US1961063A

US1961063A - Casting molten material

Info

Publication number: US1961063A
Application number: US665786A
Authority: US
Inventors: Miguet Paul Louis Joseph; Perron Marcel Paul
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1932-04-19
Filing date: 1933-04-12
Publication date: 1934-05-29
Anticipated expiration: 1951-05-29

Description

- y 934 P. H. mm m. 1.9614163 CASTING MOLTEN MATERIAL Filed April 12, 1933 W 7 6 3 3 l 2: 1 J

Patented May 29, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CASTING MOLTEN MATERIAL I Application April 12, 1933, Serial No. 665,786 In France April 19, 1932 4 Claims.

This invention relates to a method and apparatus for casting metals, alloys and other molten materials.

Metallic ladles, with or without refractory lin- 5 ings, have been used for the transitory reception of molten metals and alloys and other molten materials; such ladles being only receptacles for the handling and distribution of the materials. Metallic molds for the final reception of molten materials have also been used; such molds being only receptacles for the solidification of the materials. But the molds are independent of the ladles and the transfer from one to the other, can only be efiected slowly through a jet localized at the lip or pouring spout of the ladle.

This slow transfer involves the disadvantages of premature solidification in the ladles, rapid distribution of the molds by fusion at the strik- V ing point of the jet and by cracks arising from unequal expansion, and lack of homogeneity in the ingot due to liquation consequent upon a necessary excess of temperature at the time of pouri To these disadvantages may be added an insuflicient stirring of the molten material as well as the costly manipulation of the ladles and molds.

The invention eliminates the foregoing disadvantages, provides for a perfect mixing before solidification and substantially reduces the cost of manipulation. The invention involves the temporary joining of the ladle and mold in an invertible ladle-mold system, and has the following advantages;

By the temporary provision of a heating vault the relatively thin layer of material in the ladle may 7: effectively heated up and all danger of premature solidification avoided.

The molten material is transferred in a very 40 large flowing sheet so as to fill all the molds instantaneously and thus avoid all erosion and irregular expansion.

The molten material may be poured into the mold very close toits solidification point and thus all appreciable liquation may be avoided.

By providing a temporary housing of suitable form, slag may be separated from the metal before casting.

The invention will be more particularly described for the purpose of illustration with reference to the accompanying drawing in which:

Figs. 1 and 3 are respectively a section on line 1--1 of Fig. 3 and a section on line 33 of Fig. 1,

representing a ladle-mold ensemble before the. casting operation;

Fig. 2 represents the inverted ladle-mold ensemble after inversion;

Fig. 4 represents a modification of the invention providing for the removal of slag and the like; and

Fig. 5 represents a modification of the invention providing for the retreating of the molten .material in the mold.

In Figs. 1 to 3, l is a semi-cylindrical ladle,

carried in chassis 2 by means of trunnions 3 which permit the inversion of the ladle by means of crank 4, the motion of which is reduced by gearing 5. After the molten material has been placed in the ladle a cold set of molds 7 is placed over the ladle and tightly secured thereto by bolts 8, so that when the ensemble is inverted the molds will receive, all at once, the molten material, which solidifies immediately. To this end it is advantageous that the mass of the mold be greater than the mass of molten material. It may be, for example, five times as great.

This method of operation avoids all premature solidfication in the ladle, does not subject the mold to erosion by a jet of molten material or to inequalities of temperature, and avoids all separation by liquidation because of the rapid solidification.

45% ferrosilicon cast in this manner is indefinitely stable and does not undergo any spontaneous powdering; 80% ferrosilicon cast in this way does not show a greater difference than 1.5% between the top and bottom of the ingot, while the usual difference is 8 to 10%.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 a supporting frame 9 is superposed on the ladle before the charge is placed therein. Thereafter a mixture of metal 6 and slag 10 is placed in the ladle. After solidification oi the slag, which takes place, for example, a half-hour before the solidification of the metal, the solidified slag may be removed together with the supporting frame. Thereafter the mold may be secured to the ladle as described above and the already described inversion and casting proceeded with. By this means, metals accompanied by slag may be readily cast in the new device. For example, cast iron, ferromanganese, ferro-aluminum, and ferrophosphorus and the like may be efiectively handled in the described manner.

In the modification shown in Fig. 5, a heating vault 11 is superposed on the ladle containing the material to be cast. The heating vault is provided with electrodes 12 or oil burners or other suitable heating means. In this way material threatened with premature solidification content having a variation of composition less than 2%, non-disintegrating mangana-silicon containing over 26% of silicon, ferromanganese of 72 to 100% manganese content free from slag, and cast alumina containing to A1203 without an appreciable coeflicient of expansion.

We claim:

1. Apparatus for casting molten materials comprising a ladle, a supporting frame adapted to be superposed on said ladle and provide a removable extension of the walls of said ladle, a mold member adapted to be superposed in an inverted position on said ladle interchangeably with said supporting frame, means for tightly securing said mold member to said ladle, means rotatably supporting said ladle, and means for rotating said ladle about said supporting means.

2. Apparatus for casting molten materials comprising a ladle, a vault member adapted to be superposed on said ladle, heating means associated with said vault member, a mold member adapted to be superposed in an inverted position on said ladle interchangeably with said vault member, means for tightly securing said mold member to said ladle, means rotatably supporting said ladle, and means for rotating said ladle about said supporting means.

3. A system of apparatus for casting molten materials, comprising a ladle invertibly mounted on supporting means, and a set of members interchangeably superposable upon said ladle, said set of interchangeable members comprising a mold vmember adapted to be secured to said ladle in inverted position, a frame member adapted to provide an extension of the walls of said ladle, and a vault member adapted to be superposed on said ladle and having heating means associated therewith adapted to supply heat to the contents of the ladle.

4. Method of casting molten materials including a slag, comprising placing the mixture of molten material and slag in a ladle provided with a removable extension of the side walls thereof,

hardening the slag by cooling, removing the ex- I tension and the hardened slag, superposing a mold in inverted position on said ladle and inverting the ladle-mold ensemble.

PAUL LOUIS JOSEPH MIGUET. 'MARCEL PAUL PERRON.