US1901298A - Seeding machine - Google Patents

Description

March 14, 1933. B. P. JOHNSON SEEDING MACHINE Filed Feb. 6, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet l 6E NNN March 14, 1933. B p, JOHNSON 1,901,298

SEEDING MACHINE Filed Feb. 6, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 B. P. JOHNSON SEEDING MACHINE March 14, 1933.

Filed Feb. 6, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Mar. 14, 1933 Unirse sters ers.A `reir.

BEN' P. JOHNSGN, OF SPRNGFIELD, OHIO, ASSEGNOR T0 EVIARD E. GREINER, OF

i SPR-NGFE-L-D, OHIO i semaine MACHINE Application filed February 6, 1932. Seriali'No. 591,407.

This invention is a novel improvement in seeding machines, and the principal object of the invention is to provide a seeding machine of simple construction and eilicient operation,particularly adapted foruseas a deepfurrow seeding machine, which will Y been in popular demand adapted to sow' grain or the like in rows siX, seven, and eight inches apart, one and one-half to two inches deep in narrow seed trenches, but Govern nient experiments have demonstrated that a. greater yield can be produced by sowing the 1 seeds in rows twelveto fourteen inches apart and four or live inches deep, in seed trenches three to four inches Wide, this method being known as the deep-furrow method. Uy machine is adapted for use in sowing by this deep-furrow method, the construction being very much simpler than machines for serving by the old method, there being but only about half the number' of feeds or dis 'tributors for the grain, and the quantity of grain being regulated by the speed of the feed Wheels in the distributors.

A further object of the invention is to pro-k vide a deep furrow seeding machine com.- prising a frame supported by two small wheels inset from the ends of the frame which wheels being placed nearer the center of the machine will eliminatecenter sagging and will require less material in the wheels than the usual end wheel constructon; also a frame supported at the front of the machine by two closely adjacent wheels on the combined steering and balancing forecarriage, one wheel of which transmits power through suitable gearing to an upright shaft located in the head of the forecarriage, then through a sliding pinion to the drivinggear shaft operating the distributors disposed below the grain hoppers.

Another object of the invention is to provide a deep furrow seedingmachine equipped with a furrow opener having a cut-away Coulter lister hoe, also adjustable press and mulching wheels disposed in rear of the furrow openers and' operating in the seeded furroW's.

@ther minor objects of the invention Will be hereinafter set forth.

Iwill explain the invention with reference to the accompanying drawingsv which illustrate one practical embodiment thereof to enable others familiar with the art ,to adopt and use the same; and will summarizein the claims the novel features of construction, andnovel combinations of parts, for which protection is desired.

ln said drawings;

Fig. l is a side elevation of the seeding` machine with the forecarriagev partlybrolien away;

Fig. 2 is a rear end elevation thereof;

Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the frame construction of the machine; y

Fig. 4l is a. top plan View of the machine showing the angularity of the frames'relative to the .direction of pull;

Fig. 5 is an end view of the Ymulching wheel set;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged rear elevation ofthe seed distributors; v

Fig. 7 is an enlarged side elevation thereof. I *Y My novel seeding `machine preferably Comprises a frame -shownin perspective in Fig. 3, consisting of three parallel bars of tubular steel, namely, a front bar 1, center bar 2, and rear bar 3., lthecenter bar 2 being the bedrail', and all bars running the full length of the frame. cross-plates e of obtuse angularity, the crossplates being welded Vto'boih front and rear bars l and 3. The center bar '2 is welded only tothe two end plates d as it carries tubular sleeves 18 at each side of the center These bars are held together by line of the frame, whichV sleeves together extend substantially the full width of the frame, and asthey carry the li' ter arms 18ct for the furrow openers, the sleeves 18 `must be free to rotate upon bar 2, for the purpose hereinafter described; ln theconstruction shown there are eight cross-bars 4. At the apex 4of each cross-bar l (except the end bars) is a recess da forming a bearing for the reception ofthe feed shaft 5 which actuates the distributors 14 hereinafter referred to, and at each side of the recess la in the cross-bars fl are opp'ositely disposed flanges et and 40 upon which the seed hoppers 6 rest, said hopper-s overlying the feed Y shaft 5.

