US1975224A - Stoker distributor - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 2, 1934. p cox 1,975,224

I STOKER DISTRIBUTOR Filed April 26, 19:0 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVEN TOR.

A TTORNEY.

Oct. 2, 1934. J. P. cox 1,975,224

STOKER DI STRIBUTOR Filed April 2s, 1950 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jlllllllll IIIIIIIIIII I N VEN TOR.

A 1:; Jo/znP. 026

76 E- 7. M7 YATTORNEY,

65 grate together with a distributor Patented Oct. 2, '1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE STOKE-R DISTRIBUTOR John P. Cox, Evanston, Ill.,

assig'nor, by mesne 4 Claims.

This invention relates to stokers and more particularly to distributors therefor, although certain features thereof may be employed with equal advantage for other purposes.

It contemplates more especially the provisions of novel means capable of ready variation for effecting the uniform distribution of fuel over a form distribution thereover under varying re-- quirements and grate areas. Then, too, the provision of an auxiliary air supply to the fuel during the del very and over the grate thereof, is effective in improving stoker operation and combustion with increased efficiencies.

One object of the present invention is to simplify the construction and improve the operation of devices of the character mentioned.

Another object is to provide a rotary distributor 3 with blades of varying angles or inclinations.

Still another object is the provision of a rotor having a series of blades aligned thereon with varying angles of inclination determined by the distributing requirements.

A further object is to provide arotor with circumferentially spaced series of blades thereon provided with varying angles of inclination to vcorrespond with distribution requirements.

A still further object is to provide a rotor having circumferentially spaced alternate oppositely inclined series of blades thereon provided with varying angles of inclination conductive to particular requirements of distribution.

Still a further object is to provide a rotor 5 with circumferentially spaced peripheral rods in parallelism with the axis thereof for pivotally receiving interchangeable blades of varying angles in series alignment.

Other objects and advantages will appear from the following description of an illustrative embodiment of the present invention.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a plan view in section of a furnace in operative .of the fuel deposited association therewith to illustrate the teachings of the instant invention.

Figure 2 is a front view in elevation of a distributor embodying features of the present invention.

Figure 3 is a front view of a rotor constituting a part of the distributor shown in Figure 2.-

Figure 4 is similar to Figure 2 with the distributor blades of somewhat different shape and directional inclination.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of an inclined blade with a left hand distributor direction.

Figure 6 is a perspective view of a similar blade having right hand distributor direction.

Figure 7 is a side sectional view showing a structure assembled with a furnace for fuel distribution with a distributor of the type shown in Figure 4.

The structure selected for illustration comprises a furnace 10 of any suitable construction which is provided with a boiler 11 thereabove in the usual and customary manner. A grate 12 is supported at the desired elevation within the furnace 10 rearwardly of the fire door 13. Draft doors 14 admit air into the ash pit 15 for circula- 86 tion through the grate 12 to effect the combustion thereon. It must be appreciated that either a natural or forced draft system may be employed to meet the requirements of any particular installation, and for' that reason the selected embodiment should be construed merely for illustration purposes rather than as a limitation.

A fuel feeder housing 16 is, in this instance, attached to the forward wall of the frame 10 in a positionabove the fire door 13 for directing fuel 'through a passage 17 for deposition upon the grate 12 in a manner which will appear more clearly hereinafter. A fuel hopper 18 is bolted or otherwise secured to the feeder housing 16 for communication therewith to confine fuel therein for gravity discharge to the housing 16 for distribution uniformly throughout the area of the grate 12. It is necessary or at least highly desirable that the fuel be distributed from the 1 0 housing 16 over the grate 12 in a uniform layer for effective combustion over an "extended period of time so that the heat ,generation will be substantially uniform and maximum, responsive to the greatest utilization of the B. t. u. therein conducive to high efliciency.

