US1972269A

US1972269A - Derrick construction

Info

Publication number: US1972269A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1934-09-04
Anticipated expiration: 1951-09-04

Description

Sept. 4, 1934.

A. w. LEWIS DERRICK CONSTRUCTION Filed Nov. 17, 1933 INl/ENToe: flew-1042 N LENA?) .1

Patented Sept. 4, 1934 972,269." DERRICK CONSTRUCTION I Lewis, La Canada; Calif.

, ApplicationNoveinberl'l', 1933, Serial No. 698,415

My invention'relates to steel derricks'of'the character employed in oil well'drilling, and'is an improvement on the invention disclosed in my; Patent No. 1,935,095 for Derrick construction I issi'ied November 14, 1933;

teel derricks as ordinarily "constructed are quite expensive. My present invention has for an object to produce a material saving in the 'c'o'st of steel derricks without" many way impairing the features found in the commaniy accepted types of construction. I -havef oun'd that byfa new method of arranging the girt'sfa'nd diagonal struts a material economy 'can"' 'be'-'* a ttaiiied in the construction of a derrickfsuchfnew arrangement of parts consisting of placing'fthe girts across pairs of'leg's of the derrick'in a manner to form vertically adjacent panels which are: substantially rectangular in form and placing the diagonal reinforcing strutaacrossfthe corners of these panels so-as fto form centrally within the panel a quadrilateral"figurehaving its diagonal axes directed vertically and la'terally. Such arrangement I have disclosed jrny "copending application above ;set forth. 26 My present inventionhas' as one of it's' p'rincipal features an arrangement of the abovelset forth reinforcing members which will; enable the forming of proper'openings or doorways at the bottom of the derrick and yet maintain a structural continuity. For example, it is -(:uston ri'eu'y to employ in conjunction with the derrick' a walking beam and associated equipment which extend through a relativelyhigh doorway at one side ofthe structure and rotarydraw work's equipment mounted in a doorway or opening of lessheight formed in an adjacent side'of the derrick. My present invention involves the vertical offsetting of I the panels in one side ofthe derrick relative to the panels in the other side of the derrick in such a manner that ample and economical reinforcement of thederrick is maintained due to the characteristic manner in which the girts, struts, and legs of the" derrick are tied together, thereby enabling the'forming of. doorways of different heights in adjacent sides of, the derrick in a very simple manner. 1 Q1 Further objects and advantages of the -inven tion will be brought out in the following part of the specification.

Referring to the drawing,.which isfor illustrative purposes'only, g 2 Fig. 1 is-a perspective; view;looking;.toward one corner of a derrick made-in accordance with myinventionp a; 5- T" Fig; 2 is a view' looking toward the diagonally iopposite'corner of the'derrick.

Fig. 3 isan enlarged fragmentaryviewshowing a mannerof connecting the upper'and lower ends of the diagonalstrut members to intermediate-portions of girts; v Fig. 4 is a fragmentaryperspective view showingithe interconnection? of a leg, the end of a girt, and the lateral ends of diagonal strut members. I

Inview of the fact that methods of attaching structural membersarei well known to thearts, parts of a derrick are illustrated in Figs. 1 and2 Joy single lines. The derrick shown for illustrating a preferred embodiment of my invention has 'the general form adopted for oil well drilling practice'and comprises-four

legs

10, 11, 12; and 13 mouhtedori a'rectangular base 14 and converging upwardly so as to define a space or central shaft portion which is essentially vertical and is of rectangular .cross section. As shown in Fig. 4, each of the legs may be made from a pair of angle members 15 'suitably secured together by means 7 of bolts 16 or rivets and in such a manner that the legs 17 ther'eofiliel in adjacent vertical lanes of the derrick sidesp 'lhe legstll and 12, asshown :in Fig.- 1-; may "for-the'purpose: of explanation be said to d'efinea 'front side'18 of the derrick; the legs wand 13, as shown in Fig.2, therear side 20 of the derrick; the legs 10 and 1-1, as shown in Fig. 1, a lateral side 21 of the derrick; and the legsal2tarid13, as shown' in 2, the remaining lateral'side 22 of the derrick. Also, for the purposerofexplanation the front side 18 and the lateral side 21 of the derrick may be considered :corelatively primary and secondary sides, and the sides 20. and 22 of Fig. 2 may bealso considered Iprimaryl'and secondary sides. In fact, it will be later perceived from the explanation that any two adjacent sides may beproperly considered to be in primary and secondary-relation. v

