US1934800A - Locomotive boiler - Google Patents

Description

NOV. 14, 1933. C, Q HAWLEY i 1,934,800

LOCOMOT IVE BOILER Filed Nov. 5. 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 @006Go QQQOOOOO @GOGO OOOO man@ am@ Nov. 14, 1933. c. G. HAwLEY LOCOMOTIVE BOILER Filed Nov. 5, 1931 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 lill 3 32 22 23 22 vieil/es GM NOV. 14, C. G. HAWLEY LOCOMOTIVE BOILER Filed Nov. 5, 1931 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 motive boilers and it consists ofvthematters here-Y and flash walls are easilyobtainable; Y 1

inafterdescrbed and 'moreparti'c'ularly pointedA Still'anotherfobject'of the-inventionistofprooutin'the-appended elaims. videafconstr-uction of-.tliskind wherein the parts V5 The invention is particularly concerned vwith-fare sordisposedas'to present suicient'area ofthe 60 boilersof the kind `embodying gratelessfireboxes inside throat sheet 'of the firebox permittingthe vin which fuel ysuehas oil or powdered coal is easyattachmentof the neckof-a thermic Siphon" burned! in suspension therein, the rebox being should itbe desired ito install suchja `siphonin` substantiallywholly bottomed by inwardly and g the liirebox. f

" downwardly eXtending--atwater steaming land The abovementioned o bjectsrofv the invention', 65

circulating elements. A aswell as othersytogether With-the many advanv. The' primaryobject o 'fithe -inventionris to pro-- *tages `thereof,will more fully appear,` as I'proceed vide an improved arrangement of `the parts 'more with'mylspecificationl 'Y orless.associatedWith said Watersteaming and -`In thedrawings:--` f circulating elements-wherein'there is no direct" :@Eig.' V1 isa-longitudinal verticalsectionalview:2

and contacting engagement between the ends of through thevreboxaend of a locomotiveboiler I said elements andfthe'refract'ory material formvembodying'myinvention. a f ing the-burner and ash walls-of `the lireboxV vFig. 2Y isa. transverse vertical vsectional -view' whereby passageways are provided Yfor theair through the same'fas-taken'on the line 2-21of Y necessaryto support combustion andwhichairfis; Fig. 1Y-lookingt0wa`11d thebuinerwall end o 'f the 75 vide more yeicient combustionv 'y' "Figl S'S'another transversevvertical sectional 'Another object ofV the invention-iste provide v-iewt1ir011gh*he bottom'iear'end part of the 1' an improvedarrangement for the inner ancl '?a"' lj a` lBbOXS Vtakllfonthe'lne' 3-3' 0f Fig. lflOOkk cent, though spaced bottom margins ofy 'saidieieb ing towardthe'flash wall end of the rebox. 8'0; Y,

ments-, wherein` air is better distributed-forcom- Fig. iS Ya' detail fragmentary VGWTD OO- bustion purposeswithout -a localization ol.r suchtemplari, `on an enlarged scale, ofl the fronti air at any one point in itsventrance 'mtohe ref y er1-d Axoffthe Water steaming andzirculatihe Yele-jY Y ments'and associated parts.`

Vbo'X inthe 'space betWeen-said elements.l

f- A-'futhe object of thefinvention"isy to so v:'F155is atdetailverticalYsectionalvievvthrough 85 v I range the parts of the Waterstea'ming and'circu-a lialSShOWIl il Fig. 413S`-7ake-0nthe lille 5 5. lating elements ywithrespectto theburnerwall QfFg-g4 I gf and bottmclosur 4pam for the rebox'thaf auf LFig.- 6 is` a detail transve'r's`e -vertical' sectional chambers are provided between said element'sandv` VeWSmarjtOFg. Y3 illustratiig. amodifled form` xpanwherein the'secondaryai-r neoessaryftojsupiv Oflwater ys'tmali'lfg and CGUMH elemen- -90 port combustion 'is preheated'by'gaid elements, Fig 7 is adetail transverse vertical sectional before itis admitted -to the reboxproper for" ViW-''Silllalf'tb Fg- 2LaI1d .ShOWS- a'further mod-icombustion purposes. Y f fied Vf ormiof Water steaming and'ci'reulating ele; Anotherobjectof theinvention is to soairage ment '7:1 Q f' .t 4o vthe elements in the nrebox'that mud chambers* lFig. 8--is aidiagrammaticfhorizontal; plan Sec-95j of greater capacity are provided at the rear endsA v 'OllalVeW"througlgthe lebOX T011 al 'reduced ofthe side water legs, out of the Zone of -influence SCl'S tk'rl @n'he I IIQaf- 0f Fig. Tand illus-i ofthe high temperature lin the 'reb'ox so thati trates flmrepartulaiflyfthe Shapey 0f the ail instead of hardeningandthus adhering totheas'solet Slot betweehfflsaid Water -St'eaming and @ir Y fishing; Still another object of the invention is tofso wFig; y9 -iS"aview similar t0 Fig. 8`Whe1einthe` dispose the elements in said rebox thatthey' air` inlet slot between said elements converges will have-an 'inclinationwgiving a natural-'flow offrom 'the rear endtowardtherfront end ofthe` Ciatesheet it'r'emainssoft'ani slushyforleagvy culatingelem'entwhen arranged in the manner 160 rear end of said element.' Eig.y l0l is a View similar to Fig-.18 whereinlthe `Stilla further object of the invention yis to proairinletslot between'saidelement converges from' vide means carried by the fends'of said elements] the yfront endh toward the rearv end of thefirebox.' whiehare adjustable whereby thef lesi'reddimen`A` In general,my inventioncentemplates the pro- 5 "sions lof the ai'inlet crevicesorslots between the`vr visionof `-a `pairoflat',l 'hollow Water steamingll-Ov and circulating elementsthat extend downwardly and forwardly from the inner rear sheet of the firebox toward the front thereof, f as well as downwardly and inwardly from each side sheet with which it communicates. Said elements terminate in a substantially close spaced relation to provide a central'longitudinal air inlet slot between the inner sides of said elements along thel median plane of the irebox. The'front and rear` ends of the reboxare closed by a burner wall anda ash wall respectively, each spaced from the associated Vends of said element thereby leaving transversely extending front and lrearend air inlet slots; .v j Y Between Vsaid burner and fia'sh walls, below said elements and extending from one side of the iirebox to the other, is a bottom pan or closure,

