US1953236A - Pattern grading machine - Google Patents

Description

April 3, 1934- T. A. KESTELL PATTERN GRADING MACHINE Filed April 2, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 A ril 3, 1934. T. A. KESTELL PATTERN GRADING MACHINE Filed April 2, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 3, 1934. -r. A. KESTELL PATTERN GRADING MACHINE Filed April 2, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 April 3, 1934. T, A, KESTELL PATTERN GRADING MACHINE Filed April 2, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 3 v 55 EN 7 April 3, 1934. T. A. KESTELL 1,953,236

PATTERN GRADING MACHINE Filed April 2, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 wir Patented Apr. 3, I934 ATENT FFICE PATTERN GRADING MACHINE Thomas Aubrey Kestell, Leicester, England, as-

signor to United Shoe Machinery Corporation, Paterson, N. 5., a corporation of New Jersey Application April 2, 1930, Serial Nam-441,104 In Great Britain April 19, 1929 22 Claims.

This invention relates to pattern reproducing machines, that is, machines for reproducing model in a work piece, and is illustrated herein as embodied in a pattern grading machine for producing shoe upper patterns from a model.

Machines of the type shown comprise four primary instrumentalities, namely, a model holder,

work holder, a model guide or follower, and a cutting tool, interconnected by two pantographic mechanisms operating to magnify or reduce the length and Width of the model independently, in the work piece.

Gwing to peculiarities of style and of the design or reduce), different parts of the upper pattern at different rates. This necessitates a change in he adjustment of one or both of the pantographs while the work is being done, and in general such a change of adjustment will cause definite relative movement between some of the four primary instrumentalities which causes a jog in the work. It is a principal object of this invention to provide a convenient and accurate means of avoiding this difficulty.

Accordingly, the present invention provides means for determining accurately and compenrating for the relative movement of the primary nstrumentalities caused by a change in a grading factor effected by a change of adjustment of a pantograph. As is usual in machines of this charc. tor, the pantograph comprises a lever connected two of the primary instrumentalities at two of fulcra and having an adjustable fulcrum to change the grading factor. In the illustrated machine I have provided an additional adjustment for another of the iulcra by means of which the relative movement of the primary instrumen 'f' caused by changing the grading factor can be compensated for, thereby eliminating the jog In other words, this compensatory adjustment does change the mechanical advantage of the grading lever but causes a relative movement of the primary instrumentality equal and opposite to that caused by the change of the grading factor. I have provided also a suitable scale and pointer for measuring accurately the movement for which compensation is to. be made.

If desired, this novel mechanism can be used to chang the grading factor gradually by mak ing a series of grading factor changes and corresponding compensatory adjustments.

The compensatory adjustment mechanism proby the invention is also of value in effecting grade restrictions Without change of grading factor. For example, it is undesirable to grade the entire height of the leg of a boot, since the large sizes would then have an unsatisfactory appearance. known this problem is dealt with by bending the pantograph lever at a point provided therein, without necessarily changing the grading factor, thus causing a jog in the work to the extent of the grade restriction desired. The compensatory adjustment above described, when operated without changing the grading factor or otherwise disturbing the adjustment of the machine, will accomplish the same result; 7

In accordance with a feature of the invention the mechanisms for efiecting the compensatory adjustments in length and width are so arranged that they can be operated by a single adjusting member, and the construction is such that either one alone or both together can be operated, and in the latter case, so that the amounts of the grade restriction in length and width can be varied to give the desired resultant along a line oblique to both the length and Width.

Still another feature of the invention provides means for adding a strip of constant width on the edge of a graded pattern as for a seam or lasting allowance. In the illustrated machine this is accomplished by displacing the model guide-pin an amount equal to the width of the strip required, and means is provided whereby this displacement may be kept perpendicular to the edge of the pattern at every point. The guide pin is mounted in a rotatable disk to effect this, and the disk is controlled by the same means as is used to vary the length and Width grade restrictions above discussed.

Another feature of the invention resides in the mechanism for adjusting the pantograph mecha nisms to the desired grading factor. This, as illustrated, is effected by means of two independent adjustments, one of which determines directly a certain grade per unit travel along a model, and the second of which determines successive simple multiples of the grade determined by the first.

These and other features of the invention will best be understood by a consideration of the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which,

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the said illus-. trative embodiment, certain details being omitted for the sake of clearness;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the said embodiment In grading machines heretofore partly broken away and with certain details omitted;

Fig. 3 is a front elevation, to an enlarged scale, showing certain parts seen in Figure 1;

Fig. 4 is a plan view showing certain details shown in Figure 2 and hereinafter described;

Fig. 5 is a plan View, on an enlarged scale, of model guiding mechanism hereinafter described;

Fig. 6 is an end view, looking from the right of Fig. 2 and showing on an enlarged scale certain details indicated therein;

Fig. 7 is a diagram illustrating the pantograph structure; and

Figs. 8 and 9 are details of the control device.

This particular illustrative embodiment has a main frame comprising a vertical column or standard 1 at the upper end of which is a horizontal goose-neck arm 3 which extends toward the left of the machine as seen in Fig. 1 and overlies a second arm 5 situated directly beneath it and parallel with it. A vertical reciprocable punch 7 is mounted in fixed bearings in the lefthand free end of the goose-neck arm and cooperates with a fixed die-block 9 situated in the left-hand free end of the second arm 5 to punch out a pattern as hereinafter described. The punch 7 is operated by eccentric mechanism at the left-hand end of a horizontal shaft 11 mounted in the goose-neck arm 3 and provided at its right-hand end with fast and loose pulleys (as shown) whereby the shaft may be driven, for example, from an electric motor. A treadle 12 is provided whereby the punch, though still reciprocating, can be raised out of operation when desired. The co-operating punch 7 and die-block 9 constitute, as aforesaid, the pattern cutting instrumentalities and it will be appreciated from the above description that the actual station at which the cutting of the pattern occurs is fixed relatively to the frame of the machine.

A horizontally movable model-guiding device generally designated by the reference number 13 (Fig. 1) is mounted to move along and across the upper side of the goose-neck arm 3 (as hereinafter described) and this model-guiding device comprises, in the illustrative embodiment, an upstanding pin 15 hereinafter termed the guide-pin.

