US1909721A - Textile oil - Google Patents

Description

Patented May 16, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WARREN T; REDDISH, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE 'IWIICHELL PROCESS COMPANY, OF ST. BERNARD, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO Tax-rim on.

N 0 Drawing.

This invention relates to textile oils such as are suitable for use in the various processes and stages of textile manufacturing. It is desirable to use an oil in manufacturing textiles for the purpose of softening and lubricating the textile fibers to prevent irregularities in the spinning, weaving or knitting operations, and also to decrease friction and prevent matting, felting and interlocking of the fibers.

It has been the custom to use chiefly animal and vegetable oils in the textile industry. I,'however, regard the use of all fatty substances, such as the animal or vegetable oils, as very disadvantageous in the textile industry for the reason that most of these materials are not chemically stable, and tend to become rancid in storage or on the cloth and produce disagreeable odors which are difficult to remove. Furthermore, many of these animal or vegetable oils oxidize very quickly or spontaneously when exposed to the air. in a thin film, in a confined space, with the-result that fires easily may be and often are started by ,this chemical reaction. Also, the animal and vegetable oils are becoming more and more expensive and are, at their best, nonuniform in quality.

After the spinning, weaving or knitting operations have been completed, it is necessary to remove all of the oil from the fiber. The remaining of even traces of it on the fiber, or any deposit of insoluble fatty acids or fatty acid soaps, results in unevenness in the subsequent bleaching or dyeing operations. v

The concept of the present invention is to provide a self scouring oil free from fatty constituents, said oil adapted to be readily and evenly applied to the textiles and quickly and evenly removed from the textiles without severe abrasion, and with the use of little or no fatty acid soaps or other materials ada ted to liberate alkalies by hydroly-' sis ends. so without the employment of high temperatures which might be detrimental to the textile fabrics.

The ingredients adapted to constitute theseself scouring oils com risechemicall' neutral and inert oils sudh y j'a self-scouring textile oil.

as parafline oil or Application filed July 1, 1929. Serial No. 875,838.

preferably light colored technical oils and true mahogany sulphonic bodies.

Mahogany sulfonates are formed by the fuming sulfuric acid or sulphur trioxide.

treatment of lubricating stocks to form light colored technical oils or medicinal white oils according to the Petroif-Humphreys and chemical properties to such an extent.

that they are, for the purpose of this invention, a different substance from what they were with the entrained oil present.

The tendency of the crude mahogany sulfonates to einulsify has been recognized, for instance, in the United States patent to Petrofi, No. 1,230,599, and in the corresponding foreign patents, but it has not been suspected prior to the present invention that the refined mahogany sulfonates possess so many times the emulsifyingpower of the crude mahogany sulfona-tes that they may be used in combination with stable inert mineral oil to form what may be literally termed Therefore, throughout this description and claims the term true mahogany sulfonics is used to differentiate over the crude mahogany sulfonicswhichare not adapted to provide textile oils responsive to the concepts of this invention. The mahogany sulfonies are usually available in the form of sodium-salts which may be used successfully in constituting a textile oil of the nature disclosed.

However, it is to be understood that it is the 'mahogany radical, not the one with which it is combined, which provides the colloidal power requisite for a self scouring oil..

The combination of an inert mineral oil and this true mahogany produces a water oils which are produced by the HuInphrey- Petrofl' process, that is, by treatments-of lubricating stock with fuming-sulfuric acid or sulphur trioxide. These substantially white oils produced by one ofthe sulfur trioxide refining processes, when combined with the true mahogany sulfonic bodies become more readily water soluble and therefore more" possessed of the-desirable self-scouring characteristics than do-most other mineral oils.

Therefore, the preferred self scouring oil of this invention comprises true mahogany and light colored technical oils of the type produced by the same process by which the mahogany is produced. The percentage range over which these two components can be advantageously combined is very wide. However, between 15. and 25% :true mahogany and 85 to 7 5%. inert oil by wei ht pro duces a satisfactory self scouring oil or most textile purposes. s

l I Wish particularly to stress, however, that very satisfactory self scouring oils can be and are produced by using merely 7 mahogany sulfonates. oils can be applied to any textile fabrics at any stage during their fabrication either by immersion of the fabric in an emulsion of the soluble oil, or by direct application with a wick or by spraying.

The oil is an excellent lubricant for the weaving, spinning, or knitting operations, films over the fibers or is absorbed by the fibers very readily due to the low interfacial tension between the oil and the textile fiber,

an unusual effect due to the presence of the true mahogany sulfonic bodies. Furthermore, the oil can be removed from the fab ric at any time desired by immersion in water without the use of fatty acid detergents or other hydrolyzing detergents, without the use of alkalies, and without the use of high temperatures. Of. course, the soaps, alkalies and high temperatures can be used if desired, and if those selected are not injurious to the particular textile being eral oil.

These self scouring Moreover, it is possible to provide a textile oil of any desired viscosity by combining with the mineral oil employed, naphtha or some similar 'petrolicor coal tar fraction adapted to lower the viscosity of the min- When combined with the mineral oil, the naphtha does notevaporat'e readily or'rapidly and goes'into the emulsion evenly along with the mineral oil. Thus a textile oil is provided suitable for any particularflp'urpose.

Having described my invention, I "desire to be limited only by the ensuing-claims:

1. A physically stable, chemically inert,

'highly water soluble body of non-volatile *I'nineral'white oil of the type produced in the processofrefining petroleum withsfumt ing sulfuric acid, and an emulsifying agent dissolved therein, said emulsifying agent consisting of mahogany sulfonic bodies free from emulsion inhibiting components.

2. A self-scouring textile oil consisting of substantially 7%% to 25% mahogany sul-, fonate's free from emulsion inhibiting components dissolved in 'a highly refined neutral mineral oil free from components ox idizable by prolonged exposure to the atmosphere. v

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name.v

WARREN T. REDDISH.

treated. .But, their use is not necessary and in such cases as said use may be desirable, the quantities or degrees can be ver materiall decreased as compared wit what wou d be necessary to remove the ordinary textile oil.