Referring "to Fig.1, laterally directed girts-24 are in: verticallyspaced relation extended I across the primary or front side 18 of the derrick, the ends of these girts being connected to the

legs

11 and 12 and dividing the essentially'vertical plane in which the legs 11' and 12 reside into a plurality of approximately rectangular areas or panels 25. The rear side of the derrick is'likewise' divided into :9; series of consecutive vertical panels 25a by means lofgirts '24af-the' spacing of the girts 24a being the'saine as the spacing of the girts 24 so that'each girt'24 Will'operate in pairedrelation -to:=agir't 24a to define a" horizontal plane. Each of the panels-25 and 25a is reinforced by use of a set of four diagonal bracing members 26, each of which members 26 is placed across a corner of the quadrilateral area or panel or 25a in a manner, to form within the four strut members 26 a rectangular area in an on-end relation, or, in other words, with one diagonal axis thereof extending vertically and the other diagonal axis thereof extending laterally. The upper and

lower ends

27 and 28 ofthe diagonal reinforcing members 26 are secured to central portions of the girts 24-2411 in a manner such as illustrated in Fig. 3, and the lateral ends 30 of the diagonal reinforcing members 26 are secured to a legcof the derrick in a manner such as. illustratedin.

Fig. 4, the point of joining of the 'ends30"wi'th the leg being located approximately centrally between two adjacent girts.

In the horizontal planes 'de'fincd by the lateral corners of the rectangular figures defined by. the struts 26, girts 32, which may be considered in secondary relation'to the gii'ts1-24 and i24a,-are connected between the legs 7 lOzand 11,: as shown in Fig. 1, and similar secondarygirts -32 arecon- 'nected between'the 'girts 12' and =13,-asshown in Fig. .2. Accordingly, the girtss32'are vertically offset from the girts 24 and 240/2, distance-substantially half the vertical spacing rof the

' glrts

24 and 24a, and the-secondary'girts 32' form in the planes defined by the :legs 10-11 and :12:--.l-3 approximately rectangular panels 33 which may be consideredjn secondary relation to thepanels .25 and'25a-for'thereasonthattheyare offset'relative thereto.

I As shown in Fig.3, the upper and lower ends=28 and 27 of the-struts 26' may be connected to the central portion of a girt, such :as the.=girti24-,i.by means of a plate '34.which may besecured' to' the girt by means of bolts'35. The ends'27 and 28 may be secured to the plate 34 lay-attachment means 36 including bolts 3'7. It-will be perceived. that-at every point of interconnection,- such as shownin Fig. 3. there is a six-point connection between. the structural parts which extend outwardly rialong the sixjcenter lines 38 which radiate from th'ecem,

terpoint P. As shown. in Fig.. 4,the.-end 40-nf each-girt in the main portion of the derrickestructure has five-point connection with a derrick leg and'the lateral ends 30 of. a pair of struts :26. 'In other words, there are structural members-extend.- ing from a point P in ifive directions, as indicated by radial center lines 41. p A

In the construction above described; horizontal stresses in the derrick structure :are carriedventirely around the derrick structure along the lines of interconnectedstrut or igirtmembers. For example; a forceacting horizontally; as shown by the arrow-42in Fig.1, against the: girt-specifically designated as 24b will betransmitted from the center of the member :24?) "through struts 26a to'the rightward-ends of girt-5124c and from the leftward end of the-girt24b through struts 26b to the center of the gins-240. -:'Ac-

cordingly, there is a well'defined interconnection between-girts, through use of the struts; entirely 1. around the derrick.

