US1883384A - Process of producing yarn - Google Patents

Process of producing yarn Download PDF

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Publication number
US1883384A
US1883384A US429236A US42923630A US1883384A US 1883384 A US1883384 A US 1883384A US 429236 A US429236 A US 429236A US 42923630 A US42923630 A US 42923630A US 1883384 A US1883384 A US 1883384A
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United States
Prior art keywords
sliver
fibers
yarn
continuous
substantial parallelism
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Expired - Lifetime
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US429236A
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English (en)
Inventor
Lohrke James Louis
Henry H Perry
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to US429236A priority Critical patent/US1883384A/en
Priority to FR711044D priority patent/FR711044A/fr
Priority to GB4623/31A priority patent/GB376799A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1883384A publication Critical patent/US1883384A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G1/00—Severing continuous filaments or long fibres, e.g. stapling
    • D01G1/06—Converting tows to slivers or yarns, e.g. in direct spinning
    • D01G1/08—Converting tows to slivers or yarns, e.g. in direct spinning by stretching or abrading
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G1/00—Severing continuous filaments or long fibres, e.g. stapling
    • D01G1/06—Converting tows to slivers or yarns, e.g. in direct spinning
    • D01G1/10—Converting tows to slivers or yarns, e.g. in direct spinning by cutting