which coacts with said wall to provide an air preheating chamber beneath said Velements and.

with which the slots above mentioned communicate; Secondary air is admitted into this chamber through suitable door controlled openingsin Vtheburner wall and` after being heated therein by contactV with `the bottom walls ofv said elements, passes lthrough said slots intothe'rebox to support combustionA therein and as theseslots are disposed atv the ends and along thevmedian` line of the firebox, a better distribution of air for such combustion purposes is afforded. The4 elements carry at their'.` ends adjustable plates whereby the width of said end slots maybe care-.

fully determined, thls providing-that Aamount of Y air yieldingl the highest efciency in combustion.

By inclining-the elements in. themanner above mentioned, Va greater portion of theinside throat sheet, above the burner lwall isexposed for the attachment of the neck of an associated siphon or siphons. Furthermore such an inclination leaves larger anddeeper mud chambers at .the rear ends of theside water legs-wherein the 'mud remains'l soft and may be .easiiyflushedout and aga-insuch inclination provides a meren-natural water that circulation is.thereby.increased.

Referring now in detail fto that embodiment the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawingsand especially, to Figs, 1, 2, .3v and 4 thereof-# 1 indicates thebarreL of the boiler in `the rear endvof vwhich is-.provided they usualfireboxV 2. Saidirebox is constituted by the front or flue sheet', rear sheet aside-sheets 5-15 and crown sheet 6 and thebottom portion of the iiue sheet'is formed to provide the inside throatsheet The ,wrapper togetherpwith the `firebox sheets described, provide ltheseveral water legs of the boiler, that is, the side water legs 12, the front leg or throat 13 and the-back legA lit all bottomed k"by a'mud ring 15.- The firebox sheets arejoined to the wrapper by means of the usual staybo'lts,A and the rear sheettand-the` backY plate V11 are' formed to provideva door opening v16` whichis normally closed. v A

The iirebox structure abovegdescribed maybe f takenas typical of standard practice and includes all essential parts except Vthe grate which, ofr

course, when fuel is burned in suspensioni's, omitted and the open bottom of the rebox isv closed aswill later appear; Y f r In the open bottom ofthe lrebox is located a pair of fiat hollow Waterstearning and circulating elements orwails 174-17 respectively,- each of which is connected .along one sideto ,an associ-r ated side sheet 5 and extends downwardly and f forwardly at an inclination considerably greater than that of those parts of the mud ring 15 clos- -ing the bottom of the side Water legs 12. Said elements also extend downwardly and inwardly from their associated side sheets. Each element issubstantially and conveniently rectangular in plan Yand is longer -than'it iswide and is open at one .side and is` closed at its other Yside as well as at'its ends.l VEach element comprises, in this instance, relatively straight, hat, top and bottom staybolted walls 18 and 19 respectively and front and rear end walls 20-21 and that side of said element opposite its open side is closed by a rounded wall 22. The rounded walls 22 of both elements are quite closely spaced to provide a longitudinally extending air inlet slot 23 in the median plane of the iirebox. The open side of 4each element is defined by flanges 17a which are rbutt YweldedV as at 17h in suitable openings prothe firebox isone of such walls that forms theV front or burner wall 24 and associated with the rearendof said elements and also'extending g across the rebox ,isY the 'rear or ashlrwall 25. Said walls are spaceda short distance from the ends ofsaid elementsv to form transversely extending end air linlet crevices or slots 26-27 respectively' between said element ends and said walls. Not Aonly are said crevices or slots thus provided, but another advantageous `feature is that.. no abrasive action can take'place betweenA the endsof said elements and walls should anyrrelative movement occur between them under exflow toward the-'rearfends o said elements so j pansion or ,contractionV due t tot'` temperature lli) changes. Furthermore, strains are, in this way,

avoided.