A bracket 17 secured to the machine column below the horizontal arms 3 and 5 extends horizontally from the column parallel to the arms, the arms and the bracket lying in the same ver-- tical plane. Rectilinear guideways 19 are formed in the upper face of this bracket parallel with the goose-neck arm and a carriage 21 is mounted to slide on rollers 22 along these guideways toward and away from the guide-pin 15. The carriage 21 itself extends for a considerable distance on either side of the guideways 19 (as shown in Fig. 2) and is provided on its upper face with horizontal guideways 23 which extend at right angles to the guideways 19, i. e. perpendicular to the goose-neck arm 3. A combined model carrier and pattern-board carrier 25 is mounted on the carriage 21 and partakes of the movements of the carriage toward and away from the guide-pin 15 and is also free to move, on rollers 27 shown only in Fig. 1, at right angles to the goose-neck arm 3 along the guideways 23 in the carriage 21. Rollers 29 and 31 (Fig. 2) are provided respectively on the carriage 21 and the carrier 25 to eliminate side-play between these members and their guideways by bearing against the opposite sides of the guideways. The carriage 25 has a pair of clamping jaws 33 (arranged vertically one above the other in the lower part thereof and in that end nearer to the goose-neck arm) which are adapted to clamp, in a horizontal position, a sheet of pattern board 35 from which the pattern is to be cut. The clamping jaws 33 are adapted to be closed to grip the pattern board by means of a manually rotatable cam lever 37 and are adapted to be opened when allowed to do so by a spring not shown. The clamping jaws 33 are each carried in a horizontal position at the end of a horizontally slidable tube-39 which is mounted in bearings in the carrier 25. The two tubes 39 are arranged one above the other in the carrier and are adjustable in their bearings horizontally toward and away from the punch 7 relatively to the carrier 25 so that the clampingjaws 33 may, when a small sheet of pattern board is being used in the machine, be moved toward the punch 7 before clamping the pattern board in order to support the pattern board for the cutting operation as near to the cutting point as possible. The two tubes 39 are connected so as to be moved together the same distance at the same time by means of a vertical pin 41 passing through the two tubes behind the bearings in the frame as shown in Fig. 1. The position of the clamping jaws 33 toward or away from the punch is determined by a manual adjustment of the tubes along their bearings in the carrier and the bearing for the upper tube is split and is provided with a hand screw 43 whereby it may be tightened to hold the tube securely in adjusted position. A light framework of iron rod 45 extends horizontally from the carrier toward the rear of the machine as shown in Fig. 2 on a level with the clamping jaws 33 to serve as a support for the margin of a large sheet of pattern board. The model holder of the combined model and pattern-board carrier comprises a flat skeleton frame 47 which, during the operation of the machine, occupies a horizontal position slightly higher than the top of the guide-pin 15, as seen in Fig. 1. The model or template itself comprises a flat plate 49 indicated in full lines in Fig. 1 and by the chain lines 49 in Fig. 2 and this plate is secured to the under side of the skeleton frame 47 by studs 51 passing through holes in the plate and the plate is spaced away from the frame by distance pieces or collars so that every part of the edge of the model 49 may be brought into contact with the guide-pin 15 without the upper end of the guide-pin fouling the skeleton frame 47. The skelton frame is hinged at the left-hand end on a horizontal pivot 53 to the top of the combined model and pattern-board carrier 25 and the frame can be swung upwardly about the said pivot if it is desired to remove the model from the frame or to substitute another therefor or for any other purpose. A stop 55 is provided on the carrier 25 to maintain the skeleton frame 47 in horizontal position during the normal operation of the machine. The skeleton frame 47 is provided with a number of slots, as seen in Fig. 2, extending through from its upper face to its lower face, some of the slots being arranged parallel with the guideways 19 on which the carriage 21 slides and others being parallel with the guideways 23 formed on the carriage itself on which the combined pattern board and model carrier 25 slides. Models of different sizes or shapes may be clamped successively to the skeleton frame by the bolts 51 which pass through the slots.

The heights at which the model 49 and pattern board 35 are respectively held on the model and pattern-board carrier are such that when the skelton frame is in its horizontal position the edge rosaesc" of a model 19 clamped thereto will make contact with the lateral face of the vertical guidepin if the carriage is moved toward the latter while the pattern board will project horizontah 1y between the punch '7 and die-block 9, as shown in Fig. 1.

The carriage 21 has projecting therefrom at the rear an arm 57 (Figs. 2 and 6) which extends parallel to the goose-neck arm 3 toward the right of the machine looking at the machine from the front and substantially level with the top of the goose-neck arm.

Near its right-hand end this arm is provided on its upper face with a short guideway 59 extending along the arm parallel to the goose-neck arm. This guideway is of dovetail section, as shown in Fig. 6, and receives within it two superposed slides 61 and 63. The upper slide 61 is shorter than the slide 63 beneath it and is adapted to be adjusted along it for a purpose hereinafter explained. The lower of the two slides 63 is also adjustable along the guideway for a purpose hereinafter explained and when it is so adjusted it is adapted to carry the upper slide with it by means of the adjusting mechanism between the slides. A trunnion 65 is mounted on a vertical pivot 67 on the upper slide and a rod 69 passes through the trunnion and is arranged to turn with and also to move endwise horizontally through the trunnion. This rod will hereinafter be called the width pantograph lever. The width pantograph lever extends horizontaly from the trunnion G5 forwardly of the machine over the goose-neck 3 and is there pivotally connected to a normally fixed but adjustable pivot pin 71 (see Fig. 2) which will. hereinafter be called the width pantograph center.

At point between the trunnion 65 and t .e width pantograph center 71 as seen in Fig. 2, the width pantograph lever is provided with a pin '73 which projects up from its upper face and this pin enters a hole formed in a boss on a cross member of a horizontal slide 75 (Figs. 1 and 2). hereafter termed the width slide, which is guided for movement in a direction parallel to the goose-neclc arm 3 on fixed guideways '77 attached to the top of the goose-neck arm. The width slide 75 is provided with rollers which en gage the fixed guideways on the top, bottom and sides thereof to prevent objectionable looseness in the mounting of the slide on the guideways and to guide the slide easily in its movements. The left-hand end of the width slide is operatively connected with the guide-pln aforesaid through the length grading apparatus, as will hereinafter be more fully explained.

