US19542A - Improvement in manufacture of artificial skins - Google Patents
Improvement in manufacture of artificial skins Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US19542A US19542A US19542DA US19542A US 19542 A US19542 A US 19542A US 19542D A US19542D A US 19542DA US 19542 A US19542 A US 19542A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- skins
- manufacture
- improvement
- hides
- parts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 210000003491 Skin Anatomy 0.000 title description 28
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000786137 Halogeton glomeratus Species 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium monoxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000168036 Populus alba Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001519 tissues Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01C—CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
- D01C3/00—Treatment of animal material, e.g. chemical scouring of wool
Definitions
- This invention has for its object to-produce artificial skins for the manufacture of parchment or such like articles and leather; and it consists in employing the cuttings or other parts of hidesand skins by reducing the same to pulp, and then by rollers or pressure to produce sheets.
- the parts of skins or hides which it is preferred should have the outer surfaces removed are soaked in water having dissolved therein, by preference, barilla and caustic lime, though other matters may be used.
- the parts of skins or hides are then well washed and subjected to a bath of water having therein alum and sulphuric acid.
- the parts of hides are. then, after being washed, pulped and subjected to pressure between rollers or other presses, some of which are coated with felt and others are smooth.
- the sheets thus made are used in the manufacture of parchment or such like articles and leather.
- the cuttings or other parts of hides or skins are soaked in cold soft water for about three days. They are then submitted to a solution of caustic barilla and caustic lime in the proportions of three pounds of the former to one pound of the latter in about one hundred pints of Water, and they are allowed to remain in this solution for about twenty-four hours or until they are soft enough to allow the fiber to break down with the blow of a hammer of about three pounds weight.
- the cuttings or parts of hides or skins are next to be washed clean in cold soft water, and they are then to be ground, which I prefer to do with edge-stones; or they may be passed between rollers or be well hammered or beaten in pl ace of grinding,
- hyposul-' phate of soda, muriate of soda, (common salt,) and alum and I use them at the rate of eight ounces of hyposulphate of soda, three ounces of muriate of soda, and one ounce of alum for each bath of one hundred and one gallons, by 7 measure, of water and acid, and as much outtings as such a bath will contain submerged, and I allow the matters to remain for about six or eight hours, stirring them frequently.
- the fibers are next to be washed free of acid in cold soft water, and they are afterward to be subjected to a paper or rag engine to reduce the same to pulp of the degree of fineness desired,. and the pulp may then be made into sheets in like manner to what vegetable pulp is made into paper; but I have found it desirable to use a fine-woven fabric of cotton, linen, or other fiber over the Wire-cloth of the paper-machine or sieves used, and when passing between the couchingrollers there should also be a similar fabric
- the fabrics thus made of animal pulp above.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
- Treatment And Processing Of Natural Fur Or Leather (AREA)
Description
1 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIcE.
JOHN H. nnowNn, or ABBEY MILLS, ROMSEY, HANTs, ENGLAND.
IMPROVEMENT IN MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL SKINS.
Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 19,542, dated Marci 1 9, 1858.
To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN HARCOURT BROWNE, of Abbey Mills, Romsey, Hants, England, a subject of Her Majesty the Queen ofGreat Britain, have invented or discovered new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Artificial Skins; and I, the said JOHN HAROOURT BRowNn, do hereby declare the nature of the said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly described and ascertained in and by the following statement thereofthat is to say:
This invention has for its object to-produce artificial skins for the manufacture of parchment or such like articles and leather; and it consists in employing the cuttings or other parts of hidesand skins by reducing the same to pulp, and then by rollers or pressure to produce sheets. For this purpose the parts of skins or hides which it is preferred should have the outer surfaces removed are soaked in water having dissolved therein, by preference, barilla and caustic lime, though other matters may be used. The parts of skins or hides are then well washed and subjected to a bath of water having therein alum and sulphuric acid. The parts of hides are. then, after being washed, pulped and subjected to pressure between rollers or other presses, some of which are coated with felt and others are smooth. The sheets thus made are used in the manufacture of parchment or such like articles and leather.
Having thus described the nature of my said invention, I will proceed to explain the manner of performing the same.
The cuttings or other parts of hides or skins are soaked in cold soft water for about three days. They are then submitted to a solution of caustic barilla and caustic lime in the proportions of three pounds of the former to one pound of the latter in about one hundred pints of Water, and they are allowed to remain in this solution for about twenty-four hours or until they are soft enough to allow the fiber to break down with the blow of a hammer of about three pounds weight. The cuttings or parts of hides or skins are next to be washed clean in cold soft water, and they are then to be ground, which I prefer to do with edge-stones; or they may be passed between rollers or be well hammered or beaten in pl ace of grinding,
into sheets.
till they are formed into athin tissue. I next subject the cuttings or parts of skins or hides to an acidulated bath composed of one part, by measure, of sulphuric acid of commerce to one hundred parts, by measure, of soft water until the fiber or matters separate and assume a flocky appearance, and this will generally result in from twelve to twenty-four hours, depending on the nature of the skins or hides, and care is to be observed not to make the acidulated bath too strong, as it injures the texture. I then add bleaching materials, and for this purpose I prefer to employ hyposul-' phate of soda, muriate of soda, (common salt,) and alum, and I use them at the rate of eight ounces of hyposulphate of soda, three ounces of muriate of soda, and one ounce of alum for each bath of one hundred and one gallons, by 7 measure, of water and acid, and as much outtings as such a bath will contain submerged, and I allow the matters to remain for about six or eight hours, stirring them frequently.
I would, however, remark that the bleaching of the fiber is not resorted to in all cases, particularly when the fabric produced is to be subjected to processes for making leather therefrom. The fibers are next to be washed free of acid in cold soft water, and they are afterward to be subjected to a paper or rag engine to reduce the same to pulp of the degree of fineness desired,. and the pulp may then be made into sheets in like manner to what vegetable pulp is made into paper; but I have found it desirable to use a fine-woven fabric of cotton, linen, or other fiber over the Wire-cloth of the paper-machine or sieves used, and when passing between the couchingrollers there should also be a similar fabric The fabrics thus made of animal pulp above. are next to be dried either by warmed cylinders or otherwise, which should be covered with felt or other fabric, taking care to keep the artificial heat down to as low a degree as g I may be. I prefer not to' use a temperature greater than from 95 to 100 of Fahrenheit; but I believe that atmospheric drying is preferable when such drying can be resorted to, the sheets in all cases being kept extended when drying; or, in place of making the pulp into sheets, as above explained, the water may be strained out and the plastic pulp rolled IVhen sheets or other forms of v articles made of animal pulp, as above explained, are to be converted into leather, I prefer to proceed to act on the sheets or articles just before they are dry, and they are to be treated when making leather thereof in like manner to what hides or skins have heretofore been treated.
I would state that when making the finer classes of manufacturesuch as imitations of good parchmentI prefer to have the outer skin or hair side removed from the cuttings or other parts of hides or skins before using them, as herein described.
Having thus described the nature of my said invention and the manner of performing the same, I would have it understood that What I claim is The manufacture of artificial skins, herein described.
J. H. BROWNE.
Vitnesses:
GEO. PITT, THOS. BROWN.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US19542A true US19542A (en) | 1858-03-09 |
Family
ID=2083745
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US19542D Expired - Lifetime US19542A (en) | Improvement in manufacture of artificial skins |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US19542A (en) |
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0
- US US19542D patent/US19542A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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