantially longitudinally to the axis of the air propelling means, a part of said defiectng means being a convexed baille disposed in spaced relation to the casing concentric with the axis of the air propelling means.

2. An air conditioning apparatus or the like comprising a casing having two dished portions disposed with their largest diameters in complemental relation, a liquid reservoir upon which the casing is mounted, an air propelling means within the intake portion of the casing adapted to throw the air being treated centrifugally outwardly toward the casing portion of largest diameter, means for supplying liquidfrom said reservoir to the air propelling means, a gutter within the casing and disposed concentrically to the air propelling means for collecting the liquid and dust particles in the air being propelled throughl the casing, and a drain in said gutter for returning said liquid to the reservoir.

3. An air conditioning apparatus comprising a shaft, a plurality of outwardly extending blades secured to the shaft andA forming means to move air in a direction parallel to the shaft, the spaces between the outer edges of adjacent blades being open, means on the blades to interrupt the air in said movement and throw it outwardly through said spaces, a stationary plate disposed adjacent the periphery of said blades but spaced therefrom to intercept the air thrown from the blades, said plate being inclined away from the shaft in the direction of movement of the air, whereby solid particles in the air will continue their outward movement and separate from the .acasinghavingan uashaft disposedin between pen,

air,aguttertoreceivesaidparticlejs, posed inwardly of the gutter to from which the particles have become and means to conduct air to said blades;y "e

4. A device of the inlet and an outlet for air, the casing generally parallel tothe direction of movement of air therethrough, said shaft having a plurality of blades extending outwardly therefrom with their outer edges spaced apart and with the spaces therethe air in its movement through the casing and to throw it outwardly through said spaces, and a stationary plate on the casing disposed adjacent the outer edges of said blades but spaced therefrom and so placed as to intercept theair thrown from the blades, said plate being inclined away from the shaft in the direction of move ment ofthe air, whereby solid particles in the air thrown outwardly by said blades will continue their outward movement and separate from the ai'by movement along said inclined surface.

c their outer edges open,

` thrown from A device of the class described comprising a outwardly extending blades and having the spaces bemeans to direct air to said blades in a direction generally parallel to said shaft, said blades being vconstructed and arranged to throw said air outwardly as it passes therebetween, a stationary plate disposed ad- `lucent the outer edges of said blades but 1spaced therefrom and so placed as to intercept the air the blades, said plate being inclined away from the shaft in the direction of movement of the air, .whereby said air and particles of dust and the like carried thereby may travel away from said shaft after plate, and means adapted to separate said particles from said air. j

6. A device of the class described comprising a shaft, a plurality of outwardly extending blades secured to the shaft and having the spaces beshaft, a plurality of Secured t the Shaft tween their outer edges open, means to direct air to said blades in a direction generally parallel to said shaft, means for supplying liquid to the air before it passes to said blades, said blades being constructed and arranged to throw said air outwardly as it passes therebetween, a stationary plate disposed adjacent the outer blades but spaced therefrom and so placed as to intercept the air thrown from the blades, said plate being inclined away from the shaft in the direction of movement of the air, whereby said air and particles of dust and the like carriedy thereby may travel away from said shaft after being intercepted by said plate, and. means adapted to separate said particles from said air.

afiieviee er ine ease terne shaft tween their outer edges open, means to direct air class described comprising imeans on said blades to interrupt.

'plate back towards being intercepted by seid edges of :said

described comprising a shaft, agplurality of outwardly extending blades and having the spaces'beto said blades in a direction generally parallel to said shaft, said blades beingconstructed and arranged to throw said air outwardly as it passes therebetween, a stationary plate disposed adjacent the outer therefrom and so placed as to intercept the air away from the shaft in the direction of movement of the air, whereby said air and particles of dust and the like carried thereby may travel away from said shaft after being intercepted by said plate, means adapted to separate said particles from said air, and means to direct air striking s'aid saidshaft.

8. A device of the class described comprising a shaft, a plurality of outwardly extending blades secured to the shaft and having the spaces between their outer edgesopen, means to direct air to said blades-in a direction generally parallel tosaid shaft, blades being constructed and arranged to thro said air outwardly as it passes therebetween, a' stationary plate disposed adjacent the outer edges -of said blades but spaced therefrom. and so placed as'to intercept the air thrown from the blades, said plate being inclined away fromthe shaft in the direction of movement of the air, whereby said air and particles of dust and the like carried thereby may travel away from said shaft after being intercepted by said plate, vmeanis adapted to separate said particles from said air, means to direct air striking said plate back towards said shaft, and means to co1- lect said dust and the like separated from the air after it leaves said blades.

9. An'air conditioning apparatus or the like comprising an intake portion and a `discharge portion having av common axis and each being inclined away from said axis, with the largest diameters of said portions disposed adjacent each other and the portions of smallest diameter being disposed adjacent the opposite ends of the casing, an air propelling means disposed within the intake portion of said casing adjacent one end lthereof and adapted to throw air centrifugally outwardly against said intake portion, and means for supplying liquid to the air propelling means, the discharge portion of the casing adjacent the .intake'portion thereofl having its inner face substantially hush with the inner face of the ad edges of said blades but spaced thrown from the blades, said plate being inclined

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