, To easily dene the most effective .width of said end slots,` so far-as the entrance of air there.-

through is concerned for `assisting in sustainingcombustion,jI,-may provide along theend ofthe bottom plate 19v of each element, a plurality of studs 28 and mounted thereon are strip members or plates 29having transverse slots ,30 through which `said studs extend. Uponsaid studsare threaded nuts 31 all as best` shown in Fig. 4.V By

loosening said nuts, said strip members 29 may*A be moved towardvor away from the associated wallA24-25 to give the desired width of slot 26--27 respectively. With such an arrangement,

itis Y*not necessaryA to. worktov such close tolerances and therefore, one size of element may be applied to lireboxes of` different lengths. The entire bottom ofv the iirebox below Asaid .elements is closed by alpan 32 which extends from the burner wall to the ilash wall and from onesideto the other of the irebox. This pan isV provided on its top surface with a suitable refractory insulating lining 32', preferably of asbestos, and :in said pan in line with each stud 28 is a hole 33 which maybe opened andclosed bya pivoted cover 34. By means of` such an arrangement,V it

is apparent that access may be had to the nuts 31 l for actuation when necessary. The pan follows the inclination of the elements and is, thereiore, v

deeper or lower at the front end than at therear end., Vlhile` itis preferable thatthe holes 33 beA corner, Ewhich corner 4is the lowest yin elevation, Y* withA a "blow-off `connection 34'A which,zi nconnecf tion'with-washout plugs 35 in the-sheets 9,; in linewith thel mouth-of said elements, Apermits the ready vcleaning of said elements".A 1

In'theburner Wall, in` line with theairinlet slot '23, before mentioned, is locatedlan-opening 35 into which projects afuel nozzle-36 -by which f fuel, su`ch`v as toil, 4may be fed `'intotherebox,V above the elements therein." A portion ofthe airi recessryrto support `coministion,` ente'rslthe rebox through'sa'id'- opening. Also disposed in' saidV lburner Wall, ypreferably to each. side of the* opening -`3 5 and below saidneIementS, are the ,sec-

ondary or"auxiliaryair f in'let openings 37 which open linto feachside ofthe air chambei-before mentioned; Entrance of airgthrough said-openf,

ings, may -befcontrolled byV damper-like doors 3 8.'Vlr -Eachfdoor is `mounted .upon a Vperpendicular shaft39 that extends down through the Y'pan 32 f and `each is provided W'ith'anarm' 40. The arms -of both doors are'suitably connected with-linkage eabj of the locomotive.) 1 Y In the present instance, yI have shown apair of siphons 41 in the Viirebox and each'siphom includes a perpendicularly disposed, substantially triangularl-y shaped, l `fiat, hollow staybolted vbody 42. The elongated top'end of eachfsiphonbody is openand'gis welded ina suitable opening'inthe-v crown sheet while the bottom 1 endV of said. body terminates ina tubularr neck43 connected to a= by which said doors'may be operatedj'from the suitable diaphragm-i4 inthe inner throat sheetPv just "above the horizontal portion ofthe burner Ink Fig'. 7, fis illustrated Vof construction'wherein the inner `closedje'ndsfoi? .the .elements yare made with 'abulge 22a. With such a construction itis preferable to spacev said Y ployed `in a lirebox is dependent upon thewidth 'foftheiireboi'iandwhen-apair-of -such siphons vare Yemployed,-they are disposed oneupon eachside of thefrneclianline of the rebox. f 1 51h-thatform-ofmy invention Vin which the ele--` mentsterminate in such spaced relation as Atopr'ovide; a uniform narrow slotfllike: air` `i1 1letf2- l`,l as best-shown diagrammatically inlig. 8, the elements. gare notY truly #rectangular in shape. However, they Vcan be made ingdiierent'shapea ifdesired; -Thus,*'they` maybe, made sothat the longitudinal slot between' the* elements increases .inwidth-towardthe rear end, as V'shown diagrammatically-at"23-a inFig. 9,` or so that it increases in '-Widtlr' toward 'theffrontv end, vas shown dia 5 grammameauyfat231iin Fig. 1o."` 'Y Instead yof* the Jelements'being straight flatr V ones, asgshown' vin Figs. 2" and 3y; they maybe made With-1a reversedcurved `formation-,as indi- @md at' :1.712 nuFie-Bi:

^ /bulgesa-greater distance apart to provide awider *fair inlet 23e.

' .In connection with any of the structures, vI-nia'y provide re bricks 45 having taperingsides which rest upon .the closed sides of v the-element.l Said taperingsidesrof thefiire brick may be provided Y with grooves 46 'through whichair .may enter fromthe inlet 230,'intoV the rebox. .These bricks, of.course,reach a high .temperature and should the nozzle36; which atomizes the fuel,`disch argelf droplets o f the saine,`the`se drpletswill fall upon said fbricks Yand `will'be.gimmediatelyvaporiedljf are reduced. f

tent.

