US1951150A - Gas conduction device - Google Patents

Gas conduction device Download PDF

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Publication number
US1951150A
US1951150A US483949A US48394930A US1951150A US 1951150 A US1951150 A US 1951150A US 483949 A US483949 A US 483949A US 48394930 A US48394930 A US 48394930A US 1951150 A US1951150 A US 1951150A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
anode
gas
housing
lamp
anodes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US483949A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
William J Hitchcock
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE371407D priority Critical patent/BE371407A/xx
Priority claimed from US373632A external-priority patent/US1794283A/en
Priority to US438669A priority patent/US1984483A/en
Priority to GB17288/30A priority patent/GB354452A/en
Priority to FR697838D priority patent/FR697838A/fr
Priority to US483949A priority patent/US1951150A/en
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to FR40029D priority patent/FR40029E/fr
Priority to GB26481/31A priority patent/GB389157A/en
Priority to FR40808D priority patent/FR40808E/fr
Publication of US1951150A publication Critical patent/US1951150A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/70—Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure < 400 Torr
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
    • H01J17/02—Details
    • H01J17/04—Electrodes; Screens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/067—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0672—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the construction of the electrode

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electric discharge devices containing a gas or vapor and in particular to lamps of the positive column type wherein luminosity is produced by the conduetion of electricity through an attenuated gas.
  • Fig. 2 is an elevation partly in section on a larger scale of the anodes and anode housings, the latter being in part broken away
  • Fig. 3 is a fragmental detail view of a modification.
  • the lamp illustrated comprises an elongated sealed envelope 1 consisting of glass, silica or other suitable transparent material.
  • the envelope contains a suitable gas filling whereby luminosity is produced upon passage of current, such, for example, as neon, helium, argon, nitrogen or appropriate mixtures of such gases as well understood.
  • a suitable gas filling such as neon, helium, argon, nitrogen or appropriate mixtures of such gases as well understood.
  • I have employed, for example, a filling oi neon, at a pressure of about one millimeter of mercury.
  • the lamp is provided with a thermionic cathode comprising a shell 2 and a heater 3, the latter being heated by current supplied by the conductors 4, 5 which are sealed into a stem 6.
  • anodes 8 9 which preferably consist of graphite or other rough surfaced material, or which may consist of metal such as nickel or tungsten. These anodes are respectively'carried by conductors 10, 11, which are sealed through glass stems 12, 13 in the usual way.
  • housings 14, 15, Surrounding the anodes respectively 8 and 9 and closely spaced thereto are housings 14, 15, which, as shown in Fig. 2, are provided with restricted openings 16, 17 respectively.
  • the housings 14, may consist of any suitable material so such as nickel, iron or non-metallic material of low vapor pressure, such as mica.
  • the opening thereto should be of such size, ordinarily not materially in excess of ten mils diameter, that the discharge can pass through the opening to as the anode without any harmful dissipation of energy due to the development of a positive space charge but should be small enough to prevent the entry into the space surrounding the anodes within the housing of any appreciable number. of 7c metastable atoms, which are formed in the gas through which the discharge passes between the electrodes. As shown in Fig.
  • the passage of metastable atoms through the opening in the anode housing may be still further reduced by providing a baflie plate 19 in front of the opening 20 so that the discharge from the anode 21 to another electrode would have to pass through a circuitous path through the opening 20 and around the baflle plate 19.
  • the length of the envelope between the juxtaposed extremities of the cathodes and anodes being about 18 inches and the inside diameter of the tubular envelope being about 1 inch
  • the operating voltage of such a lamp including auxiliary resistances being about 110 volts, 1
  • housings of mil nickel sheet material have provided in the housings an orifice, such as shown at 16, 17 of Fig. 2, of 12 mils diameter.
  • the diameter of the orifice is materially less than the diameter of the housing.
  • the value of E across the ballast comprising the drop at the shield orifice and the series resistance combined being less than in the case of an ohmic resistance alone used as shown in Fig. 1..
  • the drawing shows for illustrative purposes an operating circuit for a gas discharge device, this circuit including the main transformer 23 as diagrammatically indicated.
  • the anodes are connected by conductors 24, 25 across the terminals of the primary winding of this transformer.
  • the anode circuits 24, 25 contain series resistances 26, 27.
  • the cathode is connected to secondary winding 28 by the conductors 29, 30 whereby a low voltage current is furnished to maintain the heater 3 at an operating temperature.
  • the shell 2 of the cathode is connected by the conductors 30, 31, 82 to a neutral point on the transformer 23 in series with an electromagnet 33.
  • this electromagnet When this electromagnet is energized and its armature is drawn down a circuit is broken in a mercury switch 34 which is connected to the anode circuit 24. through a resistance 35.
  • the breaking of the circuit in the mercury switch impresses a high inductive voltage upon a lamp and causes it to start, this operation of a mercury starting switch being well understood.
  • An electric e lamp comprising an elongated sealed envelope, a filling of a fixed gas therein at a pressure or the order of a millimeter of mercury, electrodes therein spaced apart such distance in said gas that a positive column discharge can be operated therebetween, a housing surrounding an electrode which is adapted to operate alternately as an anode and as a negatively charged inactive electrode, said housing having a single orifice of the order of ten mils diameter.
  • An electric discharge device comprising a sealed envelope, a fixed gas therein at a pressure of the order of a millimeter of mercury, a cathode, a cooperating electrode operating normally as anode, and a housing surrounding said anode, said housing being provided with an opening having a diameter materially less than the diameter of said housing.
  • a positive column lamp comprising a sealed envelope, a charge of a fixed gas therein at a pressure of the order of a millimeter of mercury, a thermionic cathode, an anode, and a housing surrounding said anode, said housing being substantially completely enclosed except for a restricted orifice.
  • An electric lamp comprising an elongated tubular envelope, a filling of a fixed gas therein at a pressure of about one millimeter of mercury, a thermionic cathode located at one end of said envelope, an anode located at the opposite end of said envelope, 2, housing closely surrounding said anode except for a restricted opening, and a battle plate interposed between said opening and said cathode.

