US1794342A - Method of treating rayon - Google Patents
Method of treating rayon Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1794342A US1794342A US377342A US37734229A US1794342A US 1794342 A US1794342 A US 1794342A US 377342 A US377342 A US 377342A US 37734229 A US37734229 A US 37734229A US 1794342 A US1794342 A US 1794342A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- rayon
- mahogany
- oil
- true
- fibre
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 title description 40
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 title description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 18
- 241000158728 Meliaceae Species 0.000 description 18
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 16
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000001273 sulfonato group Chemical group [O-]S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010775 animal oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical class CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002955 Art silk Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;7-fluoro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound N.OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C2=NON=C12 JXLHNMVSKXFWAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
- Y10T428/2964—Artificial fiber or filament
- Y10T428/2965—Cellulosic
Definitions
- This invention relates to the manufacture of rayon and particularly to a method of protecting the rayon fibre between the time the fibre is constituted and the finished article is completed.
- Rayon is the name now used to designate the many kinds of artificial silk which are at present upon the market and which fall, in general, under the headings of cellulose acetate, viscose, cuprammonia, and nitro silks. This process is applicable to all these types of rayon.
- the fibre is subjected to the physical wear of the various weaving and knitting processes and machines, to the moisture of the atmosphere when stored, to the rubbing and abrasing incidental to the washing and dyeing processes, to the chemical ingredients of the wash waters, to the alkalinity of the soaps used in the washing operations, and when piled for storage to the weight of the material above. which tends to cause the fibres to adhere to one another.
- Rayon is a relatively delicate fibre and has not the resistance of most natural fibres to the physical or chemical conditions to which it is subjected in the fabricating processes. All elements, therefore, which are brought into contact with the rayon, during its process of fabrication, must be carefully scrutinized to avoid all substances and ingredients which might have harmful actions on the rayon, or which might secondarily produce conditions undesirable for the rayon.
- the theory underlying this invention is that it is undesirable to treat the rayon with fatty substances, vegetable or animal oils, soaps, and the like, to any extent more thanl positively necessary, for the reason, that the animal and vegetable oils as a class are not appropriately chemicallyinert in regard to oxidation and other reactions, that in the presence of water the soaps of said substances tend to produce alkalies by hydrolysis, which is bad for the rayon, that said substances tend to form insoluble components dilficult to remove from the rayon, which results in unevenness 1n dyeing, etc., unless the rayon is 1929. Serial No. 377,342.
- a protective coating to the rayon Which will lubricate the same for weaving or knitting, which keeps out excessive moisture, which permits storage without adhesion of the fibres, and which can be removed readily and whenever desirable without the use of any fatty substances of soaps.
- the particular class or materials which afford these utilities also have the advantage that they can be applied to the rayon either directly without moisture present or in the form of a permanent aqueous emulsion devoid of hydrolizing components or any fatty substances of the class heretofore criticized.
- These materials adapted to be used in this method of treating rayon comprise essentially admixtures of chemically inert, stable and neutral mineral oils, such as parafiine oil,
- the material removed that is, the mahogany sulphonates plus the entrained oil, con-- stitutes the ordinary mahogany sulphonates of commerce.
- This material in its acid phase is known as kontact both in this country and abroad, and is used in the splitting of fats.
- these entrained oils, or oils having a great affinity for the sulp'honates are separated from the sulphonates, for
- the admixture or combination of true mahogany and mineral oil is so water soluble that it may be readily removed from the rayon at any time desired during the process of fabrication without the customary severe scouring with fatty acid soaps, or the like, and the abrasion and chemical action incidental thereto.
- a further advantage ofthe use of the protective coatings above described is that they can be applied and removed without the use of temperatures sufficiently high to damage the rayon.
- Another advantage of the use of these materials on rayon is that the protective coating is more inclined to film on the rayon than are ordinary oils, which, in the first place, insures complete protection of the rayon fibre, and in the second place, complete protection with a minimum of material.