other end ofthe element;`

--In`operation, with the -fuelforced linto the iire-g through the nozzle opening vv35. e 'Secondary lor auxiliaryyair fenters the' air chamber beneath the elements l'llthrugh-the openings 3 7jand this air is preheated-in-said'chamber by contact with the various heated surfaces thereof. VApart of 'v this heated Yse ':on`dt\lr-y'air entersl the rebox'gto assist in combustion, =not only -through'the longi' tudinalv median" slot 23V but also `through )the` transverse endslots 26, 27 g "Thus, "instead of but a single Vairinlet at .the center of the firebox, the air`-enters-at`A di'ierentfpoints whereby 1a' better distribution-is provided -for the same so that a. cleaner'and more efficient combustion results. The intense heat, -fromthe" fuel I burning in v suspension-over those portions of the elements 1 exposed there'to, causesv a rapid absorption. of

passes to-and isabso'rbedby'the WaterV 'in' the upper vhalf a ofjsaid elements, greatly increasing theteniperaturethereof andconverting some of wardfinclination of saidV` elements, alike `flow is imparted -to'this'exceedinglyhot 'wateig colder water from the side Water legs flowingalong the bottom `wall of theelement towardfthe closed .Y f

sides of the elements. Because of the upward and yrearward inclination of -said elements, la greater gravitation Vfaction of the water is felt in 1 said v`elements;'whereby 'circulation asV indicated by the arrows is increasedfto an appreciable exi Also, counter` currents are? set -upfinv the flements', asindicated by the. 'arrows in Figs. -2 and heat by the top Wall parts thereof, which in turn,

l 3, so -that'colder-water passes into each-'element n elementsf alongland justl above the mud-ring.y 125i `Thus the-'elements described, each of which/has o nly one;1common or combined inlet'and outlet, not v*only v v -increase the acti-ve Water.` heating Asurface oa rebox lof this-kind but insure a conditionjingthe various water legswhi'cheliniinates any still or quiet area of water therein, with theresultfthat there is less scale accumulation which u vvouldfretard heat absorptionv by the water -It? is "appare-nt that the highest temperature and 'greatest flame; volume Vwhich can radiantly effect the'sur'faces or walls of said velements -exf tionof the upward circulation at said'en'd and a corresponding downward accelerationat lthe Thus inconnectionVV with the' water movement,inward and down! ward along'the bottom wall of l theelement and' outward y and upward along the vtop wall; there is'also provided a'long'itudinalilow of Waterto- Ward the hotter end of the element rwhichina Vjterially essistsfinv the better distribution'of water l inthe1-water llegs and the lodging-sof sludge and ff-,

posed thereto, is'at that endV Vofthe ireboxf ope, positegthe fuel nozzle. This higher temperature atsaid end of said element willcauseaccelera- 14E .'2. A locomotive boiler `for burning in suspension over sa'ide elern nts. Y

sediment inthe bottom end portions of the elements from which it can be easily flushed.

It is also apparent that the iiame of thefuel burning in suspension Substantially iills-thefireboit and envelopes the entireoutersurface ofthe; siphons The water therein is heatedtofan eX treinely high temperatureandapartjthereof is converted into steam and this passes out througli the top opening V,of the `Siphon into the boiler AconversioncJ-,a coal burning .locomotive to one burning fuel in suspension with but a smallarnount of4 labor and material and `thereconv` versionback into ac oal burner rnayalsobeq solely by :the various-'flanged the r eoi, from the` Side Sheets it isaprarent that theyl may 115K to come andgo with theccntraction and expansion due toteinperature changes;A I n those struc;

rtures whereinbriclrs ll5'areemployed, as such,

bricks are loose andmerelyfrest vgn the-adjacent sidesof the elements, theycanyshift to the eX-. tent necessary toaccorninodate the movement of the elements-as before mentioned. f

It will be understood that seine 0I" the 22e of KVadjacent,elements may omit .theair grooves 46., In this way itis possible urtherto regulate the air supply and properly adjust it to the particular installation. v vWhile in describing vthe invention, I havere-f ferredin detail tot the for-in, arrangement and construction, of, the various` .parts'thereof, the 1 same vis' to be considered merely as` illustrative, and therefore, I do not wish to be limited `thereto except as may be specically set forthjin the appended clairns. f l u f I claim as my invention:v

' l. Av locernotivev boiler embodying therein a firebox having side sheets defining the inner sides` oi side' water legs, 'saidvside water legsbeing closed. at the bottom, a holiow water circulating and steaming bottom vtherefor having opposite ly inclined transversely disposed portionswhich are fixed in therespectiveside sheets and which openlinto respective side water-legs, saidhollowf water circulating and steaming bottom extend- A j ing longitudinally of the iirebox at an angle to -f the horizontal and to theplane of thedziottomgv closure ofthe side Water legs,l and `as burner positioned to discharge fuel]ioreburning in sus--Y pension over saidhollow waterrcirculating and steaming bottom.

embodying therein, a iirebozk:` havingside sheets .denning the inner sides vof side water legs, a pair of hollow waterfcirculating and steaming icleinents, each open, along one side, said open side Ybeing fixedin an associated sidesheet, each said elementgbeing inclined transversely lof the rebox, long itudi.-. nallyrof the nrebox and pafticularly-foreand aft withrespect tothe plane of the side waterk leg, and a` burner, positionedy to ldischarge fuel reas-,soa

n ijebogr having side .sheetsdening the innerv sides of side water legs, a pair of hollow water circulating and steaming elements,v each open along one lside said open side being xed in an associated sidesheet, so that it is inclined downwardly and yinwardly transversely of the firebox and fore and aft at an angle to the horizontaland to the plane ofl the bottom of the side water leg longitudinally of the rebox, and.A a burner positioned to discharge fuel for burning in suspension oversaid elements, y Y,

