US1883706A

US1883706A - Boiler

Info

Publication number: US1883706A
Application number: US451353A
Authority: US
Inventors: Charles W Gordon
Original assignee: Superheater Co Ltd
Current assignee: Superheater Co Ltd; Superheater Co
Priority date: 1930-05-10
Filing date: 1930-05-10
Publication date: 1932-10-18
Anticipated expiration: 1949-10-18

Description

Jatented @ct. 18, 1932 p ai n TATE PATENT OFFICE oneiatns w. GORDON, or PLEASANTVILLE, NEW YORK,7ASSIG1\T0R TO THE surna- HEATER COMPANY, on NEW YORK, 1\T. Y.

BOILER a med, filed May 10,

The present invention relates to the art of steam generation'and has as its principal ob ject the provision of a convenientand efficient arrangement whereby the ratio of radiant 5 heating surface to convection heating surface may beincreased.- V i v r The novel features of my invention are pointed out with particularity in the appended claims. The invention itself, however, together, with further objects and advantages, will best be understood from the following detailed description of a particular boiler and furnace embodying-myinvention taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which I I Fig. 1 is a vertical sectional view through a' boiler and furnace in accordance with my invention taken on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2. I Fig. 2 isa vertical sectional view takenat right angles to the plane of Fig. 1, parts being broken away for purposes of illustration. Recent practice in steam generation has tended toward operation of boilers and furnaces at high ratings, especially in the case of water tube boilers, but it has been found that operation at high ratings has often produced an undue rate of depreciation 1n the tubes subjected to direct radiation due to the combined efiects of radiation and high 30 temperature gases. It has been proposed to reduce the severity of the conditions to which the tubes nearest the fire are subjected by cooling somewhat the gases contacting with such tubes by radiation to vertical water walls. However, in'the ordinary types of water tube boilers it has 'beenfound diff cult to provide sufiicientradiant receiving surface to permit the desired intensity of combustion in the furnace without high rate of crating tubes. Inthe drawings,I have illustrated an arrangement whereby the amount of the vertical radiant receiving surface necessaryfor accomplishing-such object may be readily provided.

Referring to the drawings more in detail, indicates a bank of horizontally inclined generating tubes extending between rear headers 12 and front headers 14, said headers deterioration of many of the ordinary gen-' beingconnected to a transverse'horizontal 1930. Serial No. 451,353.

nipples 20. Bank 10 is set above the furnace" chamber 22. In order to cool the gases from furnace 22 by radiation before they strike the lower rows of tubes in bank 10, I divide the tubes of bank 10 into a convenient number of groups such as 10a, l0band 100 by means of sets of

vertical tubes

24, 24 extending through lanes between groups 10a, 10b and 100 and forming walls or partitions adapted to receive radiation and running down into chamber 22. Each group of tubes 24 extends horizontally in a direction transverse to the drum 16'from3a point near the front headers 14 to a point near the rear headers12. Walls'.

240/, similar to walls 24 are provided also at the'out'er vertical sides of the groups 10a and lOc-along the side walls of the furnace chamber 22." I11 the arrangement illustrated,

water for the

vertical tubes

24 and 24a is taken from the drum 16 by a row of nipples 26 which runs longitudinally of drum 16 below the water line therein. 'Nip'ples 26' incline downwardly and rearwardlyfrom the drum to connect with a horizontal manifold 28 at the rear of the boiler setting. From the 1nanifold28'downcomer conduits 80, 30

conduct the water downwardly and then hori- Zontally to points beneath the chamber 22, the lower ends of conduits 30 running parallel to the planes defined by the groups of vertical tubes 24 and 24aand lying intermediate such planes but below the lower ends of such vertical tubes. Fromythe horizontal portions 31 of conduits 30 riser nipples 32 conduct the .water upwardly and transversely to the in teriors of lower horizontal manifolds34, 34" parallell to conduit sectionsi31 and eachof which connects with the lower ends of a given row of vertical tubes 24or 2412. As shown, there are two sets of nipples 32 leading from each conduit portion'31 so that each of the conduits 30 is required to supply an equal number of: vertical tubes 24-or 24a- The manifolds 34, as well as theconduit sections 31, liebelow the floor of furnace chamber'22.

