US1948160A - Detention window - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 20, 1934.

l.. BAYLEY DETENTION WINDOW Filed Nov. 19, l195o 2 sheets-sheet 1 Feb. 20, 1934. BAYLEY DETENTION WINDOW 2 sheets-sheet 2 Filed NOV. 19, 1930 n.rfd Har' :gufi/51.11.4414 .1: 55,5594 d Patented Feb. 2o, 1934- PATENT OFFICE y 1,948,160 DETENTION WINDOW Lee Bayley, Springfield, Ohio, assignor to The William Bayley Company, Springfield, hio, a

corporation of Ohio Application November 19, 1930 Serial No. 496,709

12 Claims.

My invention relates to windows, and more particularly to detention windows and grilles especially adapted for jail or reformatory use, but also applicable to warehouses and vthe like, and

other installations where it is desirable to provide ventilated openings protected against entrance or escape.

In the present construction there is contemplated a structural steel window structure or 1o grille of large proportions, such as are commonly employed in factory or warehouse construction, the transversely disposed mullion bars of which are comparatively closely spaced'to afford a grating or grille having numerous open spaces, cer- 15 tain of which are closed by window panes, leaving a group of such spaces vacant to afford a Ventilating opening across which continuations of the mullions extend. This aiords within the window structure a barred opening.

2c An auxiliary closure adjustably mounted rela-` tive to the window serves to close the Ventilating opening. Actuator means for the closure are mounted exteriorly of ther window structure and operatively connected to the closure through restricted openings in the xed portion of the structure. If desired, however, the operator device may be mounted interiorly of theA window especially in warehouse construction and the like. The barred Ventilating opening is further provided with a screen which may be at either the inner or the outer side and which preferably though not necessarily is double, one screen being comparatively ne to exclude insects, while the other screen may be of larger mesh, but oi stronger strands to prevent articles being passed through the Ventilating opening in the event that the insect screen is cut.

In the present construction the auxiliary closure is disposed substantially in the plane of the window structure grille so that when closed it does not project materially beyond the plane of the mullion bars, and hence isl not unsightly in appearance, and if located on the inner side of the main window or grille it does not afford projections upon which a prisoner may climb.

The present structure is a further development and amplification of the jail window constructionv set forth and described in my cci-'pending application, Serial No. 431,117, filed February 25, 1930` the broad or generic claims pertaining to both constructions being presented in the earlier application. y

The object of the invention 'is to simplify the structure, as well as'the means and mode of operation of ventilated windows or grilles for jails,

reformatories, and the like, as well as for protective windows for warehouses, whereby they will not only be cheapened in construction, but will be more eicient in use, of increased durability and strength, and unlikely to get out of order.

A further object of the invention is to incorporate in a single structure the window guard or jail bars, and the window glass supporting mullions, whereby such window mullions become duo-functional;

A further object of the invention is to provide a compact structure of duo-functional character, having a guarded or barred Ventilating opening, and to provide an adjustableclosure for such opening, and more particularly, to provide such closure, which will be normally disposed in the plane of the window mullions, and will not project materially there beyond.

A further object of the invention is to provide u va combination Window and detention or jail barred structure, having a screened Ventilating opening.

A further object of the invention is to provide a window having spaced openings too small for the passage of the body of a man, and having therein a Ventilating opening including the area of a number of such openings formed by the' intersections of the continuations of the transverse mullion bars which extend across the Ventilating ss openings.4

With the above primary'and other incidental objects in View, as will more fully appear in the specication` the invention consists of the features of construction, the parts and combinations 00 thereof, and the mode of operation, or their equivalents, as hereinafter described and set forth in the claims.

Referring to the accompanyingdrawings, wherein is shown the preferred, but obviously not necessarily, the only form of embodiment ofthe invention Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a detention window or grille, embodying the present invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view of the window or grille structure through 100 the Ventilating opening. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view thereof also taken through the Ventilating opening.

Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are vertical sectional views of the window or grille showing modifications of the specific structure, and structural details of the auxiliary closure.

Like parts are indicated by similar characters of reference throughout the several views.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, 1 is 110 o shape. Being of rectangular contour, they emi a section of the building wall in which is incorporated the structural steel window forming the subject matter hereof. This window comprises a frame 3 divided by transverse interlocking mullions 4 into a plurality of comparatively small spaces 5. The mullions 4 are comparatively closely spaced, whereby the spaces 5 areA entirely too small for a person to pass through. Most of these spaces 5 are closed by panes of glass, leaving vacant a group of spaces 5 to form a Ventilating opening. Continuati'ons of the mullions extend both vertically and horizontally across the Ventilating space, thus forming the small` openings 5.