The width pantograph center '31 comprises a block 79 which engages in a groove formed longitudinally of the width pantograph lever 69 (as shown in Fig. 2) and which can be adjusted along the groove and the block 79 is pivoted on a ver tical axis to an adjusting bar 81. This adjusting bar is mounted for sliding movement along a horizontal guideway in a fixed cross member 83 extending forwardly and rearwardly on the frame of the machine and at its end further from the pivoted block (its forward end) is pivotally connected at 85 to a grooved control lever 87 near one end thereof. The other end of this control lever 87 is pivoted (as hereinafter described) to a rack-oar 91 which is mounted to slide along a horizontal guide on the machine frame which is also arranged forwardly and rearwardly of the machine. The rack-bar 91 is provided with a ries of graduations thereon which can be. seen through an opening 92" in the said guide which co-operate with a fixed mark near the opening to indicate what adjustment of the rack-bar is necessary (in conjunction ith the setting of a rotary arm hereinafter described) to produce a predetermined difference in width between the pattern and model.

The adjustment of the rack-bar 91 is obtained by means of a pinion 93 (see Fig. 3) mounted on a vertical stem and provided at its upper end with a hand-nut 95. A spring pressed catch 97 (Fi 3) is provided on the rack-bar guideway to co-operate with notches the side of the rackbar to hold the latter in any position to which it has been adjusted and this catch is arranged near to the hand-nut on the spindle of the p nion so that the operator can, by depressing the hand-nut (which is slidable vertically down the spindle but is normally held at the top thereof by means of a spring 99), release the catch to free the rack-bar before he rotates the pinion to adjust the rack-bar. The control lever 37 as before indicated is grooved longitudinally and the pivotal connection of the control bar to the rack-bar comprises a vertical pin 101 secure to the rack-bar 91 and engaging in a block 103 slidably mounted in the groove. A second blocl: 105 is located in the groove in the control arm 87 between its ends and a pivot pin 10? joins th s block to a larger blo k: 109 above it. This larger block 109 (indicated only in Figs. 3 and 1) is arranged for adjustment in a guideway 111 extending in a member 113 paralle to the gooseneck arm 3 on the main frame and by moving it along its guideway or by adjusting the position of the rack-bar 91 the angular positionof the control arm 87 may be varied thereby varying the position of the width pantograph center '71.

The means for adjusting the larger block 199 along its guideway comprises a rotary arm 115 extending over the block and connected with it by means of a pin 117. The rotary arm 115 is secured to a short vertical shaft 119 on the ma n frame, which carries at its upper and lower ends hand-nuts 121 by which the arm can be rotated to move the larger block 199 along its guideway, the pin 11'? which connects the larger block 109 to the rotary arin being connected to a third block 123 which moves during the rotary move ments of the latter along a slot provided in the arm. The elements 165, 10"], 109, 117 and 123 are together equivalent to a single p vot mounted in slots in the superposed members 87, 113 and 115, and the parts are so arranged that this pivot pin and the pivot 85 will be coaxial at the left end of the slot 111 when the centers 71 and 73 are coaxial. The rotary arm 115 is adapted to move around an arcuate scale 125 which is provided with graduations to indicate what is the necessary position of the arm to co-operate with the adjustment of the rack-bar 91 to produce predetermined grading effect on the width of the model. Adjustable stops 12'? are provided on the arcuate scale 125 to limit the extent to wh ch the rotary arm 115 can swing in either d rection.

The rotary arm 115 is adapted to be set along the to a position in which it indicates grade to be produced on the width of the model, four different scales being arranged concentrically one around the other as shown best in Fig. 4. Each of the four scales is marked off to represent widths of models inches. The distances. between the graduation on one scale are, however, different from the distances beits tween the graduations on any other scale so that the four graduations f7, say, on the four scales will occupy four different positions along the arc so that, when grading a model seven inches wide, placing the arm 115 opposite the graduation '7 on any particular one of the scales will cause a desired grade to take place or by placing the arm 115 opposite the graduation '7 on another of the four scales a different grade will be obtained and conveniently the four scales are so proportioned that a grade of one sixteenth, one twelfth, one eighth, or one sixth of an inch can be obtained on the width of a model as desired by placing the arm 115 opposite the graduation representing the width of the model on the appropriate scale.

To efiect grading successive sizes from the same model, at the same increment per size, the rackbar 91 is adjusted by means of its graduations which run symmetrically from its middle toward its ends. When it is set at zero the lever 87 is parallel to the goose-neck arm, irrespective of the position of the lever 115. The model can thus be reproduced 1:1 either by settting the lever 87 in this manner, 01' by setting the lever 115 way over to the left, irrespective of the position of the rack-bar 91, to put the pivot 85 under the slot 111, as already mentioned.

By the adjusting mechanism just described the width pantograph center can be caused to move from one side to the other of the point of connection 73 between the width slide and the width pantograph lever. This arrangement provides means whereby the direction of the movement of the Width slide may be caused to take place in the same direction as or in the opposite direction to the movement of the model carriage along its guideways 1'? according as to whether the pantograph mechanism is to be set to produce a larger pattern than that of the model or vice versa.

From the foregoing description it will be understood that if the carriage 21 moves on the guideways 19 toward or away from the guide-pin the width pantograph lever will oscillate about the pantograph center 71 and may therefore cause a parallel movement of the Width slide '75 and of the guide-pin 15 connected thereto. By adjusting the width pantograph center from one side to the other of the pivotal connection 73 between the width slide and the pantograph lever the direction of movement of the width slide for a given direction of movement of the width pantograph lever can be reversed, and by so adjusting the pantograph center '71 that it lies on the axis of the pin '73 the pantograph lever may oscillate about the pivot '71 without causing any movement of the width slide '75.