. -Also in my presentstr'ucture the ideal istruw :tural arrangement or reinforcing of panels as above set forth. may be carried very close 1701- the lower end of the derrick-structure and still permit the formationof doorways or openingssuch as indicated at 44 and 45,*Fig.1. 'Il'ieqgirtfid forming the lowerextremity of thefirst panel in the front side 18' of thedcrrick may be-idisposed so as to, define the upper end of"- the open-- ingor doorwayllwhichtis'offaheight H. Sulli- =the .derrick zstructure These merits. on mechanisms which. maybeused int-cub;F

cient to accommodate the walking beam or percussion drilling means employed in well drilling work. In an adjacent side of the derrick, such as the lateral side 21, the opening 45 is provided for accommodation of other drilling equipment, such as the rotary draw-works. This opening need not be as tall as the opening 24 and accordingly may have a height h, the result being thatthedowermost panel of thejlateralgside 21 of the derrick .mayzstartiwith theiglrt- 24% which is downwardly offset from the girt 24d.

Diagonal reinforcing means, other than the ;preferred type of diagonal reinforcing means set forth aboveis in this construction required to "a much-smailer extent than in my former constructicn, whiclrresults in definite structural advantagesand savings in material. The opening -4'4 may be defined bydiagonal reinforcing struts 46 which extend between the lower ends of the

legs

11 and 12 and the central portion of the girt 24d..having in conjun'ctiongtherewith auxiliary bracing members 4'? and 48. r-To @diagonallygbraace the lower extremity of the lateral :side :2 1icf the derrick,- diagonal struts 50 ,maygbe. carried the lower ends of the .;legs 1*01' and11-across thewJO girt 24e 1 toconnect; with. the centra l portion'i of =-t,he g-irt Zn-above the girt 251?; ltistoeheiundfirr stoodthat the struts 50 are tiedyto theist tural members, such as the girt 2A e-,, winch:;.they. cross.

As -shown in Fi herreerlsi e-zW ar -theme derrick may. have an;openingnflmformedtat ;the lower :end thereof. inaccordancewith the: meam disclosed in Fig-J to;form=-the.--0peni 1;1g de- 2 Of 7 ic F ew ma ii ew h o without opening or doormeans at the. loweralo 9n d t .In exceptionallytallderricks and 1 hose .for 11156 e e e rk n c e -mans tamer/ desirable to. employ auxiliary bracing members .52.in-some-.of the-panelsg-near the slower en clgf an -bmce each have .one. end thereof .conn ted;to-;a central Portion Q m 12.6. an e her dcennect d to a r, stru ure-9f.- Pan l iik'fi w dfimfi with the disclosure ofmy priorapplication hereinbefore-set forth.-

Although-. 1 haveLherem w my nvention in I simple, 1 practice is. recognized that} certain parts, o thereof are representative, 09f other; art

stflntially the samel manner. to acc omplish subrstantially. the same. results;.. therefore, it isto -be understoodthatihe invention iS n0t=t6i-be limited: to the-details disclosedchereln-rbut.:is--to .beaccorded the full scope of the following claims.

. I claimeas my inventionzi' '1. An oil wellcderrick of} the =character escribed; including 1 a complement-ref .zsubstantially vertical leg members s-placed in upright positipn s .and cooperating in vpairs;li' oiorm adjacent of the derrick; ,.-.primary girts 5 extending,- ;.across a primary side .ofsaidderrick between a 'acent leg members fin vertic'allyspaced. relatipn a vertical series. of panels secondary girts ing across a secondary v side of said derrick; adja} cent s p ma y s deilsa d se ond r are bei "spaced "in vertically offset relation to. said p111 marygirts 'so as to form a vertical se esff'cf panels vertically ofiset from said panels' 'pfimai'y side'df-Sa'jiddftik; and diagonal placed across the corners of'said 'pa'nel's';s' 'substantiallydefine centrally o'f s'aid panels quadrilateral flgures havingtheirdiagonal ax'e'scress 7 ing in horizontal and vertical directions. 350