The frame 3 and mullions 4 are formed of such material and so interlocked as to constitute a detention grille or jail bars which may not be easily broken. Thus the window mullions 4 are duofunctional. These mullions 4 not only serve their ordinary and usual purpose as part of the window for supporting the glass pan'es 6, but they also additionally function as jail bars. The window mullions 4 are preferably of the conventional or standard cross-sectional contour, comprising T bars, which afford outwardly disposed rabbets for the seating of the window panes 6. These window panes are seated and cemented or sealed in the usual manner.

.To accommodate the auxiliary closure substantially within the plane of the window or grille, the T shaped mullion bars 4 are preferably reduced in depth across the Ventilating opening or may be cut away, and the mullion bar continuations 8 of somewhat different cross-sectional contour are welded to the T shapedmullion bars of which they afford integral' intermediate continuations. In the drawings these mullion bar continuations 8 have been shown of substantially vrectangular cross-sectional contour, although they may be of any other desired or suitable body substantially an equal amount of material, and poss'ess equal strength with the continuing T shaped portions of the mullionbars 4, but are of less lateral depth, thus affording in a window structure a recess sufficiently deep to accommodate the auxiliary closure member. The window or grille may be turned in either direction, but is preferably turned with the head flanges of the T vshaped mullion bars inwardly, and with the stem iianges of the bars and the sealing material of putty, securing the window panes disposed at the outer side of the window, although such window or grilleH may be arranged. in either position.

Referring more particularly to the species of auxiliary closure shown inaFigs. 2 and 3, angle bars 9 are secured to the stem flanges of the T bars 4, which define the margins of the ventilating space. These angle bars 9 are welded to the web of the stem flange of the mullion bars, with their lateral anges projecting inwardly relative to the ventilating'space in 'a plane closely contiguous to the plane of the inner faces of the mullion bar continuations heretofore mentioned as continuing across such Ventilating space.'

The auxiliary closure which extends across the Ventilating area comprises a frame formed from T bars 11, one side of the head flanges of which abut upon the head flanges of the mullion bars 4, defining the Ventilating area, while the stem flanges or yweb portions of such frame bars abut upon the inwardly projecting flanges of the angle bars 9. This auxiliary closure may be divided into small spaces by transverse interlocking mullion bars 12, or if desired it may contain but a single large glass, fitting the marginal frame, and seated within the rabbets of the frame bars 11. This auxiliary closure member may be hinged to swing upon a vertical axis at either side of the closure, or toi swing upon a horizontal axis either above or below the Ventilating area, or it may be link hung for other movement toward and from the main window structure, or for sliding movement into and out of registry with the opening, the particular method of actuating the closure being subject to wide variations. While the auxiliary closure makes a tight abutting contact upon the stop flanges of the angle bars 9 when closed, to prevent the seepage of water through the window, an overhanging protective water shed 15 is provided on the lower portion of the auxiliary closure frame and overhanging the stop flange of the lower angle bar 9.

Located exteriorly of the main window is an operating shaft 16 extending transversely across the window opening, and preferably, though not necessarily, continuing through the masonry pilasters of the building structure, in which are embedded tubular sleeves or pipes 16 to receive the operator shaft. Adjacent to the barred venti- Alating openings of the window 'or grille, the operator shaft 16 carries gear pinions 17 which mesh with arcuate rack bars h18 projecting through the main sash when the operator is located exteriorly of the window and engage with the adjustable closure 10. The sides of the closure 10 are provided with ears to which the ends of the rack bars 18 are pivoted. The glass panes in the spaces of the window bars adjacent to the Ventilating openings are shown in Fig. l as notched at their corners to permit the passage of the rack bars 18. A cover-plate or housing 19 is welded to the window structure coincident with such notched window glass, providing a keeper and enclosure vfor the rack bars.

-By thus positioning the operator shaft outside the window structure there are no projections or apparatus within the building upon which an inmate may climb. ,It is quite impossible for any one conned within the structure to interfere with the operation of the window closure 10. The operator shaft 15 may be rotated by any suitable means and such rotation will effect a relative adjustment of the auxiliary closurel 10 at the opposite side of the main window or grille.

