US1953260A - Loom - Google Patents

Description

April 3, 1934. K. PETZOLDT 1,953,260

LOOM

Filed May 7, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Patented Apr. 3, 1934 UNITED STATES LOOM Karl Petzoldt, Chemnitz, Germany Application May 7, 1932, Serial No. 609,893 In Germany May 8, 1931 1 Claim.

My invention relates to looms and more particularly to a device for Weaving pile fabrics with continuous patterns on looms for weaving with pile wires. In such pile fabrics the pattern- 5 forming warp-pile threads are interlaced with the ground texture in leno or gauze weave while the inactive warp-pile threads are stretched in' the fabric.

It is an object of my invention to provide an improved device of the kind described. To this end I provide an open comb for laterally displacing the Vpattern-forming threads, and a hook reed adapted to be raised and lowered for raising V the threads which the comb has displaced into l5 `gauze-shed position.

Pile fabrics of the kind described are old in the art. As in such fabrics the pattern-forming warp-pile threads are arranged transversely to V the direction of the warp on the back of the fabl ric, a much better imitation of carpets knotted by hand or mechanically is obtained than with pile fabrics with continuous patterns but without leno or gauze weave and the pile loops are very V firmly held in the fabric.

:25 Various devices have already been suggested `for weaving fabrics of the kind referred to. For instance. it has beensuggested to form the gauze sheds by standard and do-up healds of Aknown kind moved from a Jacquard machine. Apart from. the short life of such healds, the breaking of which permanently interferes with the operation of the loom, the drawing-in of the warp threads is very complicated so that specially skilled weavers are required, the rear gauze shed becomes very short and the stress on .the warppile threads and the healds is very high in consequence.

It has also been suggested to provide a needle shaft arranged in front of the harnessand having downwardly directed needles with eyes into which the packing-warp threads are drawn. The needle shaft when raising the pattern-forming warp pile-threads into the top shed, lowers the packing-warp threads at the right of the pile threads and upon the subsequent raising of all pile-warp threads, at the left of the pile threads, and thereby the pattern-forming pile-warp threads were interlaced in leno or gauze weave. This device is suitable but the needles do not stand the stress by the packing-warp threads which are under very considerable tension so that the needles are bent.

It has also been suggested to arrange between the reed and the harness a system of hooked needles which are adapted to be raised and lowered and to be rotated about their own axes, for engaging the warp-pile threads selected by a patterning device and moving them into the gauzeshed position. This device is Very complicated and expensive and requires a very deep loom. 25? The harness and the shafts must be arranged very far .toward the rear so that conditions lbecome unfavorable with respect to the raising and it is difcult to draw in broken threads.

According to my invention I provide for the formation of the gauze shed an open comb which displaces laterally the pattern-forming warp-pile threads selected `by the Jacquard machine, or any other patterning device and a hook reed which :is adapted to be raised and lowered and .equipped El@ with hooks. The selector raises into gauze-shed position the threads which have been displaced by the comb. The hooks of the hook `reed may b e arranged in front or at the rear of the lreed bars. The novel device is very simple for it re.- 5.5 quires. only guides for the hook reed andthe comb two extra cams and a treadle of the .same type .as provided for the shafts of the ground texture.

It does not interfere with the .drawing-in in .any way because all warp threads are drawn in into 89- the hook reed in quite `the same manner as they are drawn into the reed. Thedepth of 'the device is quite small.

Open and closed .combs such as employed in my device are old in the art and have already fbeen' provided in combination with a shaft having eyed needles for applying the .ground threads at the left or at the right of the ends of the needles to the needle shaft.

vIn the drawings affixed to :this specification and forming part thereof a loom to which my `device is applied, andthe operation'of `the device, are illustrated diagrammatically 'by rway :of example.

In the drawings Fig. `1 is -an elevation of the loom,

Figs. 2 and 3 are elevations of its extra cams,

Figs. 4 to 9 illustrate various stages of operation of the device, as will be described below, and

Fig. 10 is a section on the line X-X in Fig. 5.

