US1935049A - Steam superheater - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 14, 1933. H, E, GEER STEAM SUPERHEATER 2 Sheets-$heet l Filed Aug. 31, 1932 Xvi.

Nov. 14, 1933. H. E. GEER 1,935,049

STEAM SUPERHEATER Filed Aug. 31, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 14 INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 1 4, 1933 I UNITED STATE reason c o STEAM SUPERHEATER Henry Edward Gear, LondolnEngland, assignon -to The: Superheater Company,- N ew York,

Application August '31, 1932, Serial No. 631,210, 7 and in Great Britainseptember 18, 1931 This invention relates to steam superheater of the type in which the individual elements in a group or groups orbanks of superheater elements (usually and preferably elements of the return bend or U-loop type) have their steam inlet and outlet ends connected to separate headers and extend downwardly and depend from the headers. Such a superheater maybe one associated with a stationary steam-generator or boiler of the multidrum-type, for instance a tri drum boiler Ina boiler of the-type above-mentionedtheremay be as usual two headers, each of which may be tubular and circular in cross section, the saturated steam distributor or header conveniently being disposed above the superheated orheader.

The present invention has for' its principal object to provide a method of and means forcgunteracting or neutralizing the' severe strains and stresses set up on the headers by the weight of the depending elements, which strains and stresses, by tendingto rotate theheadersabout 7 their longitudinal axesfare liable to result in serious damage to the means employed for sup porting and-securing the headers in position, and also to steam pipes or other fittingswhichmay be connected to the headers. t t

Heretofore 'so'far as I am aware no method or means-has been provided to counteract the tendency of the weight of the elements of a"s;u perheater of the kind indicated. above to-rotate steam. receiver theheaders about their axess t I In itsrbro'adest aspect the-invention consists in the provision in a steam superheater of means whereby'the load on a header tending to rotate it in its mountings is counteracted or substan: tially balanced by-the load on, and tending to rotate, another header of the superheater. In other words the invention consists in utilizing the load of the elements distributed on to one header and tending to'rotate it on itsaxisto balance, or substantially balance, the. load ofthe elements distributed on to the other header and similarly tending to rotate such other header 0 about its axis.

eral surfaces of the respective headers,- whereby the load ofthe elements.directly'distributed on and tending to rotate a header is transmitted to and tendsto rotate the other header in a directionopposite'to that inwhich the load of the elements directly distributed on it tends to rotate it.

In theaccompanying drawings:-

Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a portion of a tri-drum water tube boiler having a steam superheater to the headers of which anchoring means according to the present invention areapplied.

t Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional View of the headers shown inFig. 1; and illustrating oneembodiment of the header anchoring means according to the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a View of portions of. the headers shown in Fig. 2 equipped with the anchoring therein :shown as seen from the left of th 'fi' n f Y Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 2 butillustrating other embodiments of the inventionwhich will be described hereinafter. H

Referringfirst to Fig. 1, 1 is the .steam and -water"drumof the boiler, 2 being the front bank of water tubes, 3' the circulators from the other steam and water drum and 4 the equalizing tubes; 5 and 6 indicate U -loop or serpentinesuperheatrelements, the. inlet portions .7. 7 .of whichare connected to the saturated'steam'header 9 and the outlet portions 8; ,8 of which are similarly the, headers 9 andglO being'arr'anged one above the other and carried in any usualjor'appropriate, cradles or mountings, and clamped. in position by means such as the usual U-shaped straps. An examination of Fig. 1- will show that the superheater elements 5 and Gare connected to the headers 9 and 10 and along a portion of their periphery to the left of the longitudinal vertical plane through the centre of the headers and. above the central horizontal planes of the respective headers. This is a well known arrangement of headers and elements and whilst efficient in most respects is subject to a disadvantage in that the weight of the depending elements tends to rotate the headers about their longitudinal axes. As above indicated'it is the object of the present invention toprovide means to overcome this disadvantage and according to the present invention the headers are anchored to one another bymeans which will now be described.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 2 and 3 the headers are secured together 'connectedlto the superheater steam header 1 0,

or anchored to one another by an S shaped strap or plate 11 the concave surfaces of which lie close to oppositely facing portions of the peripheral surfaces of the respective headers as will be clearly seen in Fig. 2. p The straps 11 are secured to the headers by screws 12 extendingthrough holes in the strap and engaged in tapped holes in the header wall.