:Tubes24 and 24a extend verticallythrough thechamber 22 and alongside the groups of tubes forming bank 10 to connections with

upper manifolds

36, 36. Preferably, inanifolds 36 are above the ordinary roof level of the boiler of the type employing generating tubes such as those illustrated in bank 10 and are shown as lying above the horizontal circulator nipples 20. Upper manifolds 86 also run transverse to the drum 16 and in order to connect the upper manifolds into the drum most efliciently, I prefer to provide

nipples

38, 38 which connect into the sides of the manifolds 36, at points spaced longitudinally of such manifolds and extend outwardly from the manifolds and then parallel to them so as to connect into the drum 16 at points such as 40, 40 spaced longtutdinally of the drum along a horizontal line. The steam from the tubes 24 is, therefore, taken out of the upper manifolds 36 at points distributed along the lengths of such manifolds and introduced into the drum 16 somewhat equally along the length of the drum. Moreover, the steam and water from manifolds 36 are broughtinto drum 16 Without weakening the shell of the drum so as to require reinforcement thereof as would be the case if the relatively large manifolds 36 were connected directly into drum 16.

I prefer to provide also, front and rear water walls for the furnace chamber 22 composed of

tubes

42 and 44 respectively. Such water walls are in common use, but I find that the circulatory system previously described in connection with the

water walls

24 and 24a may be utilized in part in connection with the

water walls

42 and 44 although

walls

24 and 24a are in planes at right angles to

walls

42 and 44. As illustrated, the circulatory arrangement for

water walls

42 and 44 comprises

downcomer conduits

46, 46, the upper ends of which connect into the ends of the manifold 28. Con duits 46 extend downwardly and forwardly along the sides of chamber 22 to points such as 48 midway of the sides of the furnace .chamberat which points conduits 46 divide into

branches

46a and 46?) which run respectively forwardly and rearwardly and downwardly so as to connect with the ends of manifolds 42a and 44a which extend outsidethe walls of chamber 22 along its front and back respectively. Manifold 42a connects to the bottoms of tubes 42, and manifold 44a connects to the bottoms of tubes 44,

and each of these manifolds is fed with water at both ends. The tops of tubes 42 connect into the manifold 42?) which runs parallel to the front wall of chamber 22. Each end of the manifold 42?) connects into a riser 50 which extends upwardly and rearwardly to a point at the level of the center of drum 16 but somewhat in the rear of such drum where it connects into a horizontal manifold 52 runningparallel to the drum 16 and from which steam and water are conducted into the drum by means of curved nipples 54 extending in a row along the manifold 52 and connecting into the upper portion of the rear face of drum 16.

The upper ends of the rear water wall tubes 44 connect into a horizontal manifold 56 from which steam and Water are conducted by riser nipples 58 running upwardly at the rear of the boiler and connecting at the upper ends into the lower face of the manifold 52.

The furnace for the installation above described is preferably fired by means of liquid or pulverized fuel, and the burners are set at the centers of burner apertures such as 60, 60 in the front Wall of the furnace. The flames from the burners are directed rearwardly along the lanes midway between the

vertical walls

24 and 24a which extend below the burners. The gases in the furnace chamber, therefore, radiate heat to the

tubes

24 and 24a and thereby reduce their temperatures before striking the lower tubes of bank 10. Not only is the rate of deterioration of the tubes 10 thereby decreased, but the capacity of the boiler installation is greatly increased.

It will be seen that I have provided an arrangement for increasing the length of life of an ordinary water tube boiler at the same time increasing its capacity, but one which can be fabricated by methods now in common use.

I claim:

1. The combination in a boiler of a plurality of groups, of generator tubes, saidgroups having vertical lanes therebetween, a steamand water drum transverse to said tubes and'connected to both ends thereof, rows of vertical water tubes in said lanes between and extending well below said groups, and means connecting the tops and bottoms of said vertical tubes to said drum, said means for connecting the generator tubes to the transverse drum including substantially horizontal nipples above the generator tubes, said vertical tubes extending through said horizontal nipples to points above said nipples, and said means connecting the vertical tubes to the drum including manifolds transverse to the steam and water drum.

2. The combination as set forth in claim 1 and in which a furnace chamber is provided below the generator tubes and the vertical tubes extend through the bottom of said chamber. 7

3. The combination in a boiler of a plu rality of groups of generator tubes, said groups having vertical lanes therebetween, a steam and water drum transverse to said tubes, means connecting both ends of said tubes to said drum and including substantially horizontal nipples above said generator tubes, rows of vertical water tubes extending in said lanes between and well-below said generator tubes and above said nipples, manifoldstransverse to said drum and connected to the upper ends of said vertical tubes, circulator nipples connectedinto saic manifolds at longitudinally spaced points along the manifolds and connected into said drum at longitudinally spaced points along the drum, and means connecting said drum to the lower ends of said vertical water tubes.

