US1918436A - Discharging device for centrifugal machines - Google Patents

Description

July 18, 1933. G, TER MEER 1,918,436

DISCHARGING DEVICE FOR CENTRIFUGAL MACHINES Fi led Aug. 15, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig. 1

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DISCHARGING DEVICE FOR CENTRIFUGAL MACHINES Filed Aug. 15, 1931 6:01.19 15/ Mel mg interference with the -smooth and Patented July 18, I

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V GUSTAV mam-MEER-OE MUnIoi-I, GERMANY,

essxenon'm onniannr iano mme, a

v mscmeme nnvrcni Ion diiNTrimnA "Certain features of this application are included in German, applications filed Julynl, 1930 and Aug. 20,1930. U This invention relates to-such. baskets of "centrifugal 7 machines,

separation of solid ,materials" from liquids or sludges and in whichthesolid materials are depositedlin layers on the inner surface ofthe basket, from where they are removed after the completion "of V the separating process by means of a so-called-scraping or peeling device Without stoppage of. the haskct As a rule such discharging device v, consists of a scraping or peeling knife, called a scraper, which is fitted either .to a hinged bracket or a box-shaped carrier.

scraped-ofl' material is allowed to drop on i an inclined discharge spout or chute pro- -truding into the basket or drum," on which it ,can slideout of the latter. Block'ages are often encountered on centrifugal ma-- chines of this design at or in thefscraper box, which leads to annoy continuous working of themachines. iThis drawback has its origin chiefly, in the fact, that certain materials are, of a viscous 'nature, thus liabletto stick to-the: walls of the ,ydischai ging device. The disturbing factor is further enhanced by the fact, thatythe scrap'edpfi material is thrown fairly heavily against owing to the revolving speed'of the basket, iGradually the clear passageof thedischarging device is choked .until' no further mate:

rial can pass through the dischargespout or chute. 1 The machinemus'tfthen be stopped g and the discharging devicecleared. V In order. 1 40 'to facilitate the sliding-off of thescraped ofl? material from the discharging chute it'would" be the simplest way to niake the incline of thechute as steep as possible, but the anglelof the incline is limited 'fortechnicalreasonsg' i The above mentioned considerations have led to the employment of a worm conveyorfor the emptying of a basket :OIl various,occasions. A discharging device onth'ese: lines provcs'however dlfiicultto design and in consequence very costly.- On th'e'other.

' Application: filed ugust is, 193i; 'seiia no. 557,31 worm cases, I H V g p v trire are easily destroyed by treatment of which servev for-the 1 examplesh'o'w the be worked: in accordance'with the} present 7 the Walls of the discharging device .mventlon; pqrrrespondmgiparts Quilt-van" hand a z anafia a a- June 51o, 1930, f f

because materials of crystalline "strucsuch'kind.

, One object of improve ijthefirst the' -pres'ent invention is to 3 ,canno-tlbc;employedan n1 described discharging'de Vice. 6 It 1 provides 'principallyfjmeansby, V

which the discharging device or certain conveyance of the-materials. As an ,irnpo'r? f'tantfeature of the *present invention, 'the 'knocker is automatically brought-zlinto*operation' when the scraping or peeling device is so that a sticking 2 or clingin'g" be "produced in: vario s 'atshort intervals against the'menibersi-of the V I dischargingappliancc,- which serve for the h the discharge 'broughtinto cutting relationship with the. v I Y solids accumulated on'lthe inner periphery ,Further information of the ia'vennta as givenin detail below.- 1

The accompanying drawings show various dischargingdevice may Tfig QS are provided with similar refer- "encecharacters. 1

1 a" vertlcal lon "ofa cenr if. Dfi gitudinal section i throughacentrifugal; machine,1 on which a mechani'cal beating 'deviceor knocker acts upon the arrangedbelowthe scraper'carrier, and j 1 discharge chute "or spout, which ish v .Eig; isa front elevation of the centrifuf galfimachine inHaccordance with Figure 3,

partly'sectioned, partly elevation. Referring to "Figuresll and 2, =1 is the Shaft ot the centrifugal machine, "running 1 r 'Fig; 1 is a vertical longitudinalfsection-3d V V througha' centrifugal machine with'aknock- .ing, device, driven by compressed air ,and

- 'in'two. bearings.

