US1950097A - Electrical shaving machine for dryshaving - Google Patents

Description

March 6, 1934. `w. BRuNNl-:R

ELECTRICAL SHVING MACHINE FOR DRY SHAVING Filed aaron 27, 193s A27/figg Inyenaf? March 6, 1934. w, BRUNNER A1,950,097

ELECTRICAL SHAVING MACHINE FOR DRY SHAVING Filed March 27, 1933 2 Sheets-Sheet -2 33 .90 FF 2.023 2/ 1F35 357 2.9 l? 25 25 `lE if l N. il 29 I It.; ff/5 'il Q13 s I6 |ll 35 7% :i Il `9 l.; l0

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Patented' Mar. e, 1934 UNITED STATES ELECTRICAL SHAVING MACHINE FOR SHAVING DRY- Walter Brunner, Olten, Switzerland Application March 27,

1933, serial No. 663,035

In Switzerland March 31, 1932 ,l

8 Claims.

',Ihis invention relates to electrical shavingl machines for dry-shaving including two serrated blades one of which is stationary and the other reciprocable. The object of the invention is to provide for eliminating the danger, inherent to the machines hitherto used, of individual hairs getting caught or pulled out, or the skin being injured, and rendering possible a safe and clean its lower side in the transverse direction, against a carrier plate bridging the rigid hardened movable blade which is serrated on both longitudinal edges, so that the stationary blade and the steel lamel assume a flexed shape', in such manner, that-on the one hand both of their longitudinal edges, projecting beyond the longitudinal sides of the top plate, form an angle exceeding 3 with the movable blade and on the other hand the exible teeth of the stationary blade` bear at and resiliently, but firmly against the rigid teeth of the movable blade.

Advantageously, the carrier plate is adjustably secured to the'body of the machine, this plate beingV for example fastened on threadedly connected supporting sleeves, so that by unscrewing the sleeves more or less the distance between the carrier plate and the movable blade and thus the pressure between the teeth of the stationary blade and those of the movable blade can be adjusted.

The tips of the teeth of the blade snugly contacting with the skin are advantageously bent inwardly out of the plane of this blade, in order to avoid injuring the skin by the tips of the teeth.

A constructional form of the invention is shown by way of example in the accompanying draw-v.

ings, in which Fig. 1 shows a side elevation of the shaving machine;

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the machine, taken at right angles to Fig. 1 and showing a part section on the line II-II in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 shows a larger scale section through the upper part of the machine on the line III-III in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a section on the line IV-IV in Fig. 3,

taken at right angles to the section shown in.

Fig. 5 shows a section on the line V-V in Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 shows in the left half a top view of the machine and in the right half a plan view thereof, with the blades, the carrier and connecting screws omitted;

Fig. 'l is a horizontal section on the line VIII-VIII in Fig. 3; y

Fig. 8 shows a larger scale section transversely through the bladesof the machine;

Fig. 9 is a partial top view of Fig. 8, and

Fig. 10 is a schematical view of the machine.

The tube 1 is screwed with its upper and lower end in a yoke 2 and a socket 3 respectively. To the socket 3 a sleeve 4 is threadedly connected which forms with a terminal cap 5 screwed to its lower end aventilator casing which at'the same time serves as a handle. The terminal cap is provided with an inner upstanding hub providing a bearing and having a cylindric recess 6 for the reception of a felt packing in the form of an oil pad, for lubricating the bearing. A cap piece 7 screwed in the terminal cap 5 serves for closing the cylindric recess.

A slide housing 8 is mounted on the yoke 2 and subdivided into two superposed chambers by means of a partition wall, each of these chambers being in turn subdivided into two sections by thin steel slabs 9 inserted in slots 10 in the wall of the slide member. One of these sections of each chamber contains a felt packing in the form miv of an oil pad, for lubricating the slides and eccentric means and the other section provides a' guideway for slides 12 and 13 respectively. Each slide is formed with a guide track 19 comprising cylindrical walls and extending perpendicularly to' the axis of the guideway and adapted for guiding slide blocks 14 and 15 respectively.

A shaft 16, which is mounted in the cap piece 7, the tube` 1 and the slide housing 8, is connected at its lower end with a flexible shaft-'W (Fig. 10) by the aid ofv which it is actuated from an electromotor M.