d. T he combination in a boiler of generator tubes arranged in groups separated by vertical lanes, a steam and water drum transverse to said tubes, means connecting both ends of said tubes to said drum to provide for circulation therethrough and including substantially horizontal nipples above said generator tubes, vertical tubes in the lanes between said generator tubes and extending above said nipples and also bounding two sides of said generator tubes parallel to said lanes, means connecting both ends of said vertical tubes to said drum to provide for Circulation therethrough, a furnace chamber below said generator tubes throughwhich some of said vertical tubes extend and which has two of its walls faced by other of said vertical tubes, additional vertical water tubes on the inner surface of another wall of said furnace chamber, and means connecting both ends of said additional water tubes into said drum to provide for circulation therethrough.

5. The combination as set forth in claim i and in which the means for connecting the lower ends of the additional vertical water tubes with the drums and the means for con-- necting the lower ends of the water tubes in the lanes of the generator tubes have a header in common which is adjacent the steam and water drum and substantially parallel thereto, and circulator nipples connecting said header and the steam and water drum and spaced lonigtudinally along the drum and header.

6. The combination in a boiler of a plurality of groups of generator tubes separated byvertical lanes, a steam and water drum transverse to said tubes, means connecting bothends of said tubes to said drum to provide for circulation therethrough, a furnace chamber beneath said generator tubes, vertical water tubes in said lanes and at two sides of said 'enerator tubes and extendin from a level above the generator tubes to a level below said furnace chamber, manifolds transverse to said drum and connecting the lower ends of said vertical water tubes in groups, a header adjacent said drum and parallel thereto, circulator nipples connecting said header to said drum below the water line in the drum and spaced longitudinally of the drum and header, conduits extending downwardly from said header to a-point below said furnace chamber and running parallel to said manifolds at their lower ends, nipples connecting the lower ends of said conduits 5 to said manifolds and spacedlongitudinally of the-manifolds and lower ends of the conduits, and means connecting the upper ends of "said vertical water tubes to said steam and water drum. 7

7 The combination in a boiler of a plurality of groups of generator tubes having vertical lanes between the groups, a steam and water drum, means for connecting said drum to both ends of said tubes including substantially horizontal nipples above said generatortubes, a furnace below said tubes, firing tical lanes between the groups, a steam and water drum connected to both ends of said tubes, a furnace below saidtubes, firing means for said furnace, rows of vertical water tubes in said lanes and extending into said furnace below the level of said firing means, means for connecting the tops of said vertical tubes to said drum, and means for connecting the bottoms of said vertical tubes to said drum including downcomer connections the lower ends of which extend parallel to the planes of the vertical tubes intermediate said planes, manifolds at the lower ends of the vertical water tubes and horizontally extending nipples connecting the lower ends of said downcomers with said manifolds.

l0. The combination in a boiler, of a plurality of groups. of Vertical water tubes paced horizontally and lying in parallel planes, a steam and water drum extending transversely to the planes of said groups, connections between the upper ends of said tubes and said drum, a header parallel to said drum and connected thereto, manifolds at the bottoms of said vertical tubes and conduits connected at their upper ends to said header and each conduit connected at its lower end to two of said manifolds.

11. The combination in a boiler of groups of vertical water tubes arranged in parallel planes, asteam and water drum extending transversely of the planes of said tubes, means connecting the upper ends of said tubes to said drum, a furnace having two side walls lined bygroups of said tubes, vertical tubes screening'the front and rear walls of said furnace, means including a common header for connecting the upper ends of said last mentioned tubes to said drum, means including a header for connecting the lower ,7

ends of said first mentioned groups of tubes to saiddrum, and means including said last mentioned header for connecting the lower ends of the second mentioned groups of tubes to said drum.

12. The combination in a boiler of a plurality of groups of Vertical Water tubes arranged in spaced parallel planes, a furnace chamber tWo sides of which are bounded by a pair of said groups of tubes, a steam and Water drum extending transverse to the planes of said groups and near the upper ends of said groups, manifolds transverse to said drum and each connected to the lower ends of the tubes in one of said groups, a header adjacent to said drum and parallel thereto, means connecting said header to said drum, conduits extending downwardly from said header to points below said furnace and running parallel to said manifolds at their lower ends, nipples connecting the lower ends of said conduits to said manifolds and spaced longitudinally of the manifolds and lower ends of the conduits, and means connecting the upper ends of said Vertical Water tubes to said steam and Water drum.

CHARLES W. GORDON.