AV locomotive boiler embodying therein a rebox having side sheets, a pair of hollowrwater circulating and steaming elements, each ,closed alonngione side vandboth ends, and open'along the other `side and which latteris'iixed an asscciatedside sheet, s o that it is inclined downvwardly and inwardly transversely ofthe iirebox` and Vupwardly andv rearwardly longitudinally of the-,iireboX` with respect to the bottom of; the

side wateifleg, anda burner positioned to discharge fuel vfor burning in suspension over said elements. y

5. ,A locomotive boiler embodying therein a rebox having side. sheetsA defining the inner sides'` of side, water legs and front and back sheets, .front and back walls` arranged adjacent the iront Vand back sheets, and a hollow water' 'circulating and steaming bottom for the nreboxv having side portions opening into the vside water legs, said water bottom being of less length than they distance between said front/and back walls, therebylforming air feeding slots, and a burner t positioned to discharge fuel 'for vburning in sus-Y briclg 45. which span the space Zqbetyveen the bulges pension, over vsaidfhollo'vv Water bottom.

1 6. A ,locomotive boiler f embodying` therein Aa `ii'rebrnr having side sheets denin'gthe inner sides or side water legs and front and back sheets,

front and back `walls arranged adjacent `the front and bachsheets, and ahollowwater circulating and steaming, bottom for thejiirebox having side portions openingiinto the side water legs, said water bottom beingof less length than the distance between said iront and baci; walls,.

thereby forming air feeding slots, means or controlling the area of saidslots, and a'burner positionedtto discharge fuel for` burning in suspension over said hollow .water bottom. Y

, '7. A locomotive boiler einbod rebox having side sheets' ,defining the inner sides of side-water legs and front and back sheets,A front and back walls arranged adjacent the jing therein ka A front and back sheets,` a hollOW Watercirculat-V K ing and steaming bottom for 'the liirebox having oppositely inclined transversely i disposed portions, Ywhich Y are yfixed in; the respective side sheets, and which open intofrespective side water legs, said water bottoni extending longitudinally of rthe firebox at an angle to thebott'om of the side jwater" legs, and" said watergbottozn being of less length than 'the distance between said'iront and back walls', thereby formingair feeding slots,

and" burner positionedV to discharge iuelior burning insuspension'over said hollow water bottom.` f Y J23g-A` locomotive boiler embodying therein a sides" offside 'waterrlegs and frontand back sheets, front andffback walls arranged adjacent the irontY and'backsheets, la pair of hollowwater fhav-ingside sheets defining the innerV circulating andsteaming elements, each open along onefsidej saidopen side vbeing xed in an associated 'side sheet, and each 'element being longitudinally with respectto the horizontal and` inclined transversely ci theiirebox and inclined,

sheet sothat it is inclined downwardly.'` Vand inwardly transversely of the rebox and upwardly of water legs', a pairof ,hollowvwater circulating 1tothe plane of the bottom of vthe side ,Waterleg said elements being offless length than the. distancebetween said front and back walls, theref ,by 'forming air feeding slots,` and a burner vpositioned to discharge fuel for burning over said hollow' waterbottom.. y

.9. A locomotive boiler embodying thereinV a sidewater, leg longitudinally ofthe rebox,"said Y elements being,L of .less length". thanV thedisftance between said front and back walls`,fthereby forming air feeding slots, .and aburner positioned to dischargel fuel forburning in suspension` over said hollow watery bottom.

n 10. A locomotive .boilerl embodying therein a iireboxhaving side sheets defining. thejinner sides of side water legs and frontandback sheets, front and back lwallsrarranged adjacent the front'and back sheets., a pair offhollow waterv circulating and steamingelements, each closed along'onefside and both ends and open along-theother side tance between said' frontand back'wall's, thereby firebox and toward the front end and middle plane water circulating and steamingbottom, thereby andwhichlat'ter isjfixed in anassociatedV side and rearwardly. longitudinally of the rebox with respect to the bottomfofithe side water' leg, said elements beingfoflessjlength lthanithe disforming airZfeed-ingslotaandja burner positioned to discharge fuel for-burning in` suspension over said hollow water bottom.'V

Y 11. Allocomotive" boiler` embodying thereina reboxhaving sidewater legs, a hollow water cir` culating and `steaming 'bottomftherefor, having portions which open into opposite sidewater legs,

' a rebox bottom closureextending acrOSstheV firebox unde`r1 and in Y spacedr relation. to Vthe hollow forming an fair preheatingA chamber beneath the l atter,-a burner vpositioned to discharge fuelfor burning in suspension overthe-hollowwater circulating and steaming bottom, and openings for admittingair nrst into said preheating chamber and then intothe combustion chamber."