Definitions

  • Psa-tea oef. is, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT i for-FICE JAMES LOUIS LOHBXE, F MOYLAN-ROSE VALLEY, AND HENRY E. PERBLY, 0l'
  • the resent invention relates to a process of pro ucing yarn from so-called endless or continuous textile ibers.
  • yarn has been manufactured from such endless or continuous fibers, whether natural or articial, by two general types or classes of processes.
  • a relatively small group of such ibers is brought together in l0 substantially parallel relation to form an endless or continuous, ine strand which is carried through the various steps requisite, according to the specic process emplo ed, to convert it into a yarn in which the fi ers are present in endless or continuous form and are co-extensive in length with the yarn, only a slight tolerance or accidental breakage of the fibers in handling being permissible. The number of such fibers handled seldom, if
  • Such s teps are numerous and, for instan, according to the worsted method, usually comprise the following:
  • An object of the resent invention is to rovide a new type o process for the manuacture of yarn from endless or continuous textile fibers, which possesses important advantages over processes of each of the types above referred to, and which makes possible the production of a high-grade yarn at 'a relatively low cost.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a process which consists of but few steps
  • a further object ofthe invention is to provide a process which may be practiced with a minimum of labor and machinery and in which well-known or standard textile machines may be employed with but slight, if widely varied as found expedient according any, modifications.
  • a still further object of the invention is to produce a yarn which has an even and uniform character, which is substantially free from slubs and nibs, and which, if the fibers are lustrous, has a high degree of lustre.
  • Our process is applicable to fibers of artificial silk, artificial wool, artificial cotton and other artificial fibers which may be produced in endless or continuous form, and also .to real silk and other suitable natural fibers.
  • endless and continuous are used herein not to indicate a loop form without actual ends, but to indicate an uninterrupted or unbroken form for a relatively long or indefinite length.
  • an endless or continuous sliver composed of a multiplicity of substantially endless or continuous, conventional fibers brought together -or combined in substantially parallel relation.
  • the individual fibers are referred to as substantially endless or continuous since it is not necessary that they correspond in length with the sliver, a Wide variation in breakage being permissible, with our invention, as long as the contlnuity of the sl1ver 1s maintained.
  • Such a sliver may be produced in any well-known or suitable manner, as 'by ouping a multiplicity of individual fibers xrom one or more spinnerets, in the case of artificial fibers, or by reeling together a multiplicity of natural fibers.
  • the sliver is relatively large, that is, is composed of many times' the number of fibers to be present in' a. :cross-section of the finished yarn.
  • the sliver- is usually, although not necessarily, composed of a smaller number of fibers than the original sliver ordinarily used in the spun rayon process and other processes ofthe second type above referred to. We find, for example, that a sliver composed of approximately 2500 fibers is usually a convenientsize when using,
  • the sliver of substantially endless or continuous fibers is suitably passed through two sets of. rollers, as illustrated diagrammatically, for instance,in the accompanying drawing. While there may be any suitable number 'of 'rollers in each set, we have shown in the present instance three rollers A in the first set, and two rollers B in the second.
  • the rollers A are the feed rollers and the rollers B the delivery rollers.
  • the rollers of the respective sets travel at the same surface speed, but the surface speed of the deliver rollers is greater than that of the feed ro 1ers.
  • the advancing end thereof should preferably be uneven, that is, with the fibers of varying lengths or having, what may be termed, staggered ends. If necessary, the ends of the fibers may be suitably broken or cut to prov cute such a condition.
  • the longer fibers are the first to be nipped by the latter, and are thereupon subjected to tension due to the fact that the surface speed of the delivery rollers is faster than that of the feed rollers.
  • the tension is rendered sufficient to break the portions of the longer fibers stretched betwen the sets of rollers, at points of natural or inherent weakness.
  • the next longest fibers are then nipped and broken, and so on, the fibers being broken at different intervals in a haphazard manner fas the sliver progresses and new staggered ends being thus formed which in turn are nipped and broken so that the breaking reuniformity or evenness of the sliver and, what is also important, without destroying the substantial parallelism of the fibers.
  • the length of the relatively short fibers reduced is determined, within limits, by t e distance between the sets of rollers or, as it is known in the art, the ratch, and by adjusting or setting f the ratch the length of the staple fibers may be varied to suit the particular drafting and spinning steps to be thereafter employed and v feed rollers, not only effects the staggered' the machinery to be used therefor.
  • the extent of the drafting or drawitng may be varied, as required in any given in.
  • the resultingsliver is not only endless or continuous and has the short fibers arranged therein in substantially parallel relation, but it also retains the practical uniformity or evenness Which characterized the original sliver.
  • the resulting sliver may, under certain circumstances, be twisted in any well-known or suitable manner to form a yarn directly therefrom. This depends upon the size of the original sliver, the extent to which it has been drafted, and the size and weight of yarn desired. Where the resulting sllver is too large or heavy to be converted directlyinto the desired yarn, it may be suitably twisted or otherwise formed into a roving which in turn is reduced by being further drafted and twisted through one or more stages to pro-
  • the yarn produced has an even or uniform character and is substantially free from slubs and nibs. It may be either Aused as a single yarn or, if desired, formed into ply yarn, as is well-known in the art.
  • the finished yarn is put up in any form desired by the trade, such as reeled in skeins, wound on cones, or the like.
  • our process may be practiced with substantial economy and with a minimum of labor and machinery. While special machines may, of course, be employed, the process is adapted to be carried out with well-known or standard textile machines, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. For instance, the breaking of the fibers and drafting of the sliver may be performed on a finishing frame, a reducing frame, a roving frame or a spinning frame, such as employed in the manufacture of worsted yarn, these machines being merely mentioned by way of illustration, and a particular machine being femployed according as found most suitable ⁇ under given conditions. Moreover, the resulting sliver may be twisted in the same machine to produce a. yarn directly therefrom where this is appropriate.
  • the further drafting and the subsequent twisting may be carried out on conventional machines for performing such steps in the manlll ufacture of worsted or other staple ber yarn.
  • the same may be said of the winding, reeling, or the like, of the yarn produced.
  • the size of the original sliver to be used depends u pon the machinery to be employed in breaking the bers and drafting the sliver, the amount of draft, whether or not there is to be further drafting, and the size of the yarn to be produced. It is because of the rst of these factors that the original sliver, when it is to be brokenv anddrafted on conventional.
  • the original sliver is usually wound 1n a ball or on a spool, or collected in a suitable container or otherwise put up in untangled condition so that it will pay out readily when subsequently used in our process: But this may be, of course, unnecessary, 1f the production of the sliver is followed by the steps of our process, in a continuous sequence.
  • the process of producing yarn which consists in making a continuous sliver composed of a multiplicity of substantially contin'uous bers grouped in substantial parallelism, severing the bers to produce uneven or staggered ends, repeating such severing at intervals throughout the length of the sliver, to reduce the bers to staple bers While maintaining their substantial parallelism and the continuity of the sliver, and drafting and twisting the resultin sliver.
  • the process o producing yarn which consists in making a continuous sliver composed of a multiplicity of substantially continuous bers grouped in substantial parallelism, applying tensionto successiveportions of the fibers and thereby both progressively breaking the continuous fibers into staple lengths While maintaining their substantial parallelism and the continuity of the sliver, and drafting the sliver, and forming from the resulting sliver a yarn.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
US429236A 1930-02-18 1930-02-18 Process of producing yarn Expired - Lifetime US1883384A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US429236A US1883384A (en) 1930-02-18 1930-02-18 Process of producing yarn
FR711044D FR711044A (fr) 1930-02-18 1931-02-12 Fil et son procédé de fabrication
GB4623/31A GB376799A (en) 1930-02-18 1931-02-13 Process for stapling continuous filaments and producing yarn therefrom