To accomplish this end, the distributor comprises a rotor 19 having the shaft extensions 20 thereof journailed' in suitable bearings provided in the fuel feeding housing 16 which is shaped peripheral rods 22-of proximate to the passage 17 to conform with the curvature of the rotor 19 so that fuel will be discharged to the grate 12 responsive to the operation thereof. As shown, the rotor 19 is provided with circular plates 21, in this instance three, spaced a short distance from the extremities and intermediate the length thereof to support circumferentially spaced rods 22, in this instance four. Intermediate discs 23 are disposed on the rotor 19 intermediate the rod spacer discs 21 to rigidify the structure and afford maximum bending resistance for support of distributor blades 24. I

The blades 24 terminate in elongated hubs 25 which are provided with bores 26 extending axially therethrough for pivotal connection with the the rotor 19. As a result, any number of blades 24 may be arranged in successive series on the rods 22 for radial alignment thereon responsive to the influence of centrifugal force created in consequence of its rotation. Rotation of the rotor 19 may be effected at any desired speed owing to the operative connection of any suitable power source such as an electric motor (not shown) The fact that the blades 24 aremounted for free pivotal movement within a restricted circular range, renders them more Yao ' controllable by the rotary or less yielding to obstructions such as hard substances in the coal so that the blades will pass thereover. After passing the obstruction, the centrifugal urge will cause the blades to assume the proper position with the other blades- This is very desirable inthat fuel such as coal varies appreciably in size and for that reason a similar throw or displacement thereof toward the grate 12 responsive to the rotation of the distributor 19 will be efiected.

It mustbe borne in mind that the grates 12 vary in size, shape and contour in diiferent installations and types of furnaces. In conse-- quence thereof, the distributor 19 must be readily adapted to'nieet different conditions and distribution requirements to insure the feeding of substantially uniform successive layers of fuel constituting in effect a more or less constant film upon the grate 12 during continued furnace operation to effect combustion with maximum efll-- ciency. This is effected, in this instance, by providing blades 24 of varying angles of inclination so that the lanes of fuel distribution will be in' fan formation (indicated by lines 27-Figure 1) So that the entire area of the grate 12 may receive fuel in substantially equal increments to definea uniform film thereover, it has been found desirable that alternate rods 22 be provided with the blades having left and right hand inclination of varying angularity from one extreme edge to another. With the structure herein described a series of four rods 22 provides an equal number of alternate right and left hand seriesof adjacent blades 24, thereby directing the fuel in lanes of fan formation to both the sides and center of the'grate 12 to cover substantially the entire area thereof with a uniform fuel ticular installation. The thickness of the fuel film upon thegrate 12 is 7 speed of the distribu tor 19 and linear extent or frequency of reciprocation of a pusher box 28 constituting the feeding member mounted in the housing 16 for operation in a manner more particularly disclosed and described in the patent to Cotton numbered 1,436,794;

film of a thickness conducive to maximum efliciency for any parquantity of fuel and the rods 22, depends largely ing within a wide range in thatstandard grate areas are uncommon and not altogether possible. Specific blade series and found especially effective for certain grate areas and dimensions are illustrated as follows:

Blade angularity in degrees angularity variations,

case

:5; For grates 5'-o" wide x 5'-o" deep 1 RH so :40 35 35 4o 45 2 an 45 45 40 4o 35 35 30 3 an 30 so 35 35 40 4o 45 4 LE 45 45 40 4o 35 35 so For grates 5"-o" widex6'0" deep 1 12.11. so so so 35 a5 40 4o ,45 2 L. H. 45 40 4o 35. 35 so so an :1 RH. 30 30 so 35 35 40 4o- 45 4 LB, 45 40 4o 35 35 so so so- For grates 4'-0 wide x 4'43 deep 1 an. 30. a0 35 35 4o 40 2- L.H. 40 4o 35 a5 so so 05 a 11.11. so so s5 35 40 4o 4 LE. 40 4o 35 a0 so For grates 6'-0" wide x 6-0 deep 1 R. H. to so 35 35 4o 40 45 5o 2 LE. 50 45. 4o 4o 35 35 so so a an. so so 35 35 4o 40 45 .50 4 LE. 50 45 40- 4o 35 35 3o so For grates 6'-0" wide x 6'6" deep 1 LB. 50 5o 45 40 a5 35 a0 a0 2 RH. so a0 a5 35 4o 45 5o 50 a L. H. 50 50 45 4o 35 35 so .30 4 R. H. so so 35 35 4o 45 50 50 cessful for theirintended purpose.

