US1916031A - Refrigerating apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Jame 27, 1933. E, ALLYNE 1,916,031

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed March 7, 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 2 g INVENTOR ZZMZ/A QZJZA Y/Vf ATTO RN EYS Jun 27, 1933. E, ALLYNE 1,916,031

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed March 7, 1951 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 1 4Zpi I INVENTOR ATTO RN EYS June 27, 1933. E. E. ALLYNE 1,916;031

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed March 1931 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR ATTORNEYS June 27, 3933. E. E. ALLYNE REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed March 7, 1931 INVENTOR ZZ/wu/w 151424 Y;

ATTORNEXS Patented June 27, 1933 PATENT OFFICE EDMUND E. ALLYNE, or LANTANA; FLORIDA REFRIGERATIN G APPARATUS Application filed March 7, 1931. Serial No. 520,794.

The invention disclosed in this application relates to refrigerating apparatus and particularly to absorption systems.

The primary object of the invention is to improve the operation of the absorption system by shortening the lapse, of time between the end of the heating period and the commencement of the refrigerating period; to increase the rate of absorption; to improve the effectiveness of the loop, especially when air cooled; and to generally render the apparatus more eficient and reduce the labor and effort in the construction and the ment of the parts.

Some of the detailed features of invention are the following Extensive distribution of the returning gas to the boiler liquor with'a consequent reduction of a lapse of time between the end of the. heating period and the commencement of the refrigerating period, by the use of a perforated return pipe and a restricted return leg for the loop; to increase boiler liquor circulation and prevent the gas from passing undiminished in volume from the return orifice through to the gas chamber of.

the still; the arrangement of the loop to increase the circulation of the boiler liquor and the arrangement of means in conjunction therewith for increasing circulation of cooling air uniformly throughout the entire extent of the loop; together with an improved fiue arrangement; a unique fin arrangement on the impounded water tank, permitting the removal of the latter without interference with adjacent apparatus, such as the fins ofthe loop; an insulating cover for the absorber; and a pilot arrangement'for the main burner including a separate flue for the pilot extending through the insulating cover.

Other features of the invention will be brought out in the following description, drawings and claims.

Referring to the drawings, Fig. 1 is a rear elevation of the cabinet with the refrigerat ingapparatus arranged therein and with the back cover removed; Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional iew with parts shown in elevation; Fig. 3 is a section below the refrigerating chamber looking down, with the boiler rearrange-v of the still; Fig. 7 is a detail view of the front of the still, showing the pilot and burner arrangement; Fig. 8 is a side elevation; Fig. 9 is a section on the line 99 of Fig. 3; Fig. 10 is a vertical sectional view through the ice compartment and through a portion of the corner of the cabinet; Fig. ll is a front elevation of the icing compartment with the trays and the evaporator removed;

'Fig. 12 is a detailed view in section taken from front to back, showing the upper fastening for-the icing compartment; and Fig.

13 is a vertical sectional view through the fastening device at t e b ck "of the icing Compartment.

In the embodiment shown in the drawings, w

the cabinet comprisesa suitable framework 1 having the usual refrigerating compartment 2 with its insulated walls 3 arranged in the cabinet. Within the cabinet and above the refrigerating compartmentQ is an enlarged insulated chamber at for the refrigerant storage, as will appear. The refrigerating chamber with its insulated back wall is less .in depth than the cabinet to provide a flue so alignportion'5 at the rear and in vertical ment with the still and, beside it, a flue portion 6 in vertical alignment with the water tank, as will appear. These dues are separated by a partition 6'. Below the refrigerating chamber the cabinet is provided with an apparatus chamber, generally indicated at 7, and adapted to receive the still, the water tank, the loop and associated parts. The back of the cabinet is adapted to be closed by a suitable back member 8. The bottom of the cabinet is open, as at 9, except for a suitable bottom plate which is provided with.

openings for directing the flow of air up I through the apparatus, as will be more fully hereinafter set forth in connection with the loop. The front of the apparatus compartment is open and is closed by a suitable plate or door 7'. v