A second and separate pantograph device is provided for moving the guide-pin in a direction at right angles to the goose-neck arm in order to. obtain the desired grading efifect on the length of the pattern. This second pantograph will hereafter be called the length pantograph. The length pantograph comprises an oscillatory lever 129 which is generally similar in construction to the width pantograph lever before described and this oscillatory lever will hereinafter be termed the length pantograph lever.

This length pantograph lever is connected at I one end with the combined model and pattern board carrier 25 in such a manner that the said end partakes of those movements of the carrier which have a component of movement in a direction at right angles to the goose-neck arm but does not partake of those which take place in a direction parallel to the said goose-neck arm. For this purpose the said end of the length pantograph lever 129 passes through horizontal trunnioned bearing 131 which is moimted on the upper slide 188 of two slides 188, 190 similar to the slides 61, 63, respectively, in a trolley 133 arranged to travel along a guide bar 135 secured to the left-hand end of the width slide '75 (as shown in Figures 1 and 2) and extending horizontally in a direction perpendicular to the gooseneck arm. The trolley 133 is not secured to the carrier 25 but it carries two depending pins of which one is shown at 137 in Figure 2 having rollers mounted thereon and these rollers engage in a groove provided in a member 139 secured to the combined model and pattern board carrier 25, the said groove extending parallel to the goose-neck arm. By this arrangement the trolley 133 is constrained to move along its guide bar when the carrier moves in a direction having a component of movement perpendicular to the goose-neck arm but it can remain stationary (due to the roller and groove arrangement aforesaid) when the carrier moves in a direction parallel to the goose-neck arm. The horizontal trunnion 131 is adjustable along the trolley 133 by adjustment of its upper slide carrying the trunnion for a purpose similar to that of the adjustment between the slides 61 and 63 for the trunnion 65 and hereinafter described. The other end of the length pantograph lever is pivoted on an adjustable pivot 141 hereinafter termed the length pantograph centre which is carried upon the width slide 75. The means for adjusting the length pantograph centre comprises a slide 1 13 corresponding to the slide 81 on which the centre is mounted and which is adapted to be moved along a guideway 145 arranged in the width slide '75 parallel to the gooseneck arm, the centre moving meanwhile along a groove formed longitudinally in the length pantograph lever and having a block 14'? mounted on it to engage the sides of said groove as seen in Figure 2. The means for causing the slide 143 to move along its guideway comprises an angularly adjustable lever 1 19 to which the slide 143 is connected and which is arranged to operate in a manner similar to that of the angugularly adjustable lever 8'7 already described in connection with the width pantograph lever. The angularly adjustable lever 149 is grooved longitudinally on its lower and upper faces and receives within said grooves two blocks 151 and 153 spaced along the lever the block 151 being also movable along a guideway 155 on the width slide 75 arranged parallel to the goose-neck arm by means or" a rack 157 corresponding to the rack 91 and a pinion rotatable by a hand nut 159.

The other block 153 is pivoted to another block movable along a guideway 161 mounted on the width slide '75 perpendicular to the goose-neck arm and is controlled by still another block in a guideway in a rotary bell crank arm 163 moving around an arcuate scale 165 provided with adjustable stops. Each of the blocks 151, 153 can be moved along its respective guideway to a desired extent in a manner similar to that described with reference to the adjustment of the width pantograph centre. bell crank in order to put its scale 165 in convenient position.

At a point between the trunnion 131 for the length pantograph lever and the opposite end of said lever (but nearer to the latter) the lever The arm 163 is formed as a i.

has a pivotal connection 167 with an auxiliary carrier 169 (hereinafter called the length slide) which is mounted to move along a guide 171 fixed to the width slide '75 so as to move with the latter. The guide 171 is arranged on the width slide at right angles to the goose-neck arm and in such a position on the width slide that the length slide 169 moves, during the movements of the model and pattern board carrier, over the top of the punch '7.

The guide pin 15 is adjustably mounted in a disc 173 (hereinafter more fully described) which disc is carried on the length slide 169 (as shown in Figures 2, 3 and 5) near the forward end thereof (viewing the machine, from thefront) so as to move with the length slide in its movements along its guide and also to be carried with the width slide during the movements thereof.

From the description thus far given it will be clear that the illustrative machine comprises a unitary model and pattern-board carrier 25 which is arranged for movement in two paths at right angles and that a pantograph mechanism is provided for translating movement of the carrier in one of the said paths into a movement of a guide pin 15 in a parallel path and that a second independent pantograph mechanism is provided for translating movement of the carrier in the other of said paths into movement of the guide pin parallel to the said other path. The said movements of the guide-pin are, as described, adjustable to produce dilferent grading effects in the pattern reproduced from a model. It is also possible to adjust each of the said pantograph mechanisms (by adjusting the positions of their centres) independently of the other so as to vary the width or length only of the pattern.

The mechanism thus far described is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 7. In this figure no attempt has been made to preserve details of construction or relative dimensions, and parts which overlie others have been moved to one side for the sake of clearness. Slideways are shown by two parallel lines, on both sides of the corresponding slides. Pivots are indicated by small circles, in some instances located at the sides of the axes of the pivotal members swinging them. The moving frames are indicated by lines, and the slideways which connect them to main frame are so marked. Set screws have been indicated on the slides at 59, 63, and 158, 193, to show that these sliding members are adjustable, though normally not sliding in operation.

It possible (for example while working along a curve), to produce a desired change in grade in. the direction of the width or length of the pattern in the course of the cutting of a pattern. This efiected by changing the adjustment of one or both of the rotary arms 115 and 163 to the desired extent at the desired time. This operation may sometimes be simplified by approv.Nely setting the two adjustable stops aforesaid in either of the arcuate scales 125 or 165 and by rotating the rotary arm associated with the arcuate scale between. the two stops, when desired, to adjust the position of the pantograph centre as previously described in order to vary the grading effect produced by the pantograph. order that the rotary may, if desired, be moved past the stops each rotary is provided h pivoted abutment 175 (see particularly 1) which is adapted normally to lie in path of the said stops so as to abut against one or other of them to arrest the movement of there-around as the slide moves.

the arm and this abutment is provided with a finger piece by which the operator may lift the abutment about its pivot 177 to allow it to clear the stop.