Blade anaulafitu in degrees Rod For grates 3'43" wide x 4'-0" deep series 0-0" wide x 4-0" deep 1 R. H. so so a5 35. 40 4o 2 L. H. 35 30 30 RH 30 30 35 3 L. H. 30 30 35 35 40 40 4 L. H. 35 30 30. RH 30 30 35 For grates 6'-0 wide x 7'-0" deep 1 R. H. 30 so 35 35 4o 40 45 5o 2 L. H. 45 40 35 30 RH 30 35 40 3 L. H. 50 45 40 40 35 35 30 30 4 L. H. 45 40 35 30 RH 30 35 40 45 For grates 6'0" wide x 40" deep l L. H. 50 45 40 40 35 35 30 30 2 L. H. 50 45 40 35 RH 35 40 45 3 R. H. '30 30 35 35 40 40 45 50 4 L. H. 50 45 40 35 RH 35 40 45 proven suc- It is obvious from the above specific applica- .150

' tions of blade series with mummy variations that the number of blades in the series as well as the particular spacing-thereof is capable of wide modification to meet any particular conditions and operating requirements. The fact that the blades 24 have their hubs 25 pivotally connected to the sustaining rods 22, renders such variations very simple without entailingmuch labor or expense. Moreover, such maybe accomplished during the assembly or installation of the structure, and any unforeseen operating requirements may be provided for with an arrangement suchas described hereinbefore. The blades pref erably have lateral projections29 extending beyond the hub 25 to. overlap the adjacent blades "24 on both sides thereof to preclude the passage of fuel therebetween. V I

' To this end, the lateral extensions 29 thereof are provided with grooves 31 for -a -predetermined-extent along the side edges thereof in communication therewith to define shoulders 32. The grooves 31 are on the forward blade surface thereof oomplernental to the edge of the adjacent blades, thereby affording the reception thereof for continuous alignment defining a fuel distributor surface. In order to promote more complete combustion, secondary air tuyeres constituting perforated metallic blades 33 are provided forwardly of the grate .12 proximate to the fire door 13 to establish communication between the ash pit 15 and the combustion space. In consequence thereof, air is admitted above the fuel bend and over the grate 12 to effect more complete commingling of air with the combustion vapors as well as to impart aeration to the fuel during its passage from the distributor 19 to the grate 12 through the opening 1'1. This is conducive to more complete combustion of the fuel thereby enabling increased thermal efllciency.

certain series from a point intermediate the series towards the ends of the shaft to effect I claim: 4 n l. A fuel distributor comprising a rotorhaving a" plurality of circumferentially spaced, shafts,

said shafts each having a series of fuel diatribe uting blades thereon, the pitch of said bladesof certain series varying in selected degrees along said shaft, the blades being arranged in groups of opposite pitch and so constructed-as=to effect uniform expansive fuel distribution. i

\ 2. A fuel distributor comprising a rotor having -1 a pluarlity of circumferentially spaced shafts,

said shafts each having a series of fuel distributing blades thereon, the pitch of said blades of being opposed and varying in selective increments uniform expansive fuel distribution.

3. A fuel distributor comprising a rotor having a plurality of circumferentially spaced shafts, said shafts each having 'aseries of fuel distrib-; uting blades thereon, each of said series com-.-

prising groups of blades of uniform pitch, the

pitch of sequential groups along said shaft varying in selected increments from one end thereof,

certain common shaft series of blades on said 1110' rotor having opposite pitch to effect uniform expansive fuel distribution.

4. A fuel distributor comprising a rotor having a plurality of 'eircumferentially spaced shafts,

.said shafts each having a series of fuel distrib- 105 uting blades thereon, said series comprising groups of blades formed so that their bases and outer edges lie at an angle with respect to each other, the pitch of a certain shaft series of blades increasing from one end of the shaft to the other, 110 the adjacent circumferentially spaced shaft ha'ving a common blade series of opposite pitch to effect uniform expansive fuel distribution.

, JOHN P. COX.

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