US1917848A - Ultra-violet lamp - Google Patents

Ultra-violet lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
US1917848A
US1917848A US497132A US49713230A US1917848A US 1917848 A US1917848 A US 1917848A US 497132 A US497132 A US 497132A US 49713230 A US49713230 A US 49713230A US 1917848 A US1917848 A US 1917848A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
ultra
radiation
envelope
mercury
violet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US497132A
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English (en)
Inventor
Marden John Wesley
Rentschler Harvey Clayton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Westinghouse Lamp Co
Original Assignee
Westinghouse Lamp Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Westinghouse Lamp Co filed Critical Westinghouse Lamp Co
Priority to US497132A priority Critical patent/US1917848A/en
Priority to DEW87438D priority patent/DE681065C/de
Priority to GB31131/31A priority patent/GB389904A/en
Priority to FR40998D priority patent/FR40998E/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1917848A publication Critical patent/US1917848A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/70—Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure < 400 Torr
    • H01J61/72—Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure < 400 Torr having a main light-emitting filling of easily vaporisable metal vapour, e.g. mercury

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a lamp for the production of ultra-violet radiation and more particularly to gaseous conduction lamps of the negative glow type having a spectrum relatively rich in ultra-violet radiation of a preferred wave length.
  • ultra-violent radlation has been recognized as being particularly beneficial in therapy and in thepromotion of certain bactericidal reactions. fieretoforel the greater number of available sources ot artificial ultra-violet radiation have been arc devices utilizing carbon, iron, mercury vapor, or tungsten arcs. Such devices whlle yielding ultra-violet radiation yield such radiation in relatively large quantities whlch are dicult to control and to apply and which moreover require expensive auxillary equipment to operate.
  • the ultra-violet radiating device of the above identified copending application comprises a negative glow dis charge device of the gaseous conduction type incorporating indirectly heated cathode assemblies and mercury vapor.
  • the ultra-violet lamp is arranged for use directly from a lighting circuit of 11G-220 volts by electrically connecting a plurality of such lamps in series with a suitable ballast resistance, preferably an incandescent lamp of suitable current carrying capacity, to cut down the line voltage to that which operates the glow discharge lamps.
  • a suitable ballast resistance preferably an incandescent lamp of suitable current carrying capacity
  • the heater element of the cathode assemblies and the thermionically active indirectly heated sleeve members thereof are electrically connected in shunt relation so as to provide means to control the glow discharge of the device.
  • the combination of glow discharge device and incandescent filament lamp may be assembled in a unit and inserted in an ordinary lamp socket and allowed to burn for pro longed periods of time without the emission of deleterious amounts of ultra-violet radiation.
  • Such a device for example, set up 'in an ordinary living room may be operated with substantial safety and with substantial therapeutic benefit to those generally inhabiting the room.
  • Another. object of this invention is to facilitate the ⁇ application of ultra-violet radiation in therapy.
  • a further object of our invention is to provide an ultraviolet lamp whose envelope has at least one portion thereof whose transmission factor to the ated' therein is relatively high.
  • the type of negative glow discharge obtained -therein is distinctive over prior art devices in that it is diffused or dispersed throughout the interior of the enclosing envelope rather than being localized at or around the electrode surfaces.
  • the glow discharge being general throughout the enclosing envelope generates the 2537 Angstrom radiation in all parts of the device.
  • This radiation is in part absorbed by the mercury vapor present in the device.
  • this absorption may be reduced in large measure by limiting the vapor pressure of the mercury to within certain limits (specifically between .001 to .08 m. m. of mercury) and that the ultra-violet radiation thus obtained is relatively rich proportionally in radiation of approximately 2537 An strom.
  • his increase in the 2537 Angstrom radiation is not of the same order of magnitude as the increase in other wave length radiation as is obtained byV prior art methods, but is of greater intensity than are the lines of the other wave length radiation and may be as much as ten times asA strong as the other wave lengths of ultra-violet radiation. This makes the lamp of particular value as a source of short wave length radiation for special therapeutic purposes.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates in side elevational view partly lin section one type of ultra-violet radiating gaseous conduction Pdevice constructed in accordance with the present invention
  • l Fig. 2 illustrates in side elevational view partly in section a smaller type of such de- ⁇ v1ce.
  • the gaseous conduction device ⁇ of the present invention comprises an enclosin envelo e 1 having a reentrant stem 2 o the tip ess type through which extend leading in support wires Bland 4 from which are supported indirectly heated cathodes 5 and 6, the heater elements 7 and 8 (not shown) of which are electrically connected in series across the leading-in support wires 3 and 4 by means of conductor 9.
  • Cathodes 5 and 6 are electrically connected to leading in wires 3 and 4 by means of conductors 1() and 11 respectively.
  • a small amount of mercury 12 is enclosed within the envelope 1.
  • rIhe device is hi hly evacuated 1n any suitable manner throng tubulature 13 of the stem 2.
  • Cathodes 5 and 6 may comprise what is known in the art as oxide coated cathodes of the indirectly heated type and may be briefly -described as being comprised of a cylindrical sleeve member indicated by numerals 5 and 6 exteriorly surfaced with thermionically active alkaline earth metal compounds 14 and interiorly disposed refractory metal heater elements 7 and 8, preferably of the coil type as illustrated, and also preferably comprised of tungsten.
  • the sleeve member is provided with end plugs 15 comprised of refractory insulating material, such as alumina, for the purpose of assisting in centrally positioning the heater element and to facilitate the heating up of the sleeve member of the cathode by retaining the heat energy of the heater ele- Gments within the sleeve member.
  • end plugs 15 comprised of refractory insulating material, such as alumina, for the purpose of assisting in centrally positioning the heater element and to facilitate the heating up of the sleeve member of the cathode by retaining the heat energy of the heater ele- Gments within the sleeve member.
  • the heater elements 7 and 8 of the cathodes are electrically connected in series and in shunt relation to the cathode sleeve members 5 and 6 so that when a glow discharge passes between said sleeve members the electric current conducted thereacross is by-passed from the current flowing in said heater elements.
  • the device illustrated in Fig. 2 is substantially identical in constructional details as the device illustrated in Fig. 1 but of smaller size and the enclosing envelope 1 may be comprisedof material either pervious or impervious to ultra-violet radiations but having a portion 16 thereof relatively more pervious to ultra-violet radiation than the remainder of the envelope.
  • Portion 16 may comprise, for example, a bulbous thin glass Window, such as has heretofore been disclosed in U. S. Patent No. 1,735,302, issued November 11, 1929, to C. M. Slack, which Ipatent is as# signed to the same assignee as the'presentinvention.
  • the window is of substantially the -same composition and)4 is homogeneously' united with vthe Imajor portionof the envelope.
  • f1 d the mercury vvapor pressure of the glow dis'- charge device illustrated in Figsrl and 2 the constructional features of which have en disclosed and claimed in copending application Serial No.- 437,659 above identified,- is limited to a range of from .001 to L08 m. m. of mercury. 1 ⁇ I- ,if
  • the device in order to obtain this 4wel preferably design the device so that :the heat radiating capacity ofthe device is sufficient to main'- tain the intern-altemperatures thereof between 20 C. andv 75 C.- At vapor pressures of'mercury above approximately .O8 1n. m. of mercury the 2537- Angstrom line of ultra-violet radiation is'matrially absorbed.
  • the device illustrated is of relatively large heat generating capacity, the cathodes being designed to give relatively large amounts" of ultra-vio et' radiation. Accordingly the mercury 12 is collectedin a protuberance 17 having a more or less restricted opening ⁇ 18 Within theenvelope l so that there is a limited exposure oit the mercury 12 to the lheat energy liberated With inthe envelope 1 during operation of the device. As the vapor pressure' of mercury may rise to .08 n1. m.
  • the construction 18 may be made relatively small. With lesser heat energy input the mercury may be left fully exposed to the heat radiation as is illustrated in Fig. 2.
  • An ultraviolet lamp of the gaseous conduction negative glow type comprising an enclosing envelope, a plurality of electrodes and a gaseous filling therein, said envelope comprising a major portion and a restriction portion, the area of said major portion being large as compared to the area of said restricted portion, said restricted portion bein in the form of a bulbous thin window W ose composition is substantially the same as that of said major portion, said restricted portion being homogenously united with said major portlon.
  • An ultraviolet lamp of the gaseous conduction type comprising an enclosing envelope, a plurality of spaced thermionically active cathodes of the indirectly heated type and a gaseous filling therein, the heater elements thereof being electrically connected in series and in electrical parallel relation to the thermionically active elements of said cathodes and substantially only mercury vanomus y' z.
  • said envelope having a major portion and a restricted portion, the area of said'major portion being large as compared to the area of said restricted portlon, the composition of said major portion being substantially the same as the compositori of said restricted portion, said restricted portion bein in the form of a bulbous window whose t ickness is relatively small as compared to the thickness of the major portion.
  • An ultraviolet lamp of the gaseous conduction negative glow type comprisingan enclosing envelope,a plurality of electrodes and a gaseous filling therein, said envelope comprlsing a major portion and a restricted portion, the area of said major portion being large as compaed to the area of said restricted portion, said restricted portion being in the form of a bulbous thin window Whose vcomposition is the same as that of said ma-