An adjustment in the position of one of the;

will move the guide pin relatively to the carriage 25. Although such a movement of the guide pin is not undesirable in every case, where a change of grade is desired it will nevertheless in certain other cases prevent the best results being obtained in the graded pattern unless it is corrected.

Means is provided in the illustrated machine to enable such a correction of the guide pin pos t to be made simply and quickly when desired. For this purpose one indicator 179 (see, Figure 2) is arranged on the width slide '75 and another indicator 181 is arranged on the length slide 169 by which the extent of the disturbance in position of the guide pin due to. adjustment in position of the width or length pantograph centre is indicated. Each of these indicators comprises as shown 'in Figure 2 a graduated disc moving with its respective slide and having an indicating hand adapted to travel The indicating hand is mounted at theupper end of a vertical spindle passing through the disc and having upon its lower end a pinion which meshes with a fixed horizontal rack on the main frame in the case of the indicator 179 and on the guide 1'11 in the case of the indicator 181. By observing the reading on the indicating disc on the length or width slide (according as to whether an adjustment is to be made in the position of the length or width pantograph centre) before and after the adjustment is actually made an indication may be obtained of the change in position of the guide pin occasioned by the adjustment of the centre. The correction for this movement is made by adjusting the trunnion bearing 131 or 65 along its, carrier to cause a swinging movement of the corresponding pantograph lever about its centre 141 or '71 in a direction to restore the guide pin to its original position as indicated by the indicator disc after the adjustment of thepantograph centre has been made. The means for shifting the position of each trunnion bearing comprises a rotary hand wheel 183 mounted on the top of the combined model and pattern board carrier 25 and connected with the ends of two pairs of Bowden wire cables 185 and 187 the other ends of each pair being connected to opposite sides of one of the trunnion bearings in such a manner that rotation of the hand wheel 183 can cause the trunnion hearings to move along their slides. In the case of the trunnion bearing 65 the sleeve of the cable is fast to the slide 63 and the two wires are fastened to the ends of the slide 61, the further wire running over a little pulley 184 mounted on the slide 63. In the case of the short relatively rotatable vertical shaft 189 carrythe width pantograph lever.

ing at its lower end in a casing 191 below the hand wheel a small pinion 289 which engages with a horizontal rack 290 mounted on a slide 291 also arranged in the casing 191. The slideway 293 in which the rack moves is a diametral groove in a drum 295 integral with the hand wheel 183 and may be turned in the casing 191 thereby. This rack slide 291 carries a depending pin 29'? normally coaxial with the shaft 189, which passes downwardly through a slot 192 formed in the cross bar of a cruciform slide member 193 below the casing 191, the unslotted arm of which is adapted to move in a direction parallel to the goose-neck arm and has attached to each of its ends one wire of the pair of wire cables 185 which are connected at their other ends to the slide 61 for the trunnion bearing for The depending pin extends downwardly through the said slot 192 into a slot 299 arranged at right angles to the slot 192 in the cross bar of a second cruciform member indicated at 195, the unslotted arm of which is adapted to move in a direction perpendicular to the goose neck arm and this second cruciform member has attached to each of its ends one wire of the pair of wire cables 18'? which are connected at their other ends to the slide 188 for the trunnion bearing 131 for the length pantograph lever. As shown in Figures 1 and 2 the wire 187 which is connected to the forward end of the member 195 passes upwardly around a pulley 197 to its point of connection with the member. The wires connected to the slide 193 run around four idler pulleys 301. The short vertical shaft 189 which carries at its lower end the pinion aforesaid has a handle 199 at the upper end thereof by which the shaft may be rotated within the hand wheel 183 to move the rack slide aforesaid to an extent indicated by a scale on the top of the hand wheel 183. Adjustable stops (not shown) are provided around the scale which may be secured thereto at desired positions and between which the handle 199 can be rotated when desired to adjust the positions of the trunnion bearings between predetermined limits and not merely in response to needs shown by said indicators 1'79, 181. The said rack slide as above stated, is mounted to rotate with the hand I wheel 183 (when the latter is rotated) and when the hand wheel has turned the rack into a position parallel to the goose-neck, the rack slide will cause the depending pin to move the cruciform member 193, (the depending pin moving idly meanwhile. along the slot in the member 195) thereby effecting an adjustment of one trunnion bearing and when the handwheel occupies another position at right angles to the position last mentioned,'movement of the rack slide will cause the depending pin to move the member 195 (the depending pin moving then idly along the slot in the member 193) thereby effecting an adjustment of the other trunnion bearing. At a po sition between the two positions just mentioned movement of the rack slide will cause a movement of both cruciform members and therefore of both trunnion bearings resulting in an adjustment of the guide pin along both the width and the length slides.