Landscapes

  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)
US483949A 1929-06-25 1930-09-23 Gas conduction device Expired - Lifetime US1951150A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE371407D BE371407A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1929-06-25
US438669A US1984483A (en) 1929-06-25 1930-03-25 Electric gaseous discharge device
GB17288/30A GB354452A (en) 1929-06-25 1930-06-04 Improvements in and relating to electric discharge rectifiers
FR697838D FR697838A (fr) 1929-06-25 1930-06-24 Perfectionnements aux tubes à décharge électronique
US483949A US1951150A (en) 1929-06-25 1930-09-23 Gas conduction device
FR40029D FR40029E (fr) 1929-06-25 1931-03-25 Perfectionnements aux tubes à décharge électronique
GB26481/31A GB389157A (en) 1929-06-25 1931-09-22 Improvements in and relating to electric discharge devices
FR40808D FR40808E (fr) 1929-06-25 1931-09-23 Perfectionnements aux tubes à décharge électronique

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US373632A US1794283A (en) 1929-06-25 1929-06-25 Rectifying apparatus
US483949A US1951150A (en) 1929-06-25 1930-09-23 Gas conduction device

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1951150A true US1951150A (en) 1934-03-13

Family

ID=27006257

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US483949A Expired - Lifetime US1951150A (en) 1929-06-25 1930-09-23 Gas conduction device

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US1951150A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE371407A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (3) FR697838A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (2) GB354452A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2419902A (en) * 1944-03-10 1947-04-29 Sylvania Electric Prod Fluorescent electric discharge lamp
US2478119A (en) * 1945-04-20 1949-08-02 Gen Motors Corp Gaseous discharge tube

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE764007C (de) * 1937-10-09 1954-05-10 Siemens Schuckertwerke A G In seiner Arbeitsleistung gesteuertes elektrisches Gas- oder Dampfentladungsgefaess

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2419902A (en) * 1944-03-10 1947-04-29 Sylvania Electric Prod Fluorescent electric discharge lamp
US2478119A (en) * 1945-04-20 1949-08-02 Gen Motors Corp Gaseous discharge tube

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR697838A (fr) 1931-01-22
GB354452A (en) 1931-08-13
GB389157A (en) 1933-03-16
FR40029E (fr) 1932-03-25
FR40808E (fr) 1932-08-23
BE371407A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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