2. An oil well derrick of the character described, including: a complement of substantially vertical leg members placed in upright position and cooperating in pairs to form adjacent sides of the derrick; primary girts extending across a primary side of said derrick between adjacent leg members in vertically spaced relation to form a vertical series of panels; secondary girts extending across a secondary side of said derrick adjacent said primary side, said secondary girts being spaced in vertically ofiset relation to said primary girts a distance of substantially half the height of said panels of said primary side of said derrick so as to form a vertical series of panels vertically offset from said panels of said primary side of said derrick; and diagonal struts placed across the corners of said panels so as to substantially define centrally of said panels quadrilateral figures having their diagonal axes crossing in horizontal and vertical directions.

3. 'An oil well derrick of the character described, including: a complement of substantially vertical leg members placed in upright position and cooperating in pairs to form adjacent sides of the derrick; primary girts extending across a primary side of said derrick between adjacent leg members'in vertically spaced relation to form a vertical series of panels; secondary girts extending across a secondary side of said derrick adjacent said primary side, said secondary girts being spaced in vertically offset relation to said primary girts so as to form a vertical series of panels vertically offset from said panels of said primary side of said derrick; diagonal struts placed across the corners of said panels so as to substantially define centrally of said panels quadrilateral figures having their diagonal axes crossing in horizontal and vertical directions; and auxiliary braces in selected of said panels connecting intermediate points of said struts to the corners of said panels.

4. An oil well derrick of the character described, including: a complement of substantially verical leg members placed in upright position and cooperating in pairs to form adjacent sides of the derrick; primary girts extendingv across a primary side of said derrick between adjacent leg members in vertically spaced relation to form a vertical series of panels; secondary girts extending across a secondary side of said derrick adjacent said primary side, said secondary girts being spaced in vertically offset relation to said primary girts a distance of substantially half the height of said panels of said primary side of said derrick so as to form a vertical series of. panels vertically offset from said panels of said primary side of said derrick; diagonal struts placed across the corners of said panels so as to substantially define centrally of said panels quadilateral figures having their diagonal axes crossing in horizontal and vertical directions; and auxiliary braces in selected of said panels connecting intermediate points of said struts to the corners of said panels.

5. A four-sided oil well derrick of the character described, including: a complement of four vertical leg members placed in upright position so as to define the four sides of a derrick; primary girts extending across front and back sides of said derrick between adjacent leg members in vertically spaced relation to form vertical series of opposite primary panels; secondary girts extending across the two lateral sides of said derrick adjacent said front and back sides, said secondary girts being spaced in vertically offset relationto said primary girts a distance of substantially half the height of said panels of said front and back sides of said derrick so as to form vertical series of secondary panels in vertically offset relation to said primary panels; and diagonal struts placed across the corners of said panels so as to substantially define centrally of said panels quadrilateral figures having their diagonal axes crossing in horizontal and vertical directions, the upper and lower ends of said. struts meeting with the central portion of cooperating girts in six-point connection, and the lateral ends of said struts meeting with a leg member and the end of a girt in five-point connection.

6. A four-sided oil well derrick of the character described, including: a complement of four vertical leg members placed in upright position so .as to define the four sides of a derrick; primary girts extending across front and back sides of said derrick between adjacent leg members in ver-' tically spaced relation to form vertical series of opposite primary panels; secondary girts extending across the two lateral sides of said derrick adjacent said front and back sides, said secondary girts being spaced in vertically ofiset relation to said primary girts a distance of substantiallyv half the height of said panels of said front and back sides of said derrick so as to form vertical series of secondary panels in vertically offset relation to said primary panels; diagonal struts placed across the corners of said panels so as to substantially define centrally of said panels quadrilateral figures having their diagonal axes crossing in horizontal and vertical directions, the upper and lower ends of said struts meeting with the central portion of cooperating girts in six-point connection, and the lateral ends of said struts meeting with a leg member and the end of a girt in five-point connection; and auxiliary braces in selected of said