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  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
US497132A 1930-11-21 1930-11-21 Ultra-violet lamp Expired - Lifetime US1917848A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US497132A US1917848A (en) 1930-11-21 1930-11-21 Ultra-violet lamp
DEW87438D DE681065C (de) 1930-11-21 1931-11-06 Edelgasgefuellte Metalldampfentladungslampe mit zwei hintereinandergeschalteten Elektroden, von denen mindestens eine indirekt geheizt ist
GB31131/31A GB389904A (en) 1930-11-21 1931-11-10 Improvements in or relating to electric glow discharge lamps
FR40998D FR40998E (fr) 1930-11-21 1931-11-20 Lampes luminescentes à vapeur de mercure

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US497132A US1917848A (en) 1930-11-21 1930-11-21 Ultra-violet lamp

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1917848A true US1917848A (en) 1933-07-11

Family

ID=23975600

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US497132A Expired - Lifetime US1917848A (en) 1930-11-21 1930-11-21 Ultra-violet lamp

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US1917848A (fr)
DE (1) DE681065C (fr)
FR (1) FR40998E (fr)
GB (1) GB389904A (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2434980A (en) * 1943-08-20 1948-01-27 Maxwell M Bilofsky Combination illuminating and sterilizing lamp
US2463743A (en) * 1945-12-29 1949-03-08 Nat Technical Lab Hydrogen tube
US2533732A (en) * 1938-01-28 1950-12-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Food treating and storing refrigerator and method
US4910044A (en) * 1985-09-30 1990-03-20 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Ultraviolet light emitting device and application thereof

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2533732A (en) * 1938-01-28 1950-12-12 Westinghouse Electric Corp Food treating and storing refrigerator and method
US2434980A (en) * 1943-08-20 1948-01-27 Maxwell M Bilofsky Combination illuminating and sterilizing lamp
US2463743A (en) * 1945-12-29 1949-03-08 Nat Technical Lab Hydrogen tube
US4910044A (en) * 1985-09-30 1990-03-20 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Ultraviolet light emitting device and application thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR40998E (fr) 1932-09-17
DE681065C (de) 1939-09-13
GB389904A (en) 1933-03-30

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