12;'A locomotiveboiler embodying therein a` rebox having side nwater legs closedat .the bottom, a hollow water circulating'andsteaming bottom. therefor havingoppfositely inclined'transversely .disposed portions "whichv openl into the side water legs, and which, longitudinallyof the rebox, extend at anangle to the .bottom/closure of the sidewater; legs, a closure extending across the :FireboxV` under and in spaced relation tothe hollow water` circulating and steaming bottoni, therebyiorming kan air preheating chamber,V a

lburner vpositioned toV disclfiarge fuel ;forburning in suspension` overffthe l'iollow` water circulating andsteaming bottom;` `and an" opening Y for ,ad`

mlttmg am from' Sald preheamgL @amber to the*- longitudinally,Y with the. clcsednside's vin4 spaced and steaming elements, each open valc'pngone side,

said open -side `beingf "fixed in: anj associatedv 'side sheet so'that.' iti'is' inclineddownwardlyand inf in suspensiiufiY tothe bottom of the side waterleg longitudinally vof the iireb'ox, a closure extending acrossthe Ire- 'f boxwunderandinspacedrelation to the 'hollow'. n

water circulating and steamingv bottom, thereby," -forniing anair preheat'ing chamber, a burner positioned'to"dischargefuel; for burning in suspension over thefhollow water circulating and U ste'arningbottoim and an opening for admitting vairv from said -preheating chamber Ato the com. 4bustion Chamber;

14; A locomotivejfboiler embodying't'l'ierein aL iirebox having sidevr sheets deningfthe inner sides of'water legs; al pairof" hollow water' cir.'-

both Vends and onesideand yopenalong the otherv wardly and rearwardly longitudinally` ofthe fire'- box with respect Ato" thebottom ofthev side water leg, 'a closure'extending across the rebx under and Vinspaced relation to the hollow water circu-Y jlating and steamngbottom,'thereby forming an airfpreheating chamber, afburner positioned to discharge fuel for burning in suspensionover 10.0 -the hollow water circulating and steamingbot# 'y tom, andan' opening for admitting air fromjsaid preheating, chamber to the combustion chamber. y

1 5'. A locomotiveV boilerembodying thereinfa rebox having lside sheets` dening the` inner sidesA of sideiwater legs, a pair of hollow water circulating and steaming elements eachclosed' along. one

side'. and openalong the other side an'd. each of which latter, is i'lxedgin an associated side sheet so that', said, element' extendsjdownwardly, forjurznalrdly and inwardly from therear endbf' the thereotand hence longitudinally' at a downward angle tothe bottom of, the respective side ,water leggthef, lower' edgesv of such 'inclined elements being Yspacedapart to providefor the inlet ofaii;

upwardbetweenthem,and an airjpreheating :chamber underlying Lsaid elementsand'extend;

fing from end to end thereof. 1

t 16. ,A.vlocomotive.y boiler ,embodying'th'erein N' a.

rebox having 'side 'sheets` defining the innersides of sidey waterleg's; apair ohollow water circulat-r ing 4and steaming elements eachclosed along one side andfopen along theother side Yand, which 1 saidl elements .extend downwardly andinwardly `one Vsicle and' both end sand Vopen along. the other si'de and ,whichil'atter is fixedV in 4an associated L side sheet sofasV 4to extend "downwardly and in-V wardly therefrom;transversely -of the lreboxjandr atan 'angle tothe bottoni ofthe side water legs'- relation, into providev a longitudinal air inlet open- 'ingsaidjvopen'side of 'each element'f providing ylatter isxedginfanassociated side sheet yso that 125 -.therefrom,-transverselybi theV i'ebox and upfist ,145'. both th'inlet and', outlet for.' saidrelement' disi-V posedl indirect communication with the associat- 7 5 i Wardlyl weefsel-refillsffboxf and' at an wel@ .sonV over Seid; elemente aridi-fan ai? .geheeig i5@ 18. A locomotive boiler `embodying `therein a rebox having side sheets deiining the inner side of side water legs, a pair of hollow water circulating and steaming elements each'closed along Vone side and both ends and open along th'eother side which is `fixed. in an associated side sheet so as to extend downwardly' and inwardly therefrom,

VVtransversely of the rebox andlongitudinally at an anglewith respect to the bottomk of theside ywater legsfwith the closed sides o said elements .in spaced relation, means bridging thespace be/ @--j 4tweensaidlclosed sides of said elements and formed tolp'rovide longitudinallyV spaced air inlet openings'therealong that open into thel rebox fand an air preheating chamber underlying said Y elements and extending `fromend to end thereof.