The arrangement of the cruciform members and of the movable trunnion bearings while as just described available to meet needs for correction, as shown by said indicators 1'79, 181, is however also particularly useful for restricting, when desired, the grading effect produced by the machine. By means of the handle 199 the positions of the trunnion bearings may be adjusted to give the desired amount of restriction and by rotating the hand wheel 183 as the model travels around the guide pin so that the depending pin on the rack slide moves the adjusting member 193 for the trunnion bearing 65 of the width pantograph lever or the adjusting member 195 for the trunnion bearing 131 of the length pantograph lever or both (according to whether the width or length of the model is being graded at the moment or whether the machine is operating around a curve) the correct restriction will be transferred to the pattern therearound. For example, suppose that the pin depending from therack-bar has been moved a distance, (1, off center by the shaft 189, while the slotted crossed slides are in their neutral positions as regards rotation (parallel to the length and width of the pattern). Suppose the pin then to be revolved by the hand wheel 183 and its associated parts. It will travel in a circle of radius a, and will impart to the crossed cruciform slides movements proportional to the sine and cosine of the angle through which it revolves. Movements proportional to these movements will be imparted to the control slides (61 and its analogous slide at the end of the width pantograph lever 129130), and the model guide 15 will thereby be carried around in a circle. If then the rotation of the hand wheel 183 follows substantially the angular swing of the tangent to the edge of the model at the point in contact with the model guide 15, a uniform grade restriction will be produced around the edge of the work during the time the apparatus is made eifective by the operator. Stating the matter somewhat more technically, the pin on the rackbar will impart to the cruciform slides and the control slides two simple harmonic motions at right angles to each other, and differing 90 in phase, and the composition of two such motions of equal amplitudes (for which the machine is designed) is a circular motion. To enable the hand wheel to be rotated at the correct times and for the correct amounts to adjust the trunnion bearings correctly the disc 173 in which the guide pin is mounted is arranged on a rotatable member 201 as hereinafter described which rotatable member is coupled to the hand wheel 183 as will appear, to be rotated thereby in the same direction as the hand wheel and for the same angular distance. The disc 1'78 has a slot 208 formed radially therein. By turning the hand wheel to maintain the slot 203 constantly perpendicular to the edge of the model the desired restriction will be correctly transferred from the length to the width pantograph (or vice versa) at the proper time. However when operating around a curve the movements of the cruciform members will automatically vary the restrictions (if the circumstances call for the same) to give the correct resultant of the width and length restrictions. Means is also provided in the illustrated machine whereby a seam (or like) allowance may be added to a graded pattern. For this purpose the guide pin 15 is made adjustable on its carrier. The guide pin is carried at the upper end of a vertical stud which passes through the slot 203 in the member 1'73 and the stud has secured to it at its lower end a pinion (not shown) meshing with a horizontal rack 205, see Figure 5, secured to the member 1'73. The guide pin may be moved along the slot 208 by rotation of a knurled nut 20'? which is provided on the stud just below the guide pin whereby the stud can be rotated to cause it to carry the guide along the slot (by means of the rack and pinion engagement) to a position in which it is situated more or less eccentlically or the axis of the member 173. A circular scale 209 is mounted on the stud to rotate with it to give an indication oi th eccentric setting of the guide pin at any time. Adjustable stops 211 and 213 are provided on the member 173 to limit the extent of adjustability of the guide pin along the slot 283. The member 173 is arranged to be rotated on ball bearings about its axis has provided on i a drum like member 215 (forming part of the member 201) to which are secured the ends of a third pair of flexible wire cables 21'? the opposite ends of this third pair being wound on the drum 295 which may be turned by the hand wheel 183 so that rotation of the hand wheel causes a corresponding and equal rotation of the 1'73. By this means it is possible to adjust the guide pin along its slot in the disc to give a desired allowance and by turning the hand wheel 183 while working around a to maintain the desired allowance correctly any part of the pattern irrespecive of any change in curvature in the shape of the model. This is achieved so turning the hand wheel 183 that the slot 283 along which the guide pin be adj ted will remain perpendicular to the of 'ne model as the latter is in around the guide-pin in contact with it. The pin on the rack slide will ordinarily be in its central position during such an operation.

times during the movement of the cor oined. model and pattern board carrier the width pantograph lever 69 may occupy such a position that is (when the lever is in this make a change in the position of 2h centre (and therefore effect a change .uced by movements of the lever) arcing the positc-n of guide pin. t e said position the pantograph lever lies in direction of movement of the arries the width pantograph centre '71 ent e he moved along the groove r i lever without disturbing the po n or the lever. A slot 215} (or as shown a es of slots in alignment) is provided in siie eton model holder vich is parallel to the 9 the latter occupies the position slot is so placed on the pattern line lies in the same verice the said position.

Wei should wish to grade a part (say "nple a bar or tongue of a shoe vainp) a proportional amount that he has used around the re o the model, he can secure the model del carrier s; so that median line aalte an in the panto produce the desire when guide pin he said part and when 11 r aches a point on the other of the p position to the pc t he e rea wirr' a e. m L m N en ine. au uctniciit without ts he has made will disturb the relation of that part to the pattern he is cutting. v

Also it is possible without difficulty to produce similar changes in the grading effect at to points on a model which are located equidistantly on opposite sides of the centre line of the slot it being only necessary at each point (in addition toadjusting the pantograph centre to give the desired result) to adjust the respective trunnion bearing to correct the position of the guide pin which would be disturbed by the change in grade (as hereinbefore indicated) the amounts of restriction necessary at the two points being of equal amounts. by placing an edge or" a model beneath the centre line of the slot 219 it is possible to obtain a change in grade widthwise of that edge by making m rely an adjustment in the posi tien or" the width pantograph centre. In case the model should be so large that it cannot be proper- 1y positioned on the model carrier with respect to the slot 219 a second series of slots 221 parallel to the slots 219 may be arranged on the model holder further from the pivot for the model holder on the combined model. and pattern board carrier. Provision is made for moving the trunnion bearing of the width pantograph lever along the guideway 59 to an extent equal to the distance between the two series of slots 219 and 221 so that when the centre line of the slots 221 lies above the the width pantograph lever will be in line with the adjustable link 81 carrying the pantograph centre.

This adjustment of the trunnion bearing is effected by a movement of ti e low r slide 63 of the two slides 61, 63 on which the trunnion bearing mounted and it can he moved along its guideway and to carry the trunnion bearing with it an. amount equal to the distance (indicated by the marks 223 on the member 5?) between the slots and 221 a spring-pressed pin indicated at 225, Fleur 6, engaging holes guideway provided to hold the slide in one position or the other. To allow the length pantograph centre 141 to be adjusted without disturbing the position oi the guide pin a series of slots 22'? is likewise provided on the skeleton model holder perpendicular to the slots aforesaid the centre line or" which will lie in the same plane the of the punch when the length pantograph lever is in line with the adiustable lint: 143 carrying thlength pantograph centre 1. e. when a change grade be made on the ength panttical. pivot 231011 the combined model and pattern '3 and the said lever is adapted to be swung about pivot to the jaws to an operative po. ion beneath the skeleton frame from normally inop tive position (remote from the opera ing loca". .ty) indicated in chain in Figure 2, When a pattern 234 has been out from the pattern board may be clamped between t e jaws when the latter are in their nor-- mally inoperative position (as indicated in Figu 'e 2) and swung by a handle 233 connected lines at 229 loo with the jaw-carrying lever 232 into position over the remaining part of the pattern board near to the punch to indicate to the operator what adjustment of the pattern board is necessary to allow another similar pattern to be cut therefrom.