Referring now to the drawings, A is the frame of the loom, and 11 is its driving shaft. 2 is the hook reed which is equipped with a frame 6 and mounted to slide in grooved guides 7. Chains 8, 8 are attached to the upper and lower bars of the hook reed frame 6 at one end and to the arms 9, 9 of a treadle at the other end. Rocking movement is imparted to the treadle by means of a grooved cam 10 on the driving shaft 11, 10

Fig. 2. 12 is a solid cam which is placed on the shaft 11 along with the grooved cams (not Shown) for the packing and binding warp threads. The solid cam 12 which is shown separately in Fig. 3, acts on a roller at one end of a double-armed lever 13 which is fulcrumed on the frame A. 17 is a pull-back spring which is attached to one arm of the lever, and 14 is a link by which the end of this arm is connected to another double-armed rocking lever 15. This last-mentioned rocking lever is fulcrumed on the guide '7 at the left, with its free end connected to a rail 16 which is adapted to be displaced in horizontal direction and supports the displacing comb 5. As in the initial position of the comb illustrated in Fig. 1 its needles coincide exactly with the bars of the hook reed 2, some of the hook reed bars have been omitted in Fig. l.

Referring now to Figs. 4 to 10, the selector 2 is arranged between the reed l and the harness (not shown) for the pile. threads. At the rear of the harness, the shaits (not shown) for the binding and the packing warp threads are arranged. The hook reed bars are of steel and equipped with hooks 3 positioned in the direction of the warp, the bars 1being connected to their trame members 6,. 6 in the manner of a reed. v.as shown in Fig. l0, the pitch p2 of the bars in the hook reed 2 is exactly equal to the pitch p5, or the comb teeth and also to the pitch p' of the reed l. The lowered ground and pile threads are in such position with respect to the comb 16 that they will enter between its teeth 5. The comb, as will appear from Fig. l, is adapted to be displaced only horizontal direction and is neither raised. nor lowered.

For the rst weit, Fig. Il, all pile threads and the packing threads p are lowered and so is the hook reed 2. The pattern-forming pile threads a are selected by the card of the Jacquard machine (not shown). v lli-ter. the picking or^ the rst weit,` Fig. 5, the Jacquard machine has raised the inactive pile-warp threads The binding threads b have ymoved downwardly for about half their travel andthe paclring threads p have been raised beyond the points of the needles or teeth 5 of the comb 16. Only the pattern-forming threads d are lowered so that they are engaged by the needles 5 of the comb 16 and moved toward the right, as shown in Fig. lo. in the position shown in 5, the pattern-forming threads have already been shifted 'laterally by the comb 16 and they have already been engaged by the hooks 3 or the hook reed 2, the comb' 16 starting for its lat-eral movement as soon as the packing threads p and the inactive -pile threads i have left the points of the needles 5 in the comb 16. This occurs about midway between the positions in Figs. 4 and 5. This moves the threads a into reach of the teeth 3 of the hook reed 2 byrwhich they are engaged'and downward direction.

at the picking of the second weft, Fig. 6, are raised into the gauze shed which is at the right of the binding and packing threads in the same space of the reed 1 while at the same time the binding and packing threads are lowered. The inactive warp-pile threads z' have in the meantime been raised by the Jacquard machine so that the second weft passes below them. At the beating-up of the second weft the hook reed 2 has been lowered again, as shown in Fig. '7, and has released the pattern-forming pile threads a. The comb 16 is also free and returns into its initial position at the left. The binding threads b riove toward the lower shed, the inactive threads i remain in the position occupied for the second weft andthe packing threads p have been raised for facilitating the interlacing of the patternforming threads a. The last-named threads have in the meantime also arrived at the lower shed and at the same time they move upwardly past the inactive threads i for forming the top shed, Fig. 8, if necessary upon another operation of the J acquardk card. The binding threads i) are at the level of the lower shed and the inactive threads i remain in the same position. The filling threads p have been lowered again. Upon the beating up or the beam bar the warp threads assume the position illustrated in Fig. 9 in which they are ready for the subsequent weft and for a new cycle.

The hook reed V2 may also be equipped with downwardly directed hooks 3 foroperating in t is not necessary that the gauze shed should be formed for the second weit but it is possible to form the top shed by stroke of the selector 2 which in this case, however, would have to be larger in proportion.

It will be understood from the description that the device according to my invention is of unequalled simplicity. The drawing-in of broken warp threads is not interfered with in any way andvthere is no diiculty about adjusting the device because its moving Amembers are operated by cams and levers in a manner similar to the operation of weaving shafts.

I wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to the exact details of construction shown and described for obvious modiiications will occur to a person skilled in the art.

I claim:

A loom for weaving with pile wires comprising an open combv for laterally displacing the pattern-forming warp-pile threads, means for reciprocating said ,comb, a single hook reed for raising the threads disp-laced by said comb into gauze-shed position, hooks on said hook reed arranged at the rear of the selector bars in the direction of the warp, and means for raising and lowering said hook reed;

KARL PETZOLDT.

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