The rear ground wheels 7 are preferably mounted on axles 7a extending through blocks 7b at opposite sides of the wheel hub,

which blocks are underslung under the frame by means of straps 7c and icl respectively connecting the blocks with the front andv rear frame bars 1 and 3, whereby the ground wheels are inset from the ends of the frame in order to obviate sagging of the frame and Vto save material, as by such construction the wheels 7 may be made of minimum diameter with respect to the height of the frame fronr the ground. f

The frame is provided with aV forecarriage consisting of a bearing casting 8` vcasting 9 rotatably mounted on the casting 8, said steering casting 9 being bifurcated at its lower end, as shown in Fig. 2, the outer ends of the bifurcations 9a containing journals for the frontwheels 19 which are preferably toed in at tieir bottoms, as shown in Fig. 2, so that their peripheries are closely adjacent at the ground level. In the housing 8a at the upper end of the bearing casting 8 is a change speed gear 11, the gear being mounted on a vertically disposed shaft 11a journaled in bearings extending downwardly through the hollow shank of the casting 8. The shaft 11a has on its lower end a small bevel gear 11b meshing with a bevel gear 10a on the hub of one of the front wheels 10, whereby` as the forecarriage and machine is moved along the ground the said wheel 10 will rotate the shaft 11a and the change speed O'ear 11. Hence the right hand wheel 10 (F ig. 2) on the forecarriage is the drive wheel transmitting power through the bevel `gear 10a on its axle to the bevel gear 112) on the vertical shaft 11a which rotates the change speed gear 11 located in head 80; of forecarriage 8. Gear 11 rotates sliding pinion 12a splined on shaft 12, and a bevel gear 12e on shaft 12 meshes with driving gear on the distributor operating shaft 5 below grain hoppers 6. Gears 11 and 12a are housed in the head 8c protecting same from excessive 'wear caused by dirt or Clust.

TheV forward wheelsv 10` are steered by means of a bracket 9b Vconnected with the rotatable steering casting 9, said bracket eX- tending beyond and in front of the front wheels 10 and adapted to be connected with a suitable tractor hitch, or a tongue casting for a horse hitch. Hence my forecarriage embodies a combination steering and driving device and maintains the balance of the machine frame.

rEhe change speed gear 11 is provided with three concentric rows of teeth representing the three speeds, fast, intermediate, and slow. Power to drive the feed shaft 5 located below' the hoppers 6 is obtained by engaging any row of teeth on the gear 11 with sliding pinion 12a. The pinion 12a is held in' mesh with the teeth on gear 11 by engagement of a flange 12b on its hub with one of the notches 8e in the-bottom of kthe hinged lid 86E of head 80. When the lid Sal isclosed, the pinion 12a is locked in place head Sc above gear 11, the other end being journaled in a bearing 120 mounted on the Y center frame bar 2, said shaft 12 being disposed on the center line of the machine.

In order to break the drive to avoid breakage of the partsin event foreign substances should become clogged in any of the distributors, and in event the direction of the machine is reversed, I provide a ratchet mechanism to overcome breaking of gears and twisting of drive shaft, said mechanism also acting as a warning to signal the operator that something has caused the machine to become inoperative. This mechanism is as follows:

Shaft 12 is made in two sections and two ratchet faced clutch members 13 and13av are .mounted on the ends of the shaft sections, one member (18a) being slidably splined on its section and normally held in engagement with the other member 13 by a sp 1ing 13?) interposed between the member 13a and aV collar 13d fixed on its shaft section, the spring being sufficiently strong to normally cause both shaft secti ns 12 to rotate as a unit; but in case the d stributors should become clogged to prevent rotation ofV drive shaft 5, or in event the direction of movement of the machine is reversed, the Spring 13b will permit the teeth of ratchets 12d-13a to overrun, thereby preventing breakage of the parts.