- a method of treating rayon which comprises, forming a film of inert mineral oil and true mahogany on the rayon fibre prior to the weaving or knitting operations, and removing said film by immersion in water prior to the dyeing or finishing operations.
- a method of treating rayon which comprises, forming on the rayon a protective film of mineral oil and true mahogany, said film devoid of any substantial quantity of fatty substances, and later removing said film from the rayon in an aqueous bath devoid of any appreciable quantity of fatty substances.
- the step of coating the rayon fibre with a. protective film comprising, mineral oil and true mahogany, and the step of later removing said film in an aqueous bath devoid of substances tending to form insoluble bodies in the bath.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Description
Patented Feb. 24, 1931 PATENT OFFICE ARTHUR REILLY, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE TWITCHELL PROCESS COMPANY, OF ST. BERNARD, OHIO, A CORPORATION OI OHIO METHOD OF TREATING RAYON' No Drawing. Application filed July 10,
This invention relates to the manufacture of rayon and particularly to a method of protecting the rayon fibre between the time the fibre is constituted and the finished article is completed.
Rayon is the name now used to designate the many kinds of artificial silk which are at present upon the market and which fall, in general, under the headings of cellulose acetate, viscose, cuprammonia, and nitro silks. This process is applicable to all these types of rayon.
Between thetime the artificial rayon fibre is formed and the final product finished, the fibre is subjected to the physical wear of the various weaving and knitting processes and machines, to the moisture of the atmosphere when stored, to the rubbing and abrasing incidental to the washing and dyeing processes, to the chemical ingredients of the wash waters, to the alkalinity of the soaps used in the washing operations, and when piled for storage to the weight of the material above. which tends to cause the fibres to adhere to one another.
Rayon is a relatively delicate fibre and has not the resistance of most natural fibres to the physical or chemical conditions to which it is subjected in the fabricating processes. All elements, therefore, which are brought into contact with the rayon, during its process of fabrication, must be carefully scrutinized to avoid all substances and ingredients which might have harmful actions on the rayon, or which might secondarily produce conditions undesirable for the rayon.
The theory underlying this invention is that it is undesirable to treat the rayon with fatty substances, vegetable or animal oils, soaps, and the like, to any extent more thanl positively necessary, for the reason, that the animal and vegetable oils as a class are not appropriately chemicallyinert in regard to oxidation and other reactions, that in the presence of water the soaps of said substances tend to produce alkalies by hydrolysis, which is bad for the rayon, that said substances tend to form insoluble components dilficult to remove from the rayon, which results in unevenness 1n dyeing, etc., unless the rayon is 1929. Serial No. 377,342.
subjected to such severe washing that its strength is weakened.
According to this invention, it is possible to apply a protective coating to the rayon Which will lubricate the same for weaving or knitting, which keeps out excessive moisture, which permits storage without adhesion of the fibres, and which can be removed readily and whenever desirable without the use of any fatty substances of soaps. The particular class or materials which afford these utilities also have the advantage that they can be applied to the rayon either directly without moisture present or in the form of a permanent aqueous emulsion devoid of hydrolizing components or any fatty substances of the class heretofore criticized.
These materials adapted to be used in this method of treating rayon comprise essentially admixtures of chemically inert, stable and neutral mineral oils, such as parafiine oil,
though a light colored technical oil is pref-- erably used with or Without aromatic, chlorinated solvents or low viscosity mineral oil spirits, and mahogany sulphonates devoid of the oil entrained in the sulphonating process. The absence of the entrained oil makes available the true emulsifying power of these mahogany sulphonates, which their remixture with oil does not lower.
In other words, when these mahogany sulphonates are formed by the fuming sulphuric acid treatment of lubricating stocks to form light colored technical oils or medicinal white oils according to the Petrotf-Humphries process, certain components of the oil treated, adhere tenaciously to the sulphonates and are removed with them from the batch, leaving the white oil or light colored technical oil as a remainder.
