US1958985A - Steel alloy - Google Patents
Steel alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1958985A US1958985A US426597A US42659730A US1958985A US 1958985 A US1958985 A US 1958985A US 426597 A US426597 A US 426597A US 42659730 A US42659730 A US 42659730A US 1958985 A US1958985 A US 1958985A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- per cent
- hardness
- analysis
- hot
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 Carbon Silicon Manganese Chromium Nickel Carbon Manganese Silicon Chromium Phosphorus Sulphur Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001037 White iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
Definitions
- One object of this invention is to produce a steel alloy having pronounced qualities for resisting wear and abrasive action when subjected to either hot or cold operating conditions.
- My alloy is suitable for all wearing parts, has been found to be particularly suitable for centers such as are used in lathes, steady rests, cam contacting surfaces for tappets of internal combustion engines, cams, and other similar articles. Extensive experiments have been conducted to produce a steel particularly suitable for the cam contacting faces of valve tappets for internal combustion engines, and the other uses mentioned, without particular success, and to date no steel has been produced for these purposes which will Wear satisfactorily. My new alloy fills this need, and the wearing qualities are comparable and even superior to the qualities of chilled and white cast iron, which are now regarded as more satisfactory than steel for many of these uses, particularly for tappets.
- the new alloy is also particularly suitable for making hot work dies or hot work extruding dies, because of its ability to resist loss of hardness when heated to temperatures which would soften ordinary alloy steel.
- my alloy In the soft state my alloy is non-magnetic, while analysis X is magnetic.
- the alloys respond differently to heat treatment. Alloys made in accordance with analysis X heated for a long period of time at temperatures from 1600 to 1800 Fahrenheit and cooled slowly, will anneal or become soft, and have a Brinnell hardness of approximately 223.
- My alloy, subjected to the same treatment will harden under slow cooling, and will obtain a Brinnell hardness of approximately 574, and will become magnetic, and be unusually resistant to wear and abrasion.
- the characteristic of increasing hardness with heating and slow cooling is particularly valuable when the material is used for hot work, as the hardness and wear resistant qualities are retained under hot operating conditions.
- the quality of becommg hard under slow cooling also eliminates the strains and distortions inevitably developed in the hardening of steels of the type of analysis X which require a rapid cooling or quenching to obtain hardness.
- the element nickel helps to retain the hot hardness value but is not essential for the wear resisting value of the alloywhen used for cold working parts.
- the elements molybdenum and cobalt indicated in the typical analyses hereinbefore listed may be omitted, and the elements tungsten, vanadium, aluminum or zirconium may be added without seriously afiecting or changing the essential characteristics of my alloy.
Description
Patented May 15, 1934 UNITED STATES STEEL ALLOY George Charlton, Detroit, Mich., assignor to Wilcox-Rich Corporation, a corporation of Michigan No Drawing. Application February 7, 1930, Serial No. 426,597
4 Claims.
One object of this invention is to produce a steel alloy having pronounced qualities for resisting wear and abrasive action when subjected to either hot or cold operating conditions.
My alloy is suitable for all wearing parts, has been found to be particularly suitable for centers such as are used in lathes, steady rests, cam contacting surfaces for tappets of internal combustion engines, cams, and other similar articles. Extensive experiments have been conducted to produce a steel particularly suitable for the cam contacting faces of valve tappets for internal combustion engines, and the other uses mentioned, without particular success, and to date no steel has been produced for these purposes which will Wear satisfactorily. My new alloy fills this need, and the wearing qualities are comparable and even superior to the qualities of chilled and white cast iron, which are now regarded as more satisfactory than steel for many of these uses, particularly for tappets.
In addition to the uses mentioned, which call for resisting abrasion in the cold state, the new alloy is also particularly suitable for making hot work dies or hot work extruding dies, because of its ability to resist loss of hardness when heated to temperatures which would soften ordinary alloy steel. v
The following are typical analyses of my new alloy, whcih have been tested and proved to have the unusual wearing qualities desired:
I am aware that there is a widely used steel alloy having an approximate analysis as follows, which I designate as analysis X, for purposes of convenience, and which is a typical high carbon The following described test indicates the unusual advantages of my new alloy over the nearest known equivalent as typified by analysis X. The test constituted a lathe center made from my new alloy, which was operated for twenty days without requiring regrinding, while centers made from analysis X required regrinding each day.