The two grain hoppers 6 are disposed at opposite sides of the center line of the frame and rest in the saddle 4b, 4c, of the frame cross-arms 4, and are held down upon the saddles by means .of straps 6a as shown in Figs. 1 and 7, the ends of the straps being removably connected to the distributors. It

hasheretofore been vthe practice in design-- units, thereby retaining strength, which would not be the case if the lids 6c ran the full length of eachunit 6. In the outer ends of each unit, I have placed a removable plate 66 (Fig. 1) to furnish a quick and easy means for cleaning each hopper.

Below each of the hoppers 6 and adjacent the ends thereof are two double run force feed distributors 14, which may be of the type disclosed in my copending applications Serial No. 591,409, tiled Feb. 6, 1932;

and Serial No. 591,727, filed Feb. 8, 1932.

Each distributor 14 comprises a casting secured to the bottom of the hopper V6, and opening 6c (Fig. 6) being provided in the hopper above the casting. A feed wheel 14d is journaled in thecasting 14 through which wheel the drive shaft extends as indicated Vin Fio. 7. Wheel 14d `is double Vactin@` and is provided with teeth 14e on each side adjacent the periphery to simultaneously feed seeds on bothsides of the wheel as the same rotates in the direction of the arrow in Fig.V

seeds independently to its respective `feed tubes 14ak and 146 and hence only half the usual number of distributors are utilized in my machine, as each distributor yfeeds seeds behind two furrow openers.

VMy double run distributors have large openings on both sides of the feed wheel 14d (Fig. 6) and have meansl to regulate the amount of seed distributed by opening and closing the adjustable throats 14) and by changing the speed of the feed wheel.

As shown,each throat 147e is hinged as at 1472, to the sides of the casting 14 and is adapted to beA swung towards oraway from the web of wheel 14d adjacent its periphery to regulate the amount of seed delivered at thedischarge point 14g. In order to adjust the throat ltf I provide a shaft 14k carry- .ingeccentric cams 14m operating in loops 14n on the back of the throats 147, whereby -as the shaft 111k is .rotated by lknob 14p the vthroat willbe pivoted.

The. spaced furrow openers preferably comprisev a pair of mold boards 15V disposed at opposite sides of a rolling coulter hoe 15a preferably of the type shown in my `copending application, Serial No. 428,892, led Feb. 17, 1930, and therefore needs no particular description herein. Each furrow opener is referably carried by an A-frame 27 pivotaliy mounted upon the frontxframe bar 1 as shown in Fig. 1, whereby the furrow opener may be raised or lowered asy hereinafterdescribed. .Each frame 27 isprovided i with a pressure rod 27a (Fig. 1) pivotally connected to an arm 18a on the tubular sleeve 18 which is rotatably mounted upon the center frame bar 2, the sleeve 18 having .so i

a lever 186 and ratchet mechanism 180 -i whereby the handle 186 may be set atany angularity desired. The pressure rod y27a preferably passes through a bore in the outer end of the armk 18a'and a head on the upper end of rod 27a prevents the `arm 18al from becoming disengaged from the rod.v .The arm 18a is adapted to slidably engage the rod 27a and a spring 276 is Vinterposed between the arm 180i vand an adjustable pin 27d on the lower end of the pressure rod whereby the tension of the spring '2766, may be changed. By. the` above construction when thearm 18a is depressed, the rod 27a will be yieldably depressed to hold the furrow openers 15 down to their work vto open When however the :arm -18a is raised, as

in full lines Fig. 1, the arms 18a will engage the head on the upperend of the rod 27a and positively raise the furrow openers 15 into inoperative position above the ground level as shown inyfull linesL in Fig. 1.