It will be appreciated that in the superheater construction and arrangement shown in Fig. 1 the weight of the elements tends to rotate both headers in an anti-clockwise directionl about their longitudinal axes. In a superheater equipped with anchoring means according to the invention and as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 a strain or load put upon the lower header 1O tending to rotate it in an anti-clockwise direction will be transmitted through the strap 11 to the header 9 and tend to rotate such header in a clockwise direction against the weight of the elements which are tending to rotate said header in an anti-clockwise direction. Thus the load on the lower header will be oounteracted or neutralized by the load on the upper header. Similarly of course the load tending to rotate the upper header is balanced or counteracted by the load on the lower header.

In the construction shown in Figs. 2- and 3 the strain on the strap 11 is transferred from one header to the strap and from the strap to the other header through the screws 12. In the alternative embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 4 each header has welded to it two blocks 13, and two blocks 14 are welded to each concave face of the strap 11. The blocks on the headers and strap are so disposed in relation to one another that the adjacent faces of each two blocks 13, 14 abut against one another and the blocks serve to transmit the strains from the headers to the strap and vice versa. The blocks associated with the upper header 9 in Fig. 4 are shown with their engaging faces radially of the header whereas the surfaces of the blocks 13 secured to the header 10 are undercut and the engaging faces of the blocks 14 correspondingly formed. The strap 11 in the construction shown in Fig. 4 is secured to the headers by screws 12 extending into tapped holes in the blocks 13.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 2 and 3 the concave surfaces of the strap snugly fit the peripheral surfaces of the headers. In the construction. shown in Fig. 4 the concave surfaces of the strap 11 are spaced from the peripheries of the headers by the provision of the blocks 13 and 14 but the strap is so formed that its intermediate or straight portion contacts with the peripheries of the headers at the points marked 15 in Fig. 4.

I The inventionis not restricted to the number of straps employed on any given pair of headers, but usually two straps relatively close together approximately mid-way of the length of the headers will be found suincient. Also the invention is not restricted to the straps being secured to headers by the means shown in the drawings as other means might be employed, for instance the straps might be welded to the headers. Also it is to be understood that the invention is not restricted to steam superheaters comprising two headers only as it may be employed in superheaters having more than two headers but with the elements so disposed and connected to the headers that the weight of the elements tends to rotate the headers about their longitudinal axes. Further the anchoring means according to the present invention may be applied to headers arranged otherwise than in the same vertical plane.

What I claim is: r

1'. The combination of a plurality of headers supported at their ends so that each header is free of the weight of the other, at-least between supports, fluid conducting means connected thereto intermediate the support therefor and so 105 arranged that the weight of such means tends to rotate said headers, and a member connected between said headers and so arranged'that the tendency of one header to rotate is transmitted to another and reacts against the tendency of 110 such other header to rotate. V Y

2. A steam superheater comprising two headers supported at their ends so that each header is free of the weight of the other at least between supports and superheater elements connected thereto intermediate the support therefor and so disposed that the weight of said elements tends to rotate said headers about. their longitudinal axes, and a member connected between said headers and so arranged that the tendency 120 to rotate of one header is transmitted to the other and reacts against the tendency of such other header to rotate.

3. A steam superheater as set forth in claim 2 and in which the superheaterelements tend 125 to rotate both headers about their axes in the same direction, and in which the member connected between the headers isa strap of S-like form.

HENRY EDWARD GEER.

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