The upper end ofthe shaft 16 is provided with two eccentrics 17 and 18 which are displaced relatively to each other through an angle of 180. These eccentrics are mounted for rotation in the slide blocks 14 and v15 respectively, thus transforming the rotational movement of the shaft 16 into an oscillating movement of the slides 12 and 13.

A movable blade 20 is mounted on the upper slide 12, so as to bear against the same, and is provided at both of its ends with an aperture for receiving a projection 211 situated in the middle axis of the slide housing, so that the blade 20 is securely held in position on said slide. 'I'he movable blade consists of a rigid piece and is provided on both longitudinal edges with pointed teeth. The slide 12 is guided in the guideway 2 by two steel platelets 23 which are sldable in -grooves 24. The guideway of the slide 12 is closed iat-both ends by a cross member 26 which is secured in the slide housing by means of two `head screws 27 passing also through the yoke 2 and a plate 28, thus holding these parts together. i

In the cross members 26, guide sleeves 29 are provided in exact registry with the middle plane of the slide 12, the sleeves being shouldered at their upper ends and adapted to be screwed in the'cross members more or less. These guide sleeves serve on the one hand as safety guide means for the movableblade 20 and on the other hand as supports for a carrier plate 30 which bears against the shoulders on the guide sleeves` and forms a bridge across the movable blade.

Furthermore, on the guide sleeves 2'7 a stationary blade 31 is slid as well as a steel lamel 32 and a vaulted top plate 33. 'Ihe stationary blade 31 is made of flexible material in the form of a piece of sheet steel of a uniform ythickness of less than 0.0028 inches. This blade is serrated on bothlongitudinal edges and of a width which is larger than thatof the movable blade 20 substantially for the length of their teeth. The anks of the teeth are formed by outwardly curved portions and the width of the tooth gaps amounts to maximum 0.0103 inches at the narrowest part i. e. at the root. The tips 34 of the teeth of the stationary blade 1 are bent off at right angles in the downward direction. so as-to prevent the sharp tips from contacting with the skin. The top plate 33 is pressed on the' carrier plate 30 by means of two head screws 35 the heads of which are of rectangular shape, looking in the axial direction of the screw, and are guided in corresponding recesses in the top plate. carrier plate in uturn presses` the steel lamel 32 on the stationary blade 31, so 4that the longitudinal edges or margins of these parts are resiliently urged against the movable blade 20. The screws 35 are screwed with their ends in nuts 36 which bear against the lower side of the platev 28 and which are guided with cylindric shafts 36a (Fig.`

3) in clamping sleeves 37,'whereby an undesired loosening of the nuts is prevented.

The stationary `blade and the-steel lamel are bent to assume the desired curvature by the Vpressure exerted by the head screws 35, suchwise, that on thev one hand their longitudinal edges projectinglaterally beyond the top plate form with K the movable blade 20lan angle a which exceeds 3 and on the other handithe iiexible teeth ofthe stationary blade come to bear'at but resiliently on the rigid teeth of the movable blade. A

Laterally on the machine two rake-shaped Vguards 38 are arranged which are` connected to the vyoke 2 by head screws 39. The tines of the guard are provided with exterior extensions 38a which reach up tothe level of the stationary blade so that theV severed hairs are blown outwardly throughthe 'slots between ,the tines ofthe guard sliding over the skin, in the direction ofthe arrow's in Figs. 4 and, 5. Thus, on both sides of the machine a nozzle 40 of oblong cross section is formed by the guards in conjunction with the side walls of the slide housing 8,` the nozzle opening directly on the teeth of the two blades and communicating on the other hand with an annular chamber in'a tubular member 41 which is inserted commodated theguide wheels 42r of which are.

held in position bya ring 43 inserted in the sleeve Thev and the impellers 44 of which are slid on the shaft 16 with their hubs and secured on the same by keys 46. The stage ventilator draws in air through apertures 5a of the cap 5 to press the air through holes 3a in the socket 3 and through the tubular member 41 towards the nozzles 40, so that a continuous stream of air for blowing oil the severed hairs is provided for during the shaving.

When the machine isoperative, the impact of the movable masses of the slide 12 for actuating the movable blade is compensated by the counter action of the slide 13, the apparatus thus being free from vibrations.