Connected Vwith the rear of the machine behind each furrow opener 15 and operating in its respective furrow, is a set of mulch-ing wheels 16 for the purpose Vof conserving moisture over the seed. As shown in Figs'. 1 and 2, each set is secured to a panV 17 Y hingedly connected by straps 17a to the rear frame bar 3, and each pan 17 is adapted toV khold weights V) whereby the mulching Y et 17d on the arm 172i passing upwardlyv through a bracket 17e on casting 17, said bolt`17c being provided with a ,Cotter pinV 17 7V above bracket 17e to limit the downward swing of the: arms' 17e. `Around` bolt 170 between the brackets 17e and 17d is a spring 17 g yieldably depressing theiarm 17s to hold the wheels 16 down on the ground.Vv

Each armv 17e carries. a pair of wheels16 Va furrow in front of the feed tubes 14a, 146.

Vll)

clogging or shoulderinvf. pulverizmg the soil for if they were in a' two meet at the bottom of the furrow thesoil Vis pressed by the portions 16a down over the seed. The press or mulch wheels 16 are preferably of the type disclosed in my copending application Serial No. 591,408, filed F eb. 6, 1932.

The half round projection 16?) forms trenches at the sides of the furrow to-retain the loose soil that'falls in from the sides of the furrow, thereby preventing too much soil from falling upon seed as disclosed in my aforesaid application. Both wheels-16 are adjustable and by means of their adjustment, they can be spread apart at the rear and when so adjusted, the outer flange picks up the loose fine soil from the sides of tne trench. lVhen the wheels 16 are in motion, this loose soil is rolled to the center of wheel and is discharged through holes 16d in the flange 16a and inner wall of the wheel, the soil falling as a dry mulch upon the soil that has been pressed overV the seed. The object kof the loose soil mulch is to retainthe moisture in the pressed soil over the seed. Other forms of mulch wheels may be used if desired.

' As shown in Fig. 4 the frame of each seeding machine, when used side by side may be set at angle of about 14 degrees relative to 'direction of pull. the 'angle is to allow an overlap to each furrow opener, allowing them to pass over or cut through trashl and surface litter without This prevents straight rank, the soil thrown by one furrow opener. clashes with the soil thrown by the onenextto it, breaking same into fine particles, which are easily shifted by high winds. When overlapped, this action does notvtake place and the soil is left in a lumpy state, preventing shifting by high winds. j

lVhen two or more seeding machines are hitched together, this construction simplifies a hitch for a gang drill hook-up. vt also avoids ends of machines interfering when making turns Y seeding machine may be utilized in connection with a rotary hoe attachment as disclosed in my copending application Serial No. 592,638, filed Feb. 12, 1932; and witha combination grain and fertilizer distributors to distribute grain and fertilizer in granular or pellet form, in regulated quanti- My reason for adopting -ties as disclosed in my copending application Serial N o. 591,727, filed Feb'. 8, 1932.

I claim z*d v 1. In a seeding machine, a frame; a supporting wheel adjacent eachy end of the frame; a combined steering and balancing wheeled forecarriage connected to the frame on the center line thereof; a series of furrow openers vertically adjustably mounted with respect to the frame; seed distributors, a cylindrical seed hopper on each side of the center line of the frame; meansconnected with the distributors for holding the hoppers on Vthe frame; distributing pipes eX- tending from the distributors and discharging behind the respective furrow openers; a drive shaft for operatingthe distributors; and means operated by the forecarriage for rotating the shaft.

2. In a seeding machine, a wheeled frame, a combined steering and balancing wheeled forecarriage connected to the frame; a series of furrow openers on the frame; hoppers, seed distributors cooperating with the hoppers to feed seed behind the furrow openers; a drive shaft for operating the distributors, a vertical shaft in the forecarriage'; means for rotating the shaft by and Ywith the 'fore-carriage wheels; a horizontal shaft above the vertical shaft; gearing connecting the horizontal shaft and driveI shaft; and change speed gearing connecting Vthe vertical shaft and horizontal shaft.