Disposed over the Ventilating area of the windown is a screen covering 20, preferably thoughv screen being confined to the area of the Ventilating opening while the rack bars 18 pass through the window slightly beyond such openings, the operating mechanism does not interfere in any way with the screen. While in Figs. 2 and 3 the Ventilator closure has been shown positioned within the planevof the main window or grille but opening tothe inner side thereof, it vis obvious that if so desired it may be arranged to open toward the outer side of such window or grille,

or upon the same side with the operator mechanism. This would interpose the jail bar grille formed by the mullion bar extensions intersecting the Ventilating area between the persons conned within the building and the auxiliary closure sash l0. Such a reverse construction is i1- lustrated in Fig. 4.` In such construction the auxiliary closure has been shown provided with a marginal frame formed of substantially 'Z shaped bars, the lateral fianges of which simultaneously abut upon the outer margins of the webs or stem flanges of the T shaped mullion bars 4, and uponl the inwardly projecting flanges of the angle 'bars 9. Obviously the auxiliary closure frame may be formed of the T shaped bar stock as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3 in lieu of the Z shaped bars disclosed in Fig. 4. Otherwise the structure is substantially that heretofore described. For illustrative purposes the operator mechanism has been shown in Fig. 4 as located at the inner side of the window and connected therethrough with the closure as before described. When the closure is disposed at the outer side of the main window or grille the protective strip or watershed strip 15 is located above the top margin of the auxiliary closure and is secured to the transverse mullion bar 4 at the top of the Ventilating area in such position that it overhangs the margin of the auxiliary closure when closed to prevent the seepage of water through the joint.

Fig. 5 illustrates a further modification wherein the protective screen 20 is disposed interiorly of the window mullions or grille instead of exteriorly thereof, as shown in Fig. 3. In Fig. 5 the screen 20 is mounted upon the frame 21, which is secured to the angle bar frame 9 extending about the Ventilating area and the auxiliary closure 10 abuts upon the frame 2l when closed.

The specific type of operator'mechanism employed `is not essential. Hence for illustrative purposes there is shown in Fig. 5 a construction wherein the auxiliary closure 10 is supported on,

links 22 pivoted at one end to the closure and sliding at their opposite ends in slots 23 in plates 24 affixed to the mullion bars which define the side margins of the Ventilating opening. A catch 25 holds the closure in closed position.

The modification indicated in Fig. 6 differs from that of Fig. 5 by omitting the supporting frame 2l of the screen and shows the screen 20 mounted directly upon the angle bar frame 9 surrounding the Ventilating area.

It will be noticed that in both Figs. 5 and 6 the screen 20 is interposed between the auxiliary closure and the window mullions or grille. also true in Fig. 4 wherein the `screen 20 is mounted directly upon the angle bar 9 in lieu of the framev 2l, but in the construction of Fig. 4 the screen is on the inner side of the auxiliary closure 10, which in this case is at the outer side of the main window or grille, while in Fig. 6 the auxiliary closure is on the inner side of the main window or grille.

'The window structure may be installed in the masonary of the building in any suitable manner. The flanged margins of the frame may be projected .into a suitable recess provided in the masonary wall, which recess is subsequently filled with concrete or other plastic sealing material. Otherwise the flanged margins of the window may be bolted, riveted, or otherwise anchored in position,l theparticular method of mounting forming no part of the present invention.

From the above description it will be apparent that there is thus provided a device of the char- This is acter described, possessing the particular features of advantage before enumerated as desir,- able, but which obviously is susceptible of modification in its form, proportions, detail construction and arrangement of parts without departing from the principle involved o1' sacrificing any of its advantages.

While in order to comply with the statute the invention has been described in language more or less specific as to structural features, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific details shown, but that the means and construction-herein disclosed comprise`the preferred form of several modes of putting the invention into effect, and the invention is, therefore, claimed in any of its forms or modifications within the legitimate and valid scope of the appended claims.

Having thus vdescribed my invention, I claim:

l. A detention window, transverse mullion bars dividing the window into a plurality of spaces, window panes closing certain of the spaces, leaving a group of such spaces Vacant to afford a Ventilating area, the 'continuations ofV the mullion bars extending across .the Ventilating area being of reduced' thickness to accommodate a closure therefor and an adjustable closure normally positioned substantially in the plane f the main window and. adjustable relative thereto to open'and close the Ventilating area, said closure having double contacting surfaces.