The icing compartment comprises an we cabinet or box, indicated at 10, generally of up rectangular form. The bottom is provided with an air inlet opening 1 1, closed by a damper 12, operated by levers 13 and 14, the latter being operated by a suitable thermostatic device 15. The upper portion of one side, preferably opening into the refrigerating compartment, is provided with a ventilating opening 16. The back of the ice compartment is provided with an upper V- shaped opening 17, opening into a transverse elongated slot 18, adapted to receive the evaporator element so that the ice cabinet or box may be slid fromthe front toward the rear over the evaporator element. The top of the ice compartment is provided with a keyhole slot 19, receiving a headed stud 20. The keyhole slot is arranged so that when the.ice compartment is moved toward the top of the refrigerating compartment the head will pass through the opening and when the compartment is slid'back the head 20 engages the under side of the top and supports the ice cabinet or box. The back of the refrigerating compartment is also provided with an opening 21, Fig. 13, for receiving the tapered head of a stud member 22, which is spaced from the back of the ice cabinet or box and receives a latch 23, pivoted at 24 to the back of the ice cabinet. This ice cabinet is preferably arranged in one of the upper corners of the refrigerating compartment,

Arranged in the apparatus chamber? and resting on suitable removable cleats or angle irons 25 is an impounded water tank 25.

- This tank is substantially the size shown and the fiue 5 and the heat from it passes up through this flue. To protect the water tank from the heat of the still, the partition 6 may be extended, as shown in Fig. 1, down to a point near the bottom of the apparatus chamber. Arranged in the bottom of the apparatus' chamber is the loop and primary condenser element which includes the horizontally disposed loop 29, generally of L shaped arrangement, as shown in Fig. 3, with the ends extending in parallel arrangement toward the front of the main cabinet to the front ofthe still. At this "point these twoends are brought up .in two risers 30 and 31, the latter being a gas'return riser or leg and being smaller than the leg 30. Indeed, the size of this leg 31 is important from the standpoint of being large enough on the 0118 hand to receive the entire volume of the returning gas and small enough on the other so that the gas in passing up through it will produce a rapid circulation of the liquor in it, thereby improving the cooling of the still. This leg receives the gas return pipe 32 which enters its side and delivers the returning gas directly into it. This gas inlet leg, as shown in Figs. 4 and 6, enters the boiler and is there provided with an enlarged distributing pipe 33 preferably closed at its outer end 34 and provided along its top with a multiplicity of minute openings 35 which break up the gas and cause it to move up through the boiler liquor in small bubbles which are readily absorbed before the gas reaches the surface of the liquid. This is of great importance because any gas bubbles not absorbed before reaching the surface of the boiler liquor col lect on top and slow down the asorption process, since gas absorption by the surface of the liquid is very slow. This distributing pipe is also important because in breaking up the gas returning to the still it does away with the gurgling noise which is usually present in absorption apparatus. This pipe 33 is preferably inclined upwardly to increase the distribution of gas along the length of the pipe. The end of this pipe, in place of being closed at 34, may be left open, but care must be taken to see to it that there are a sufficient number of openings in its top to discharge all of the gas delivered to this discharge pipe, to avoid any passing in large bubbles out through the open end of the pipe.

The loop pipe 29 is preferably provided with a multiplicity of vertically arranged fins 36 which may be very effectively enclosed between vertical walls of bent plates 37 arranged along the side edges of the openings 38 in a plate 39 extending under the still and closing the side and front of the bottom opening or mouth of the apparatus compartment, as shown, in a manner to obstruct the upward air flow everywhere except past the air cooling fins 36 of the loop and past the fins 26 of the water tank. The plate 39 is notched out at 40 under the water tank and does not extend back of it, as shown in Fig. 3, this part being open for the fins arranged upon that portion of the L-shaped loop extending back of the water tank. Arranged in these same fins 36 is the primary condensing coil 41, which forms a part of this loop and primary condenser unit.

The association ofthe primary condenser unit and the loop promotes the operation of the absorption cycle in that the heat from this primary condensing coil tends to drive out ammonia gas from the liquor in the loop and on the refrigerating cycle there is a certain amount of cooling action exerted by the returning gas and effective through the fins upon the loop which of course tends to cool the still and promote absorption.