.- ASheet softhat said element extends downwardly and inwardly from saidf side sheets, the closed sidesof said elements terminating in such spaced relation as to provide al longitudinal air slot of varying width and an air preheating chamber underlyng said elements and extending from end 307 to end thereof ,e Y

`20. Av locomotive boiler embodying therein a -iirebox havingl side sheets, a pair of hollow water 'circulating and steaming elements each closed r along one side and both ends and open along the n `3`5`` other side and whichlatterlis iixed in'an associated side sheet so that said element extends downwardly andA inwardly therefrom, with the vclosedvsides of said elements in spaced relation, to" Vprovide a'longitudinal air inlet lopeningya 40' burner walljand a flash wall at opposite-'ends `of the Firebox,v one of said walls being spacedifrom' said associated end of said elements. f' *f '45 Y therassociated end of said elements to provide an air inlet slot between saidone of said vwalls an Y 2l. A locomotive boiler embodying therein a iirebox having side sheetsya pairlof hollow water circulating'and steamingl elements eachjclosed (lil along one` side and both ends and open along the other side and whichV latter is xedin an asso- 50.

ciated side sheet so that* said `'elements' extend downwardly and inwardly thereirom,r with the closed sides of said elements in spacedrelation to provide a' longitudinal air inlet opening, a burnery wall'and a flash wall at opposite ends of the nre- 4 xbox,Y both of Said walls being spacedvfro'm the associated ends of said elements to provide air inlet slots between said walls and said associated ends ofjsa'id elements.

" `2`2QA locomotive boilerembodying therein a viirebox` having side sheetsi fa pair of hollow water circulating Vand steaming elementsV each closed yalongo'ne side andboth ends-and openy along" the other side and which latter is .'fixed in van t associated side sheet so that said'element ex.-

Ylation to provide Ya longitudinal air;inlet opentends downwardlyand 'inwardly therefrom,y with the Vclosedsides of saidaelernentsjin spacedreing,a burner wall and a flash wallY at opposite v. `ends4 offA the rebox, Y one of saidA walls being spaced ,from the associated end of saidelements ,to providean airY inlet slot .between said-one yof said walls and said associated end of said elements and means-rior controlling "the area of 23. Aliocmotive boiler Ve'mbbe-y'n`1.g therein a 1 n l1,934,80o Y chamber underlying said elements and extending fromv end to end thereof.

iireboxV having side sheets, a pair 0I hollow `lwater circulating and steaming elements each closed along one side and both ends and open along the other side and which latter is fixed in an lassociated side sheet so that said element extends downwardly and inwardly therefrom, with .the closed sidesv of said elements in spaced relation to provide a vlongitudinal air inlet opening, a' burner wall and a iash wall at opposite Y t ends'4 ofthe iirebox, one of said walls being spaced Lfrom thev associated end of said elements 'to provide an air inlet slot between' said one of'said walls and said associated end'ofy said elements and means for controlling the, width orsaidslot. v 242A locomotive boilerembodying therein a irebox'havingside sheets,` a pair of hollow water "circulating and steaming `elements each` closed along v one side and both endsand open along the vother side and which latter is fixed in an associated side sheet so that 'said element extends downwardly and inwardly thererom,'with `theclo'sed sides ofisaidelements in spaced relation, to provide a longitudinal lairinlet opening,vafburner wall and a flash'wall at opposite ends'or the iirebox, oneof said walls being spaced from the associated end of saidy elements to. provide anA an air inlet slot between said one of said walls and said associated end of said elements and means carried by saidassociated vend of' said elements for controlling the width ofsaid slot;` j j f 25,' Avlocomotivek boiler e VVbodying therein a iirebox -having side sheets, a pair of. hollow water circulating Yandi-steaming elements each closed along one side and both ends and open 'along the other v'side and which latter is iixed in an associated side sheet so that saidelement extends Ydownwardly and: inwardly therefrom,

`withthe closed sides of said elements in spaced relation, to provide av longitudinal air inlet opening, a vburner Vwall and a iiash wall at opposite endslof the iireb'ox'fboth of saidfwalls-'being spaced Afrom theassociated ends of said elements toprovide ,air inlet slots between said walls and saidY associated ends of said elements and means for controlling the areas of said slots.

" 26. A locomotive boilerl embodying therein `a iirebox having side sheets, a pair of hollow'water circulating and steaming elements' each closed along yone side vand both ends and open along the other side and which latter is'iixed in an associated side sheet sov that saidv element eX- ltendsdownwardly and inwardly therefrom, with the closed sides of said elements in spaced relation, to provide a longitudinal air inlet opening, a burner walland flash wall atcopposite ends of the firebox, both of said walls being spaced from vthe vassociated Vends of said elements to provide airinlet slots between said walls and said associatedends of said elements,V .and'vmeans Vfor controlling the width of said slots.

271A locomotiveboiler embodyingV therein a lreboxhaving"'side sheets, apair o'f hollowr water Vcirculating and-'steaming elements each vclosed A `along one 'side' andmboth ends andlfopenl alongv 'theother side and which latter Vis iixed in an associated sid'e'sheet so that said relement extends downwardly and inwardly' therefrom, with the closed sides of=sai`d elements in spaced relation' to provide a longitudinal air inlet opening, a burner wall and a flashwall at opposite ends of the iirebox,V both ot"V said walls ybeing spaced 'from the-'associated ends'Y offsaid elements-to lJOVde ai? inlet 'slots'between said walls and- @Lannoo Asaid assoiatedendsof said elements, andmeans carried by Ysaid 'associatedpends Vof said. elements for controlling the v lidth.. of said slots.