The slide housing is covered at' the top by a thin guard plate 25 the rectangularly. depending margins of which extend into grooves in the side walls of the slide housing, cuttings 0f hair being thus prevented from entering the interior of the guideway.

In each end portion of the upper slide 12 a U-shaped wire spring 22 is accommodated, for cushioning the impacts that are apt to be transmitted by the m'ovable bladeV on the projections 2l, due to a small amount of intervening play.

`When the shaft 16 is set in rotation by the motor M, the two slides,12 and 13 reciprocate in opposite directions, the upper slide 12 actuating the movable blade 20 so as to perform a quick reciprocating movement, the hairs of the beard being thus cut between the teeth of the movable and the stationary blades. Due to the spring inherent to the stationary blade the teeth of this blade are adapted to adjust themselves separately, so that play between opposite teeth is avoided which may cause individual hairs to get clamped or be pulled out. At the same time the teeth of the stationary bladeaare con-' undue friction arising between the two blades and consequent heating up of the blades. This pressure results in effecting frictional engagement between those teeth that are swept by the stream of cooling air. The stationaryblade 31 is in its iiexed condition wider than the movable blade, so that the latter is adapted to cut 'the coarse' hairs' for example-of a bri'stly beard at theinner narrow4 part a (Figs. 8 and 9) of the-'tooth gaps of the stationary blade. The

dividual hairs in the tooth gaps and directing them to the inner part a thereof, where the cut-- ting operation sets in. v

In this manner it is possible to cutshairs that aregrowing in an inclined disposition to the sur# face of the skin in erected position, thus at right angles to their shafts. jOn the other'hand the small knob formed around the lower end of the shaft of each hair by the cuticula is forced.

`back bythe teeth'of thev stationary blade, without contacting of the skin bulging upwardly between the hairs into`the inner narrow part of the tooth gap of the stationary blade, due to` the pressure exertion of the teeth, with the movable blade is possible. Thus, the hair is eut off flush with-the surface of the skin without endangering the skin. Furthermore no pustules that may be present on the skin can enter in Aexterior wider part b of the tooth gaps `of thestationary blade serves for introducing the inthat very narrow part of the tooth gap and thus be cut oi.

Due to the fact' that several teeth on the movable blade pass over each tooth gap in the stationary blade in a rapid succession, the hair held in the tooth gap is severed by the conjoint action of a plurality of teeth. The number of cuts thus effected bythe individual teeth is inversely proportional to the speed at which the machine is passed over the surface to be shaved. It is obvious that this speed can be varied at will. As the tines of both guards are outwardly prolonged, both air passages remain connected with the open through the slots in the guards during the shaving. By this means the hair cuttings are continually blown oil, the compressed air supplied by the ventilator impinging on the serrated edges rubbing against each other in dry condition along the full length of` these edges,A whereby the latter are cooled and the hair cuttings are removed by being blown through the slots .in the guard.

With a view to illuminating the surface to be shaved, the electromotor is adapted for feeding also a small incandescent lamp.

In order to permit balancing the two slides 12 and 13 relatively to each other, the lower slide 13 may be provided with a counterweight 4J?.`

I do not limit myself to the particular size, shape, number or arrangement of parte as shown and described, all of which may be varied without going beyond the scope of my invention as shown, described and claimed.

What I claim is:

1. In an electric shaving machine for dry shaving, in combination, a stationary cutting blade in the form of an unhardened unground flexible lamel of a maximum thickness of 0.0028 inches, serrated longitudinal edges on said stationary cutting blade, a exible steel lamel of similar shape as said stationary cutting blade, but with smooth longitudinal edges and of somewhat greater thickness and slightly smaller width so as to clear said teeth on said stationary blade, superimposed on said stationary cutting blade, a rigid hardened movable cutting blade situated underneath said stationary cutting blade. serrated' longitudinal edges on said movable cutting blade, a carrier plate centrally arranged between said stationary and said movable cutting blade and extending longitudinally of said blades, a top plate of smaller width than said lamel and concaved in the transverse direction overlying said lamel, screw downsfor said top plate for exing said lamel and said stationary cutting blade withthe air of said carrier plate down on said movable cutting blade, and means for actuating said movable cutting blade in the exed condition of said stationary cutting blade.