, shaft is a basket or drum 2, into whichthe Rigidly connected to the material to be treated is'introduced through the charge pipe 3 of known design. The

' basket is surrounded by a casing Inside .the basket a scraping device is prov ded, con- I sisting of a box-shaped scraper carrier or bracket 5 and a scraper 6, which extends nearly'across the whole width of the basket andhas its cutting edge facing the peripher-. al wall of the basket. The

scraper carrier and scraper aremovablein a vertlcal d1rec- .tion towards the shaft 1 of the machine, by

means of a cross beam 7, extending laterally from the opening'in the basket and supported by two guidecolumns 8. Thecross beam 7 is connected to a rod 9, which carries at ts top end apiston 10,. which works inside a cylinderll. Through the admission'of a suitable pressure fluid, for, instance pressure oil underneath th'e'piston- 10, the latter ;1s moved infan upward direction. If the pressure fluicl-is"howeveradmitted abovelthe i piston 10 into the cylinder 11, the piston 1 moves in a -downward direction As the piston 10is rigidly connected with the scrap.- ing device, as stated above, the latter moves correspondingly with the piston. The scraping; device however comes into actiononly after the-separating period of the process is completed in thexbasket 2. For discharg- 1' scraped-off material from.

' graduallyv the passage ing the contents ofthe; basket the "scraper carrier or bracket 5 isn oved at slow speed towardsthe peripheralwall of the basket, so

that the scraper6 comes in contact with'the material deposited on the inside 'of the peripheral wall of'the basket and gradually scrapes or peels the latter oflj whilst the basket is in motion.

charge spout or chute312, which protrudes into the basket 2, thus sliding off and out of In order to prevent the sticking to the 5 and thus clogthe a machine.-

Walls of the scraper carrier scraper carrier,-blows are given at short inably purpose a V vided and. supported for instance by the The knocker may preferflexible conduit 14. To regulate the number and intensityof the blows-exerted by the device 13 to suit. the material under treatment,

' a control member 15 is interposed in the-con- 7 that the 'duit 14, .As the knocker isoperated only during the period of discharge itsaction .is preferably made autom-atlc n such manner,- knocker isset going and stopped through the movement of the scraping device. For this purpose thecompressed air During this process the scrapedbffmaterial drops through the hollow scraper carrier 5 on the inclined dis-- through thesaid I preventing interference of the cam 22 and the portion to valve 16 canbe provided with a bell crank 17, which acts in conjunction with a stop 18 on the cross beam 7 in such manner, that an upward movement of the scraping device opens the compressed air valve 16 and a i downward. movement of they cross beam" closes thesame. 1

It is obvious, that the knocker 13 can be "actuated in some other manner, be it mechanor otherwise, without dev1- ically, electrically ating from the principal idea of this invention. V j J A mechanicallyioperated knocker is shown asan example in the-type as illustrated in Figures '3 and'4, wherein the knocker or beater acts uponthe discharge chute12 in contrast to the'type described above. The knocker.

consists in this'instance of a hammer-shaped body 18, the stem of which 19 is pivoted in the bearing 20. A spring 21,pressing uponthe hammer stem, throws the knocker 18 against the lateral wall of the discharge chute 12. i The lower endof the hammer stem 19, is under the control of a cam 22, so that its revolutions cause the'knocker 18 to move away from'the lateral wall 12 of the'chute' against the pressure of thespring-21. As soonas the raised portion of the cam 22 loses touch with the stem 19, the knocker 18 strikes the lateral wall of the discharge chute 12 under the act-ion ofthe spring pressure, thus, causing vibration in the discharge chute. process'is repeated at short intervals, long the cam 22 rotates in a clockwise This direction as seen in Fig. 4. This'rotation is effected by a gear set 23. The drive of the gear .setand thereby of the knocker is autoj 'matic, because this device is connected with the cross beam 7 of the scraping device through the rod 24, whose lower portion is V shaped as rack, meshing with one of the gears of'the gear. set 23. As'soon as the scraping device comes into action by being moved in an upward. direction, I are rotated through the rod 24, which moves in an upward direction also;

Any suitable means may be provided for hammer ,lever 19during lowering ofcthe scraper. For mstance," unidirectional rod 24 and the shaft upon which said gear is ting said'gear to rotate idly around said shaft .in a clockwise direction. Instead of such clutch the lower end portion of the hammer lever may-be connected to the body of the leverby a kneejoint permitting. said lower It is obvious, that this invention is not re stricted to the types shown in the drawings.