It is possible, by making the guide pin 15 movable, to substitute pins of varying thickness for the guide pin in the machine at any time in order to add to or subtract from the, area of the pattern a strip of constant width in the manner well known in the art.

The robust construction of the arms 8 and 5 eliminates to a large extent the possibility of the pLmch-carrying arm 3 springing away from the work if the latter should be of hard material such as metal. In fact the various parts of the machine have been so designed as to allow it not only to operate on relatively soi metals such as zinc but also on relatively hard and long-wearing metals such as that commercially known as charcoal iron or other sheet iron.

Although sheet iron has hitherto been considered very useful material for making patterns, no pattern grading machine has hitherto (as far as is known) been able to work directly on such material on account of its hardness.

In order that the illustrative machine shall'be capable of operating on sheet iron, not only is the punch-carrying head made specially robust but other parts of the machine have likewise been made specially strong and rigid. For example, the pantograph mechanisms have been made of strong and generous proportions to take care of the strains imposed on them by the increased pressure with which the operator of the machine consciously ,or unconsciously urges the model against the guide pin when the machine is operating on sheet iron. Further the pattern-material and model carrier has been designed to be of such strength as not to allow the pattern material clamps and. the skeleton model-carrier to spring laterally relatively to each other. The punch has also been given a relatively long stroke so that the sheet metal may be fed forward a distance more nearly equal to (though still considerably less than) the diameter of the punch while the punch is out of the work than it could be if its stroke were short. This found to be helpful in allowing the punching operation to be efiected cleanly as it is found that a very short feed of the work between the reciprocations of the punch tends to cause the edge of the pattern being cut to be bent downwardly. Conveniently when the illustrative machine is being used for operating on sheet metal, say one sixteenth of an inch thick, the stroke of the punch is such that it rises approximately five sixteenths of an inch above the upper face of the work and the speed of rotation of the punch shaft may conveniently be two thousand revolutions per minute. It is also found that a blunt ended punch one eighth of an inch. diameter is suitable for the operation.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. In a pattern copying machine, four primary instrumentalities, namely, a model holder, a work holder, a model guide and a tool, mechanisms interconnecting them for pantographically reproducing a model in a work piece, said pantographic mechanism being adjustable to vary the magnification factor, means for measuring a relative movement between a plurality of the said primary instrumentalities due to a change in the magnification factor efiected by said adjustment during the production of a work piece, and means for compensating for such relative movement.

2. In a pattern copying machine, four primary instrumentalities, namely, a model holder, a work holder, a model guide and a tool, mechanism interconnecting them for pantographically reproducing a model in a work piece, said pantographic mechanism being adjustable to vary the manifi cation factors in length and width independently, means for indicating the amount of relative movement between two of the said primary instrumentalities due to a change in a magnification factor effected by said adjustment during the production of a work piece, and means for compensat ing for such relative movement.

3. In a pattern copying machine, four primary instrumentalities, namely, a model holder, 2. work holder, a model guide and a tool, and means including a pantograph lever connecting a plurality of them for pantographically reproducing a model in a work piece, one fulcrum of the lever being adjustable along the lever to vary the pantographic advantage of the lever, and means for moving the lever about one of its operative fulcra to compensate for any relative movement among the primary instrumentalities produced by the adjustment of the said adjustable fulcrum.

4. In a pattern copying machine, four primary instrumentalities, namely, a model holder, a work holder, a model guide and a tool, and means including a pantograph lever connecting a plurality of them for pantcgraphically reproducing a model in a work piece, one fulcrum of the lever being adjustable along the lever to vary the pantographic advantage of the lever, and means for moving the lever to compensate for any relative movement among the primary instrumentalities produced by the adjustment of the said adjustable fulcrum.

5. In a pattern copying machine, four primary instrumentalities, namely, a model holder, a work holder, a model guide and a tool, and means including a pantograph lever connecting a plurality of them for pantographically reproducing a model in a work piece, one fulcrum of the lever being adjustable along the lever to vary the pantographic advantage of the lever, and another fulcrum of the lever being adjustable to compensate for relative movement of the primary instrumentalities due to an adjustment of the firstnamed fulcrum.

6. In a pattern copying machine, four primary instrumentalities, namely, model holder, a work holder, a model guide and a tool, and means including a pantograph lever connecting a plurality of them for pantographically reproducing a model in a work piece, one fulcrum of the l ver being adjustable along the lever to vary the pantographic advantage of the lever, and another fulcrum of the lever being adjustable in a direction transverse to the lever to compensate for relative movement of the primary instrumentalities due to an adjustment of the first-named fulcrum.

'7. In a pattern copying machine, four primary instrumentalities, namely. a model holder, a work holder, a model guide and a tool, connections between said primary instrumentalities, comprising a slide and a pantograph lever fulcrumed upon said slide, for pantographically reproducing a model in a work piece, a second fulcrum of said lever being adjustable to vary the pantographic advantage of the lever, and means for adjusting the third fulcrum of the lever in a direction parallel to: the direction of movement of said slide to compensate for a relative movement of a plurality of said primary instrumentalities due .to an adjustment of the second fulcrum.

8. In a pattern copying machine, four primary instrumentalities, namely, a model holder, a work holder, a 'model guide and a tool, two pantographic mechanisms connecting them for pantographically reproducing a model in a work piece in length and breadth independently, said mechanisms being adjustable to vary the pantographic magnification factors thereof, a compensating mechanism for each pantographic mechanism for compensating for relative movement of the primary instrumentalities due to such adjustment of the corresponding pantographic mechanism, and a single member for operating said compensating mechanisms. I

9. hi a pattern copying machine, four primary instrumentalities, namely, a model holder, a work holder, a model guide and a tool, means including a pantograph lever connecting them, one fulcrum of said lever being adjustable along the lever to vary the pantograpl'nc advantages of the lever, and a-slide running generally transversely to the lever and carrying a second fulcrum thereof, said slide being adjustable to compensate for relative movement of the primary instrumentalities due to change in adjustment or" the first-named fulcrum.