Rising from the top of the still is a main gas outlet pipe 42, which is extended upwardly in the flue 5 to a point near the top where it merges into a return bend 43 and extends down to a liquid seal or trap 44 of the type usually employed in this type of apparatus. This down pipe extends to a point near the bottom of this trap below the surface of the liquor therein. Extending upwardly from this trap is a rectifier supply tube or pipe 45 leading to a rectifier arranged in the flue 6 and comprising several turns 46 of pipe provided with fins 47 The pipe 45 extends to the top of this coil and it is connected at the bottom to a down leg 48 connected at its bottom, as at 49, toa small drain pipe 50 leading to the bottom of the trap 44. This pipe 50 merely drains any rectified boiler liquor back to the trap from whence it may return to the still through the .gas return pipe 51 extending up Within the trap 44 and establishing a volume of boiler liquor therein. This pipe 51 ultimately be comes the pipe 32 and leads to the gas re-- turn leg of the loop, as previously descibed. The bottom of the down pipe 48 from the rectifier is also connected to a primary condenser pipe 52 leading down to one end of the primary condenser coil 41, the other end of this condenser coil beingextended up in i the pipe 53 and over the edge of the impounded water tank 25 and down to the top of the secondary condenser coil 54 arranged preferably in the bottom of the impounded water tank. The lower, end of this secondary condenser is connected to an up-pipe 55 passing up through a tubular shield 56 closed at the bottom-about the pipe 55 and fastened to it, as at 57, and open at the top. This shield merely protects this up-pipe from the heat of the water at the top of-the tank. This pipe extends upwardly and is the main supply and return pipe for the evaporator. The evaporator comprises a storage tank 57 arranged in the insulation 4 and provided with a down connection 58 leading to a horizontal evaporator unit or loop or grid 59. All

. of this down leg 58 and the loop or grid 59 are inside of the refrigerating compartment, preferably in one of the upper side corners. t extends toward the front and passes in through the opening 18 in the back of the ice cabinet or box. The bottom of the down pipe 58'is connected to a drain 6.0 leading to a suck-back trap 61 of any preferred construction capable of turning back any undesirable absorbing liquid and maintaining the proper levei of liquid refrigerant in the evaporator element and storage. The still, its cover, the main burner and pilot arrangement will now be described. From the disclosure in this case it will be seen that the still is to one side of the main refrigerating cabinet and in the apparatus chamber and beside it is the impounded water tank for the secondary condenser and above it is the bottom of the refrigerating chamber. In order to protect these parts from the effect of heat during the heating period a suitable heat insulating casing is provided audit is in the form of an inverted channel comprising side portions 62 and 63 and a curved inclined top 64, having a somewhat square corner, as at 65, where the casing is thickened. This casing is made up of an inner sheet metal shell covered with asbestos or the like. The front is closed by a suitable closure member 66. In the upper more or less square corner 65 is a pilot draft tube 67 open at the back to the bottom of the flue 5 at the back of the main cabinet. The front end extends out and is curved to the left in the arm 68, which is open at 69. Entel-ing this arm 68 at the bottom and projecting into it near the opening 69 is a flash tube 70, extending down below the front wall 66 of the heat insulating casing and pro-- jecting over one or two burner spuds 71 of the main burner 72, which is supplied with a mixture of gas and air in any suitable man- 'ner, not shown.

Entering the arm 69, at a point near the junction of this arm and the draft tube 67, is a pilot burner 73, controlled by a suitable valve 7 4 in a gas supply line 75.

The pilot 73 burns all the time with its flame inside of the arm 68. The heat and products of combustion from this pilot pass freely up the drafttube 67, which is imbedded in the insulating material of the still casing. When the supply of gas is turned on to the main burner some of the fuel passes through the spuds 71 into the mouth of the flash tube 70 and thence up through it into the arm 68 where it meets the flame of the pilot and is ignited by it and caused to flash back down to the orificesjn the spuds 71 where it ignites the other jets of the main burner. After the flame has flashed down the flash tube .70 and the spuds or jets 71 are ignited, nofurther gas passes up through this flash tube.