. 2. In an electric shaving machine for dryshaving, in combination, a stationary cutting blade in the form of an unhardened unground flexible lamel of a maximum thickness of 0.0028 inches, serrated longitudinal edges on said stationary cutting blade, a flexible steel lamel of similar shape as said stationary cuttingblade, but with smooth longitudinal edges and of somewhat greater thickness and slightly smaller width so as to clear said teeth on said stationary blade, superimposed on said stationary cutting blade, a

rigid hardened movable cutting blade situated underneath said stationary cutting blade, serrated longitudinal edges on said movable cutting blade, a carrier plate centrally arranged between said stationary and said movable cutting blade and extending longitudinally of said blades, adjustable supporting sleeves for said carrier plate screwed in the body of the machine and adapted for varying'the distance between said carrier plate and said movable cutting blade, a top plate of smaller width than said lamel and concaved in the transverse direction overlying said lamel, screw downs for said top plate for flexing said lamel and said stationary cutting blade with the aid of said carrier plate down on said movable cutting blade, and means for actuating said movable cutting blade in the flexed condition of said stationary cutting blade.

3. In an electric shaving machine for dry shave ing, in combination, a stationary cutting blade in the form of an unhardened unground flexible lamel of a maximum thickness of 0.0028 inches, serrated longitudinal edges on said stationary cutting blade, the tips of the teeth of said stationary cutting blade `being inwardly bent for preventing said tips from contacting with the skin to be shaved, a exible steel lamel of similar shape as said'stationary' cutting blade, but with smoothv longitudinal edges and of somewhat greater thickness and slightly smaller width so as to clear said teeth on said stationary blade, superimposed on said stationary cutting blade, a rigid hardened movable cutting blade situated underneath said stationary cutting blade, serrated longitudinal edges on said movable cutting blade, a carrier plate centrally arranged between said stationary and said movable cutting blade and extending longitudinally of said blades, a top plate of smaller widthfthan said lamel and concaved in the transverse direction overlying said lamel, screw downs for said top plate for flexing said lamel and said stationary cutting blade with the aid of said carrier plate down on said movable cutting blade for pressing the flexible teeth of said stationary cutting blades against the rigid teeth of said movable cutting blade, and means for actuating said movable cutting blade in the exed condition of said stationary cutting blade.

4. In an electric shaving machine for dry shaving, in combination, a stationary cutting blade in the form. of an unhardened unground exible lamel of a maximum thickness of 0.0028 inches,

serrated longitudinal edges on said stationary cutting blade, a ilexible steel lamel of similar shape as said stationary cutting blade, but with smooth longitudinal edges and of somewhat greater thickness and slightly smaller width so as tol clear said teethon said stationary blade, superimposed on said stationary cutting blade, a

rigid hardened movable cutting blade situated overlying said lamel, screw downs for said top plate for flexing said lamel and said stationary cutting blade with the aid of said carrier plate down on said movable cutting blade for pressing the flexible teeth of said stationary cutting blade against the rigid teeth of said movable cutting blade, and means for actuating said movable cutting blade the exed condition of said stationary cutting blade.

5. In an electric shaving machine for dry shaving, in combination, a stationary cutting4 shape as said stationary cutting blade, but with smooth longitudinal edges and of somewhat greater thickness and slightly smaller width so as to clearsaid teethon said stationary blade, superimposed on said stationary cutting blade, a rigid hardened movable cutting blade situated underneath sad stationary cutting blade, serrated longitudinal edges on said movable cutting blade, a carrier plate centrally arranged between said stationary and said movable cutting blade and extending longitudinally of said blades, a top plate of smaller. width than said lamel and concaved in the transverse direction overlying said lamel, screw downs for said top plate for flexing said lamel and said stationary cutting blade with the aid of said carrier plate down on said movable cutting blade for pressing the flexible teeth of said stationary cutting blade against the rigid teeth of said movable cutting blade, and means vfor actuating 'said movable cutting blade in the flexed condition of said stationary cutting blade.