28. Alocomotive bo'ler ,embodying thereina firebox having-side sheets, ay pair of hollow Water inwardly therefrom, with the closed sides of said,

elements in spaced relation and refractory members resting at opposite sides on said closed sides of said elementsto bridge the space between the same and formed to vprovide air inlet openings that open at oppositesdes into the rebo-x.

29. A locomotive boiler embodying thereina rebox having side sheets, a pair of hollow water circulating and steaming. elements each closed along one side and both ends and open along thek other side and which latter is xedin an associated side sheet so as to extend downwardly and inwardly therefrom, with the closed sides of said elements in spaced relationmeans bridging the space betweensaid closed sides of said elements and formed to provide longitudinally spaced air inlet openings therealong that open into the reboX, a burner and a flash wall at opposte ends of the iirebox, both of said walls being spaced vfrom the associated ends of said` elements to provide air inlet slots for said ends of the rebox.

30. A locomotive boiler embodying therein a rebox having side sheets defining the inner side Y of side water legs which are bottomed byY a mud ring, a pair of hollow Water circulating and steaming elements, each closed along one side-and both ends and open along the other sidev which is fixed in an associated side sheet sothat saidl element extends Ydownwardly and `inwardly Vfrom said side sheets, withV the closedlsides in spaced relation,- said eleinents also' being inclined down- Wardly toward the front of the rebox with respect to said mud ring;

31. A locomotive boiler embodying thereinv a reboX havingv side Sheets, a pair of hollow water circulating andv steaming elements, each closed along one 'side and both ends and Vopen along the other sideV and which latter is fixed-inten associated side sheet'so that said"element extends downwardly and inwardly vfrom said side sheets,

l the closed sides of said elements being in av spaced relation, to provide a longitudinal air inlet slot, said elements also being. inclined downwardly to-l ward the front of the fireboX anda burner wall and a flash wallet opposite ends ofthe reboX, 4

one of said walls being'spaced from, the associated end of said element-to, provide a transverseair inlet slot between said one vof said walls and said end of said elements. f jij. Y

32. A locomotive .boiler embodying therein a firebox having side sheets,- apairof hollow water circulating and :steaming elements, each closed along one sideand both ends and openalong the other side and which latter is Xed in an associated side sheet so that said element extends downwardly and inwardly from said side sheets, the

closed sides of said elements being in a spaced- V relation, to provide longitudinal air inlet slot,

' 'said element also beinginclined downwardly to- -ward the front of therebox anda burner wall and a ash wall at opposite -ends Vof lthe rebox,

both of said walls being spaced from the Vassociated ends of said elements to provide transverse air inlet slots between said ends of saidelements ,.rebox having side -water legs bottomed by a mud ring, ajpair of vhollow water circulating and 'steaming elements each closed along one side and bothendsandopenalong the other side and which latter is lXed-in a side sheet of the rebox soyasfto communicate with an associated side atan inclination to the horizontal as well as to plane of said mud ring to promote and direct circulation and also tor provide a sludge pocket in said water leg which is deeper at the rear end than it is at the front end; l

34. A locomotive boiler embodying therein a rebox having side sheets, a pair of hollow water circulating and steaming elements, each closed along one side and both ends and open'alongthe other side and which latter is xed in an associated side sheet. so that said element extends downwardly and inwardly from said side sheets, the closed sides of said elements being in a spaced relation to form a longitudinal air inlet slot, a burner wall and a flash wall at opposite endsof the reboX, one of said walls being spaced from an associated endof said elements to pro- `vide, a transverse `air inlet slot between said one v tends'downwardly and inwardly from said side in a spaced relation, a burner wall and a flash wall at opposite ends of the rebox, both of said walls being spaced from the associated ends of said elements to there provide transverse air in--, let slots and means coactingwith said elements to provide an airchamberV beneath said elements and with'which said air inlet opening and slots communicate. Y

36. A locomotive boiler embodying therein a iirebox Vhaving side sheets, a pair of hollow waterY circulating and steaming elements, each closed along one side and both ends and open along vthe'iother side and which latter is Xed in an associated side sheet so that said element-extends downwardly and inwardly'from said side sheets, the closed sides of said elements being in a spaced relation, a burner wall and a flash wall at opposite ends of the Arebox, vone of said walls'being spaced from an assocatedend of said elements to provide a transverse air inlet -slot rbetween said one of said walls, and said associatedend of said elements, means coacting with said elements to provide an air chamberV beneath said elements and'with which said'air inlet opening and slot communicate, there being a lprimary Vair inlet -in said burner wall opening into the rebox above said elements, and a fuelnozzle in said primary air inlet, there being-secondary air inlets in said burner' wall opening into said chamber.

37. AY locomotive'boiler'embodying thereinf a Y .rebox having side sheets, a pair of hollow waterA circulating and steaming elements,- eachfclosed *along one side and both ends and open along the other side andwhich 'latterisfxed in an asso- 1 .provide an air chamber beneath said elements land'with which' said airV inlet opening and slot communicate, there being a primary air inlet in said burner wall opening vinto the rebox above said e1e1nents,a fuel nozzle in said primary air inlet, there being secondary air inlets in said burner wall opening into said chamber and means for controlling the effective area of said secondary air inlets.

" CHARLES GILBERT HAWLEY.

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