The foregoing arrangement is import-ant from several standpoints. Una is that the heat insulating casing around the still protects the water tank and the bottom of the main refrigerating chamber against the action of the heat during the heating period since the products of combustion flow out of the open back of the insulating casing up through the flue 5 in the back of the main cabinet. The pilot arrangement also possesses considerable merit in that the heat from the constantly burning pilot does not affect any of the parts of the refrigerating apparatus, such as the still, since the heat from the pilot passes up through the draft tube which is therefore insulated from the still. If this heat were conducted to the still it would have a tendency to retard absorption. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, when the parts are assembled, the fins 26 of the impounded water tank 25 intervene between the fins 36 of the combined loop and primary condenser denser unit 54:, with its attached parts,

is placed in the casing and the water tank is assemb ed with it by pushing it up from beneath, after which the removable angle irons 25 are laid in place to support the water tank. The water tank may be removed at any time by jacking up the casing, removing the angles 25' and taking out the water tank from beneath.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. Absorption refrigerating apparatus comprising a still, an evaporator, and primary and secondary condensers all'connected in operative cycle, a loop in circulatory communication with the liquor space in said still and arranged outside of the heat zone thereof, a gas return connected to said loop, heat radiating fins connecting the primary condenser and loop in heat transfer relation, and separate means for cooling the secondary condenser.

2. Absorption refrigerating apparatus as- 1 tank slidable vertically up onto the secondary condenser.

3. Absorption refrigerating apparatus comprisinga cabinet having an upper refrigerating compartment and lower apparatus compartment open at the bottom, a stillabsorber in said apparatus compartment, an evaporator in the refrigerating compartment, a condenser in said apparatus compartment, a loop connected to the still and extending below the same and arranged horizontally in the mouth of the opening in the bottom of said apparatus compartment, fins carried by said loop, an impounded water tank removable through the-bottom of said apparatus compartment, means for supporting said impounded water tank, fins carried by the back of said water tank and adapted to nest between and be capable of passing between the fins of said loop, and suitable connections for connecting the still, evaporator, condenser and loop all in operative cycle.

4. Absorption refrigerating apparatus, comprising a still, a condenser, and an evaporator connected in an operative cycle,

-a loop extending out of the heat zone of the still, spaced legs between the ends of the loop and the liquor space in the still to provide cooling clrculation between still and loop, a

- distributor connected toone of said legs and located in the liquor space insaid'still, and a gas return conduit connected to such distributor leg intermediate its connections to thestill and loop, the distributor *leg connectmg the loop to the still being reduced in diameter above the return gas connection there-- to in such manner that the gas rising through its reduced portion produces rapid circula tion in the loop with consequent rapid cooling of the still.

5. Absorption refrigerating apparatus as in claim 1, wherein the secondary cooling means is in the form of an impounded water tank slidable vertically up on to the secondary condenser and provided with heat radiating fins intervening between the heat radiating fins of the primary condenser and loop.

6. Absorption refrigerating apparatus, comprising a cabinet having an upper refrigerating compartment and alower apparatus compartment open at the bottom, with a flue at the back open at the top and communicating with the said apparatus compartment, an evaporator in said refrigerating compartment, a still-absorber in the apparatus compartment, a condenser in one part of said apparatus compartment, and means for directing the heat of the still away from the condenser and the refrigerating compartment, the still-absorber being provided with a loop extending'below the still and out of'the heat zone, a gas return pipe connected in one leg of the loop, fins, carried by the loop, a primary condenser connected in the cycle in advance of the other condenser and associated with said fins and loop, said loop and primary condenser being arranged at the mouth of the opening to the apparatus compartment. 7 v

7. Absorption refrigerating apparatus, comprising a cabinet having an upper refrigerating compartment and a lower apparatus compartment open at the bottom, with a flue at the back open at the top and communieating with thesaid apparatus compartment,

'an evaporator in said refrigerating compartment, a still-absorber in the apparatus comapparatus compartment, means for directing thelieat of the still away from the condenser and the refrigerating compartment, the still-absorber being provided with a loop extending below the still and out of the heat zone, a gas return pipe connected in one leg of the'loop, fins carried by the loop, a primary condenser connected in the cycle in advance of the other condenser and associated with said fins and loop, said loop and primary condenser beingarranged at the mouth of the opening to the apparatus compartment, and means for confining the flow of air into the mouth of the apparatus compartment past said loop and primary condenser.

8. Absorption refrigerating apparatus, comprising a still, a condenser, and an evaporator connected in an operative cycle, a loop extending out of the heat zone of said still,

spaced legs between the ends of the loop and above and below the return gas connection thereto, in such manner that the gas rising through the reduced portion produces a rapid circulation in the loop with consequent rapid cooling of the still.

In testimony whereof I hereby aflix my signature.

EDMUND E. ALLYNE.

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