10. In a pattern copying machine, four primary instrumentalities, namely, a model holder, a work holder, a model guide and a tool, means including a pantograph lever connecting them, one fulcrum of said lever being adjustable along the lever to vary the pantographic advantage of the lever, a slide running generally transversely to the lever and carrying a second fulcrum thereof, and means for adjusting the slide to compensate for relative movement of the primary instrumentalities due to change in adjustment of the firstnamed fulcrum.

11. In a pattern copying machine, four primary instrumentalities, namely, a model holder, a work holder, a model guide and a tool, means including two pantograph levers connecting them, one fulcrum of each of said levers being adjustable along its lever to vary the pantographic advantage of that lever, slides arranged to move generally transversely to the axes of the levers respectively, on which second fulcrums of the levers are respectively mounted, and a single means for moving the slides.

12. In a pattern copy ng machine, four primary instrumentalities, namely, a model holder, a work holder, a model guide and a tool, means including two pantograph levers connecting them, one fulcrum of each of said levers being adjustable along its lever to vary the pantographic advantage of that lever, slides arranged to move generally transversely to the axes of the levers respectively, on which second fulcrums of the levers are respectively mounted, and a single means comprising flexible connections for moving the slides.

- fulcrum of each of said levers being adjustable along its lever to vary the pantographic advantage of that lever, slides arranged to move generally transversely to the axes of the levers respectively, on which second fulcrums of the levers are respectively mounted, and a control member arranged to impart simultaneous simple harmonic motions to said slides.

14. In a pattern copying machine, four primary instrumentalities, namely, a model holder, a work holder, a model guide and a tool, means including two pantograph levers connecting them, one fulcrum of each of said levers being adjustable along its lever to vary the pantographic advantage of that lever, slides arranged to move generally transversely to the axes of the levers respectively, on which second fulcrums of the levers are respectively mounted, and a control arranged to displace said slides by amounts proportional to the cosines of the angles which the edge of the model pattern at the point being reproduced makes with the directions respectively in which said pantograph levers grade.

15. In a pattern copying machine, four primary instrumentalities, namely, a model holder, a work holder, a model guide and a tool, means including two pantograph levers connecting them and operating in length and width independently, one fulcrum of each of said levers being adjustable along its lever to vary the pantographic advantage of that lever, slides arranged to move generally transversely to the axes of the levers respectively, on which second fulcrums of the levers are respectively mounted, two slotted cross slides connected respectively with the first-mentioned slides and arranged to transmit movement to them, and a revoluble pin located in the slots for moving the crossed slides.

16. In a pattern copying machine, four primary instrumentalities, namely, amodel holder, a work holder, a model guide and a tool, means including two pantograph levers connecting them, one fulcrum or" each of said levers being adjustable along its lever to vary the pantographic advantage of that lever, slides arranged to move generally transversely to the axes of the levers respectively, on which second fulcrums of the levers are respectively mounted, two slotted crossed slides connected respectively with the first mentioned slides and arranged to transmit movement to them, and a circularly revoluble pin located in the slots for moving the crossed slides.

17. In a pattern copying machine, four primary instrumentalities, namely, a model holder, a work holder, a model guide and a tool, means including two pantograph levers connecting them, one fulcrum of each of said levers being adjustable along its lever to vary the pantographic advantage of that lever, slides arranged to move generally transversely to the axes of the levers respectively, on which second fulcrums of the levers are respectively mounted, two slotted crossed slides connected respectively with the first-mentioned slides and arranged to transmit movement to them, a circularly revoluble pin located in the slots for moving the crossed slides, and means for varying the radius of revolution of the pin.

18. In a pattern copying machine, four primary instrumentalities, namely, a model holder, a work holder, a model guide and a tool, means including two pantograph levers connecting them, one fulcrum of each of said levers being adjustable along its lever to vary the pantographic advantage of that lever, slides arranged to move generally transversely to the axes of the levers respectively, on which second fulcrums of the levers are respectively mounted, two slotted crossed slides connected respectively with the first-mentioned slides and arranged to transmit movement to them, a pin located in the slots in the crossed slides, a rotatable member on which said pin is eccentrically mounted, whereby said pin may be moved to impart displacements to the slides proportional to the sine and cosine respectively of the angle through which the pin has been revolved by the rotating member, and mechanism indicating the orientation of said rotatable member whereby a certain radius of the rotatable member may be maintained parallel to the edge of the model at the point being reproduced.

19. In a pattern copying machine, four primary instrumentalities, namely, a model holder, a Work holder, a model guide and a tool, means including two pantograph levers connecting them, one fulcrum of each of said levers being adjustable along the axis of itslever to vary the pantographic advantage of that lever, slides arranged to move generally transversely to the axes of the levers respectively, on which second fulcrums of the levers are respectively mounted, two slotted crossed slides connected respectively with the first-mentioned slides and arranged to transmit movement to them, a pin located in the slots in the crossed slides, a rotatable member on which restate 20. In a pattern copying machine, four primary instrumentalities, namely, a model holder, a work holder, a model guide and a tool, and a member rotatable in a plane parallel to the plane of the model, and having a slot in which the model guide is adjustably mounted, whereby any displacement of the model guide in the slot may be kept perpendicular to the edge of the model at the point in contact with the model guide.

21. In a pattern copying machine, a pantograph lever having an adjustable fulcrum to vary the rate of grade efiected by the lever, and means for adjusting said fulcrum comprising two inde-- pendently adjustable members, the first of which determines directly a certain grade per unit of length travel along a model and the second of which determines successive simple multiples of the grade determined by the first.

22. In a pattern copying machine, a pant-o graph lever having an adjustable fulcrum to vary the rate of grade effected by the lever, and an adjusting lever effecting such adjustment of the said fulcrum, said lever having one of its fulcra connected to the said adjustable fulcrum and having its other two fulcra independently adjustable, the adjustment of one of said fulcra deter mining a certain grade per inch of travel along the model, and the adjustment of the second of said fulcra determining a multiple of said grade corresponding to the number of sizes the machine is grading away from the model.

THOMAS AUBREY KESTELL.

lit

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 1,953,236. April 3, 1934.

THOMAS AUBREY KESTELL.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 9, line 103, claim 15, for cross" read crossed; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 19th day of June, A. l). 1934.

Bryan M. Battey (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.

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