3. 1n a seeding machine, a frame comprising parallel bars extending the width of the machine; spaced cross-arms connecting the frame; a supporting wheel adjacent each end of the frame; a combined steering and balancing forecarriage on th'e centerline of the frame; struts iiXedly connecting the forecarriage with the frame bars; a seed hopper mounted on the cross-arms; a series of furrow openers vertically adjustably mounted with respect to the frame; seed distributors mounted opposite openings in the hopper; distributing pipes extending from the distributors and discharging behind the respective furrow openers; a drive shaft for operating the distributors; and means operated by the forecarriage for rotating the shaft.

4.15111 a seeding machine as set forth in claim 3, said cross-arms each having an obtuse angularity in the vertical plane with the apex uppermost; a vsaddle formed in the top of each'c'ross-bar for receiving the hopper; and a bearing in each cross-bar below the saddle'for the drive sha-ft.

5, lin a seeding machine as set forth in Vclaim S, said forecarriage comprising ahead casting having a vertically disposed shank connected by the struts to the bars; a steering casting rotatably mounted on the shank; wheels journaled on the steering casting;

and a hitch bracket on the steering castingextending in front of the Wheels; said Wheels being disposed closely adjacent and toed in at the ground level.

6. In a seeding machine as set forth in claim 3, a seed hopper on each side of the centerline of the frame, and straps around the hoppers connected with Vthe distributors for holding the hoppers in the saddles.

7. In a seeding machine as set forth in claim 3, said furrov openers being carried by arms pivotally mounted on one frame bar; sleeve sections rotatably mounted on another frame bar; pressure arms carried by said sleeves above each of the furrow opener arms; connections between the pressure arms and furrow opener arms for yieldably depressing the latter as the former are depressed and for raising the latter asthe former are raised; manually operable means for rotating the'sleeves, and means for locking the sleeves in adjusted position.

8. In a seedingV machine as set forth in claim 3, said drive shaft operating means comprising a vertical shaft 1n the forecarriage; means for rotating the shaft by and With the forecarriage Wheel; a horizontal hopper on ,the frame; furrow 'openers oarried by the frame; distributors for feeding the seed from v`the hopper to the furrovs7 openers; a drive shaft for operating the distributors, and means extending throughthe forecarriage for rotating the drive shaft..

12. In a seeding machine as set forth in claim 11, said drive shaft operating means comprising avertical shaft journaled in the forecarriage; means for rotating the shaft by and with the forecarriage Wheel;` av horizontal shaft above the vertical shaft;v gearing connecting the horizontal shaft and drive shaft;` and change speed gearing connecting the verticalshaft and horizontal shaft. v

BEN AP. JOHNSON.

shaft above the vertical shaft Gearing con- I necting the horizontal shaft vand drive shaft; change speed gearing connecting the. vertical shaft and horizontal shaft; and a slip clutch in the horizontal shaft.

9. In a seeding machine, a. frame; a combined steering and balancing Wheeled forecarriage connected to the frame; a Vseedhopper mounted on the frame; furrow openers mounted on the frame;V force feed distributors mounted opposite openings in the hopper; distributing pipes leading from the distributors and discharging seed behind the furrow openers; a drive shaft for operating each of the distributors; a vertical shaft in the forecarriage; means for Vrotating the shaft by and with the forecarriage Wheels; a horizontal shaft above the vertical shaft; gearing connecting the horizontal shaft and drive shaft; and change speed gearing connecting the vertical shaft and horizontal shaft.

l0. In a seeding machine as set forth in claim 9, the change speed gearing comprising a gear on the vertical shaft'having a plurality of concentrically arranged rovvs of teeth on its face; a pinionv splined on the horizontal lshaft adapted to be moved into mesh with each of the concentric rows; said pinion having an annular flange thereon; and a member hingedly connected to lthe forecarriage provided With grooves adapted to receive the annular flange on the pinion to'locl the pinion in mesh With the rovvs of concentric teeth.

11. In a seeding machine, a frame; a combined steering and balancing forecarriage;

struts fixedly connecting the forecarriage with the frame gY said forecarriage compris-

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