A 6. In an electric shaving machine for dry Shaving, in combination, a stationary cutting blade in the form ,of an unhardened unground flexible lamel of a maximum thickness of 0.0028 inches, serrated longitudinal edges on said stationary cutting blade, outwardly curved portions of the teeth of said serrated edges extending into the intervening tooth gaps to provide a larger exterior width for said gaps and an inner end of the gaps of as maximum width of 0.008 inches, a exible steel lamel of similar shape as said stationary cutting blade, but with smooth longitudinal edges and of somewhat greater` thickness and lce slightly smaller width soA as to clear said teeth on said stationaryv blade, superimposed on said stationary cutting blade, a rigid hardened movable cutting blade situated underneath said stationary cutting blade,serrated longitudinal edges on said movable cutting blade, a carrier plate centrally arranged between said stationary and said movable cutting blade and extending longitudinally of said blades, a top plate of smaller width than said lamel and concaved in the transverse direction overlying said lamel, screw downs for said top plate for flexing said lamel andsaid stationary cutting blade with the aid of said carrier plate down on said movable cuttingblade, for pressing the exible teeth of said stationary cutting blade. against the rigid teeth of lsaid movable cutting blade, and means for actuating said movable cutting blade in the flexed condition of said stationary cutting blade. '1. In an electric shaving machine for dry shaving, in combination, a stationary cutting blade in the form of an unhardened unground iexible lamel of a maximum thickness of 0.0028 inches, serrated longitudinal edges on said stationary cutting blade, a exible steel lamel of similar shape as said stationary cutting blade, but with greater thickness and slightly smaller width so as to clear said teeth on said stationary blade, superimposed .on said stationary cutting blade, a rigid hardened movable cutting blade situated underneath said stationary cutting blade, serrated longitudinal edges on said-movable cutting blade, a carrier plate centrally arranged betweenv saidstationary. and said movable cutting blade, and extending longitudinally of said blades, adjustable supporting sleeves for said carrier plate screwed in the body of the machine and adapted for varying the distance between said carrier plate and said movable cuttingv blade, a top plate of smaller width than said lamel and concaved in the transverse direction overlying said lamel, screw downs for said top plate passed through said supporting sleeves for flexing said lamel and said stationary cutting. blade with the aid of said carrier plate down on said movable cutting blade, rectangular heads of Vsaid screw downs tted into corresponding recesses in said top plate for preventing rotational displacement of the screw shafts, nuts provided on the shafts of said screw downs, Aan enlargement of said nuts locked to the machine body a screw threaded sleeve connected to said enlargement, a clamping sleeve arranged in the machine body forl engaging said sleeve for securing the same on the screw shaft, and means for actuating said movable cutting blade in the flexed condition of said 10| stationary cutting blade. 8. In an electric shaving machine fordry shaving, in combination, a stationary cutting blade in the form of an unhardened unground flexible lamel of a maximum thickness of 0.0028 inches, serrated longitudinal edges on said stationary cutting blade, a flexible steel lamel of similar shape as said stationary cutting blade, but with smooth longitudinal edges and of somewhat greater thickness and slightly smaller width so as to clear said teeth on said stationary blade, superimposed on said stationary cutting blade, a rigid hardened movable cutting blade situated underneath said stationary cutting blade, serrated longitudinal edges on said movable cut- 2 ting blade, a carrier plate centrally arranged between said stationary -and said movable cuttingblade and extending'longitudinally of said blades, a guard member for the skin arranged at each side of the machine body below the teeth 01125 the cutting blades, tines of said guard members so arranged as to provide extrusion passages -A for cooling air, exterior projecting portions of said tines extending adjacent to the teeth of the cutting blades, a top plate of smaller width than said lamel and concaved in the transverse direction overlying saidlamel; screw downs for said top plate for flexing said lamel and said station-- ary cutting bladeV with the aid of said carrier plate down on said movable cutting blade, a portion of the machine casing disposed rearwardly'of the cutting blades to provide a hollow handle, a terminal cap arranged on th outer end ofrsaid handle and provided with air entrance openings, stageventilator accommodated in the hollow space Vo f said handle, ,air communication means provided between said hollow space and said extrusion passages, and means for actuating said stage ventilator and said movable cutting blade inthe flexed condition of said stationary cut- -ting blade. i

I WALTER BRUNNER.

smooth longitudinal edgeshand ofysomewhat.

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