2. In a window of the character described, a series of duo-functional transverse spaced b ars dividing the window into multiple small spaces and serving as jail bars and also as supports for window glass, panes of window glass closing certain of said openings, a group of said spaces being left Vacant to form a Ventilating area, and an adjustable closure for said Ventilating area normally lying substantially in the planev of the main window structure and adjustable relative thereto to open and close said Ventilating area, said closure having double contacting surfaces.

3. In a window of the character described, a plurality of transverse substantially T shaped mullion bars dividing the window into multiple small spaces and serving duo-functionally as jail bars and as supports for window panes, window panes closing said openings, the transverse T shaped mullion bars being medially interrupted and intermediate continuations of said bars of less depth being inserted to define a barred ventilating opening and a closure for said opening insertable within the recess in said window formed by reduction of depth of the 'transversebars 4. In a window structure of the character described, a plurality of transverse mullion bars dividing the window structure into multiple small spaces and serving duo-functionally as jail bars and as supports for window panes, window panes closing certain of said spaces leaving a group of spaces vacant to form a Ventilating area, said window panes being held in position by putty on the outside thereof, said transverse bars being medially reduced in depth to form alateral recess' in the window structure coincident with said Ventilating area to receive a closure, and a movable closure therefor seated in the recess.

5. In a construction of the character described, a window structure, including a plural- .ity of mullion bars dividing the window structure into multiple spaces, window panes closing screen closure for said Ventilating area, one screen being of comparatively fine mesh and the other screen being of coarser mesh and heavier material, and a glazed closure normally positioned substantially in the plane of the window and adjustable relative thereto to open and close the Ventilating area. I

6. As an article of manufacture a continuous integral mullion bar for a detention Window having a substantially T shaped cross sectional area .throughout a portion of its extent, the medial portion of the bar being of distinctively different shape and of less depth than the continuing T shaped portions of the bar.

7. A Window structure including a plurality of transversely disposed mullion bars dividing the window into multiple spaces, certain of said bars being of substantially T shaped cross sectional contour throughout a portion of their extent and ports for window glass, panes of window glass closing certain of said openings, said panes being held in position by putty on the outside of the window so as to have the putty out of reach of the occupants, a group of said spaces being left vacant to form a Ventilating area, andan adjustable closure for said Ventilating area normally lying substantially in the plane of the main Window structure and adjustable relative there.- to to open and close said Ventilating area.

In a window of the character described, a series of duo-functional-transverse spaced bars dividing the window into multiple small spaces\ serving as detentiony bars and as supports for panes of Window glass closing certain of said openings, said panes being heldv in position by putty on the loutside of the Window, a group of such spaces being left'vacant to form aventilating area, an adjustable closure for said .ventilating area normally lying substantially in the plane of the main window structure and adjustable relmosaico -series of duo-functional transverse spaced bars dividing the window into multiple small spaces and serving as detention bars and also as a support for `window glass, panes of window glass closing certain of said openings, a group of such spaces being left Vacant to form a Ventilating area, an adjustable closure for said Ventilating area normally lying substantially in the plane of the main Window structure and adjustable relative thereto to open and close the Ventilating area and a screen interposed between the closure and the bars, the frame of said screen contacting with the closure when in closed position.

11. In a Window of the character described, a plurality of transverse substantially T-shaped mullipn'bars dividing the window into a multiple ofi small spaces andv serving duo-functionally as detention bars and as supports for window panes, Window panes closing said openings, the transverse T-shaped mullion bars being medial- 1y interrupted, and intermediate continuations of said bars being of less depth across the ventilating area and a closure for said area insertable within the recess of said Window frame by reduction of depth of the transverse bars, said i closure including bars registering with the transverse bars, said bars co-operating with the interrupted continuations of said bars to simulate uninterrupted bars to thereby minimize .the barred appearance of the window.

12. In a Window of the character described, a plurality of transverse substantially T-shaped mullion bars dividing the window into` a multiple of small spaces and serving duo-functionally as detention bars and as supports for window panes, window panes closing said openings, the transverse T-shaped mullion bars being medially interrupted, intermediate continuations of said bars being of less depth across the Ventilating area and a closure for said area opening out- Wardly, said closure being insertable within the recess of said window frame by the reduction of the depth of the transverse bars, and means f or holding the closure in open positionH LEE BAYLEY.

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