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US429236A US1883384A (en) 1930-02-18 1930-02-18 Process of producing yarn

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1883384A true US1883384A (en) 1932-10-18

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US429236A Expired - Lifetime US1883384A (en) 1930-02-18 1930-02-18 Process of producing yarn

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US1883384A (fr)
FR (1) FR711044A (fr)
GB (1) GB376799A (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE741301C (de) * 1937-12-16 1943-12-01 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines verzugsfaehigen Faserbandes aus endlosen Fadengebilden
US2419320A (en) * 1943-05-08 1947-04-22 Lohrke James Louis Process and apparatus for producing staple fibers
US2497511A (en) * 1948-07-23 1950-02-14 Jr Charles Eugene Neisler Direct spinning machine and method
US2517946A (en) * 1946-10-03 1950-08-08 Kohorn Henry Von Method of producing yarn
US2570173A (en) * 1950-05-17 1951-10-02 Kohorn Henry Von Method of producing yarn
US2602964A (en) * 1947-01-29 1952-07-15 American Viscose Corp Production of spun yarns and fibers
US2611931A (en) * 1947-06-20 1952-09-30 Rieter Joh Jacob & Cie Ag Arrangement for producing a spun short-fiber yarn
US2632230A (en) * 1949-01-06 1953-03-24 Neisler Mills Inc Textile fabric
US2640228A (en) * 1947-05-06 1953-06-02 Saco Lowell Shops Mechanism for drafting rayon tow
US2845771A (en) * 1954-10-22 1958-08-05 Jr Charles Eugene Neisler Direct spun shantung yarn and method of making same
DE1085069B (de) * 1953-12-23 1960-07-07 Merlin Gerin Feststellbares Scharnier
US4771596A (en) * 1970-04-20 1988-09-20 Brunswick Corporation Method of making fiber composite

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE741301C (de) * 1937-12-16 1943-12-01 Ig Farbenindustrie Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines verzugsfaehigen Faserbandes aus endlosen Fadengebilden
US2419320A (en) * 1943-05-08 1947-04-22 Lohrke James Louis Process and apparatus for producing staple fibers
US2517946A (en) * 1946-10-03 1950-08-08 Kohorn Henry Von Method of producing yarn
US2602964A (en) * 1947-01-29 1952-07-15 American Viscose Corp Production of spun yarns and fibers
US2640228A (en) * 1947-05-06 1953-06-02 Saco Lowell Shops Mechanism for drafting rayon tow
US2611931A (en) * 1947-06-20 1952-09-30 Rieter Joh Jacob & Cie Ag Arrangement for producing a spun short-fiber yarn
US2497511A (en) * 1948-07-23 1950-02-14 Jr Charles Eugene Neisler Direct spinning machine and method
US2632230A (en) * 1949-01-06 1953-03-24 Neisler Mills Inc Textile fabric
US2570173A (en) * 1950-05-17 1951-10-02 Kohorn Henry Von Method of producing yarn
DE1085069B (de) * 1953-12-23 1960-07-07 Merlin Gerin Feststellbares Scharnier
US2845771A (en) * 1954-10-22 1958-08-05 Jr Charles Eugene Neisler Direct spun shantung yarn and method of making same
US4771596A (en) * 1970-04-20 1988-09-20 Brunswick Corporation Method of making fiber composite

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB376799A (en) 1932-07-13
FR711044A (fr) 1931-09-01

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