My new analyses produce an alloy having physical properties considerably different fromv physical properties of alloys made up in accordance with analysis X. These differences are illustrated in the following comparative characteristics:
In the soft state my alloy is non-magnetic, while analysis X is magnetic. The alloys respond differently to heat treatment. Alloys made in acordance with analysis X heated for a long period of time at temperatures from 1600 to 1800 Fahrenheit and cooled slowly, will anneal or become soft, and have a Brinnell hardness of approximately 223. My alloy, subjected to the same treatment, will harden under slow cooling, and will obtain a Brinnell hardness of approximately 574, and will become magnetic, and be unusually resistant to wear and abrasion. The characteristic of increasing hardness with heating and slow cooling is particularly valuable when the material is used for hot work, as the hardness and wear resistant qualities are retained under hot operating conditions. The quality of becommg hard under slow cooling also eliminates the strains and distortions inevitably developed in the hardening of steels of the type of analysis X which require a rapid cooling or quenching to obtain hardness.
The following is an approximate range' of analyses for the essential and desirable elements of my new alloy, although it will be understood that such variations from this range as assure the retention of the increasing hardness characteristic on slow cooling from annealing temperatures is well within the scope of my invention:
high chromium type. Carbon Silicon Manganese Chromium Nickel Carbon Manganese Silicon Chromium Phosphorus Sulphur 1.75 1.00max. 1. 00 300 No ne to 0 0 o This material, compared with ordinary alloy steels, possesses good wearing qualities, but does not approach the wearing qualities of my new alloy.
The element nickel helps to retain the hot hardness value but is not essential for the wear resisting value of the alloywhen used for cold working parts. The elements molybdenum and cobalt indicated in the typical analyses hereinbefore listed may be omitted, and the elements tungsten, vanadium, aluminum or zirconium may be added without seriously afiecting or changing the essential characteristics of my alloy. The elements phosphorus and sulphur, although not specifically indicated in'my analysis, are present in amounts common in other alloy steels.
It is also to be understood that I am aware that my alloy may be put to other uses than those specifically mentioned herein, and that such are deemed to be within the scope of my invention.
Formal changes may be made in the specific 1 remainder being iron.
2. An alloy characterized by its ability to resist loss of hardness when hot worked, combined with the property of retaining its hardness in the presence of slow cooling, containing and comprising from 1.90 to 2.48 per cent of carbon, from .90 to 1.00 per cent of silicon, from 1.61 to 2.67 per cent of manganese, from 13.00 to 14.41 per cent of chromium, and from 3.05 to 3.40 per cent of nickel, the remainder being substantially iron.
3. An alloy characterized by its resistance to wear and abrasion when subjected to either hot or cold working conditions, combined with the property of hardening in the presence of slow cooling, containing and comprising, approximately 2.29 per cent of carbon, 1.00 per cent of silicon, 2.67 per cent of manganese, 13.00 per cent of chromium, 3.28 per cent of nickel, the remainder being substantially iron.
4. An alloy characterized by its resistance to wear and abrasion when subjected to either hot or cold working conditions, combined with the property of hardening in the presence of slow cooling, containing and comprising,'approximate- 1y 2.48 per cent carbon, .90 per cent silicon, 1.71 per cent manganese, 14.41 per cent chromium, 3.40 per cent nickel, the remainder being substantially iron.
GEORGE CHARLTON.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US426597A US1958985A (en) | 1930-02-07 | 1930-02-07 | Steel alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US426597A US1958985A (en) | 1930-02-07 | 1930-02-07 | Steel alloy |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1958985A true US1958985A (en) | 1934-05-15 |
Family
ID=23691431
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US426597A Expired - Lifetime US1958985A (en) | 1930-02-07 | 1930-02-07 | Steel alloy |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US1958985A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE927212C (en) * | 1941-11-18 | 1955-05-02 | Gussstahlwerk Witten Ag | Process for the heat treatment of tools and components |
-
1930
- 1930-02-07 US US426597A patent/US1958985A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE927212C (en) * | 1941-11-18 | 1955-05-02 | Gussstahlwerk Witten Ag | Process for the heat treatment of tools and components |
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