It is forinstance possible without any difliounted, thisclutcli driving said shaft'in a coimter'clockwise direction as shown in Fig. 4, but permit the gears of the set 23 115. .clutch may be positioned between the gear j which meshes 'with the rack swing only in a clockwise direcculties to form the shaking" viz knocking de vice and its drive in a difierent manner. The idea of the invention bases rather on the fact,,that parts of the discharge device are subjected to vibration, so that a sticking'or clinging of the scraped-off material to the same is avoided.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desireto protect by Letters Patent is: I

1. A centrifugal machine, includinga ro-.

A centrifugal machine, including a rotatable separating drum having aperipheral wall on which separated solids collect, a

scraper inside of said drum and n ovable into and out of scraping relationship with the peripheral wall, a chute positioned under said.

scraper 'for conductingthe scraped solids from the drum, a knocker vibrating said chute and loosening material which may adhere thereto, and'm'eans controlled. by the movement of said scraper for controlling the operationof'said'knocker.

3. A centrifugal machine, including a sep-l arating drum having a peripheral wall for J the collection of separated 'solids,avscraper inside-of said drum and movable toward and from said wall',,ca chute below said scraper,

a knocl er adapted to vibrate against said chute for releasing material which mayadhere thereto, means operated by the .movement otsaid scraper nto operating position for controlling the operation of said knocker,

and means forrendering said knocker in operative upon movement of said scraper away from its operative position.

4. A centrifugal-machine, including a rotatable separating drum'having a peripheral wall, a scraper within said drum, means for moving said scraper into and out of scraping relationship withsaid peripheral wall, an inclined walldisposed under the scraper for i carrying oil scraped material from the region near said scraper, a pneumatic knockena valve for co-ntrollingthe operation of said knocker, and means operated by the move ment of saidscraper into and out of scraping relationship with said peripheral wall for.

I opening and closing said valve.

arating drum open at oneend and having a peripheral wall on which the separatedsolid 5. A, centrifugal machine, including a sepand said knocker for operating drum [adj acent nected between'the. ends side of said chute, and having one end there of adapted to come in contact drum,

under the scraper for: directing the scraped E i off material towardsaid'open end, a vpair of spaced gu de'columns'onthe outside of sa d drum adjacent to the open end of the drum, a crossbeam engaging said guide column and I connected to said scraper, means for-mov ng.

material is centered, ascraper inside or said" I an inclined wall within said drum and said cross beam along'said columnsto bring the'scraper' into or out ofciittin'g relationship scraped, a',knocker with the material to be carried by said crossbeaniand adapted to operate on said chute, andmeans j controlled 1 by the movement of said cross beam" for controllingthe operation of said kno'cker. 6. A centrifugal machine, 1nc].udinga1separating drum having a peripheral wall, a

scraper, inside. of; said drum scrapedmaterial, a pivoted hammer adjacent Q to said chute, a spring for forcing said hammer into contact with said chute, a-cam; for

moving said hammer in the opposite direction, andmeans operatedby the movement and movable toa ward and away fromsaid wall, a chute po sitioned under the scraper for receiving the.

iner about its pivot point whereby saidhain- 'mer intermittently strikessaid chute.

7. -A centrifugal machine, including a sep-' arating drum having a peripheraluwallcn which separated solids collect, a scraperinf side of said drum, a chute positioned under a member on the outside of said the scraper,

to its open end, connected to the scraper, and movable to 'bring the scraper into or out cent to said chute for striking the latter, a

cam for oscillating said hammer aboutits pivot point, a rack connectedtosaid member p of scraping relationship with said'peripheralwall, a hammer adj 8r,

ice

for movement therew1th,f'and gearing for v v transmitting movementirom: said rack to said cam upon movement. of said member.

8. A centrifugal machine', 'including a separating drum open adapted to be collected, a scraper inside. of

said Idrum, a member outside'ofsaid drum V adjacentto its open end, movable in a, ver- =ii0 g at one end. and havinga peripheral wall onwhich separated solids are tical direction and connected to said scraper, r

a chute having an inclined surface positioned under the scraper, a'hammer :pivotally cons of said chute, spring for'urging'. said end of said hammer n contact w th the walls of said chute, a camcngaging the 'otherend ber upon upward movement of said member.

With the walls a GUSrAv m MEEB; c

of said scraper towards saidperipheraliwall, for rotating said cam to oscillate of said hammenand means for transmitting x125- "rotary movement'to said cam from said mem-

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