The material removed, that is, the mahogany sulphonates plus the entrained oil, con-- stitutes the ordinary mahogany sulphonates of commerce. This material in its acid phase is known as kontact both in this country and abroad, and is used in the splitting of fats. When, however, these entrained oils, or oils having a great affinity for the sulp'honates, are separated from the sulphonates, for
instance, by treatments with high proof alcohol, the sulphonates change in physical and chemical properties to such an extent that they are, for all practical purposes, a different substance from what they were with the entrained oil present.
Now, if this true mahogany, as distinguished from the mahogany soap ofcommerce, is mixed with a neutral mineral oil, such as a light colored technical oil, a product results which has, as far as rayon is concerned, the lubricating and protective value of the true mineral oil and the water soluble properties of the sulphonates somewhat accentuated, since the peculiar paradox exists that while mineral oil will not mix with water and mahogany sulphonates can be dissolved in water only with difliculty, their combination is highly water soluble.
If the ordinary mahogany sodium sulphonate of commerce is mixed with a mineral oil, permanent emulsions cannot be obtained without the use of fatty substances, rosins, ordinary soaps, alcohols, acetones, or other stabilizing or blending agents, but if the true mahogany be used one is able to omit the use of any of these materials considered detrimental primarily or secondarily to the rayon.
Furthermore, the admixture or combination of true mahogany and mineral oil is so water soluble that it may be readily removed from the rayon at any time desired during the process of fabrication without the customary severe scouring with fatty acid soaps, or the like, and the abrasion and chemical action incidental thereto.
While the percentage of these two components can be varied within wide limits, between and true mahogany is desirable from the point of view of readily removing the protective coating from the rayon by immersion in water, and 2 true mahogany is suflicient to produce with mineral oils a protective coating which can be removed without appreciable damage to the rayon.
A further advantage ofthe use of the protective coatings above described is that they can be applied and removed without the use of temperatures sufficiently high to damage the rayon. Another advantage of the use of these materials on rayon is that the protective coating is more inclined to film on the rayon than are ordinary oils, which, in the first place, insures complete protection of the rayon fibre, and in the second place, complete protection with a minimum of material.
Having described my invention, I claim:
1. The method of protecting rayon fibres between the time of their formation and the completion of the article of rayon, comprising, forming a coating on said rayon fibre of chemically inert mineral oil and true mahogany.
2. A method of treating rayon, which comprises, forming a film of inert mineral oil and true mahogany on the rayon fibre prior to the weaving or knitting operations, and removing said film by immersion in water prior to the dyeing or finishing operations.
3. A method of treating rayon, which comprises, forming on the rayon a protective film of mineral oil and true mahogany, said film devoid of any substantial quantity of fatty substances, and later removing said film from the rayon in an aqueous bath devoid of any appreciable quantity of fatty substances.
4. In the process of manufacturing rayon articles, the step of coacting the rayon fibre with a protective film, comprising, mineral oil and true mahogany.
5. In the process of manufacturing rayon articles, the step of coating the rayon fibre with a. protective film, comprising, mineral oil and true mahogany, and the step of later removing said film in an aqueous bath devoid of substances tending to form insoluble bodies in the bath.
In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name.
ARTHUR REILLY.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US377342A US1794342A (en) | 1929-07-10 | 1929-07-10 | Method of treating rayon |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US377342A US1794342A (en) | 1929-07-10 | 1929-07-10 | Method of treating rayon |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1794342A true US1794342A (en) | 1931-02-24 |
Family
ID=23488729
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US377342A Expired - Lifetime US1794342A (en) | 1929-07-10 | 1929-07-10 | Method of treating rayon |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1794342A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2890137A (en) * | 1955-10-28 | 1959-06-09 | Canadian Hanson | Sisal buff oil impregnation method |
-
1929
- 1929-07-10 US US377342A patent/US1794342A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2890137A (en) * | 1955-10-28 | 1959-06-09 | Canadian Hanson | Sisal buff oil impregnation method |
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