US1866325A - Superheater - Google Patents

Description

July 5, 1932.

R. STEIN ET AL SUPERHEATER Filed May '11, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet l N VEN TORS- R1 CHA ED 5 TE//\/ L/OHA/VNES EULEA WALTER PUFF- flk/ July 5, 1932. R. sTzfN ET AL SUPERHEATER Filed May 11. 1929 4 She etS- -Sheet 2 IN VEN TORS. Fact-A420 STE/N (/QHANNES E ULER By WAL. TE? PuF-F- July 5, 1932. v R. -rEIN ET AL" SUPERHEATER Filed May 11, 1929 4 Sheets-Sheet 3' v A. INVENTORS. RICHARD S E/N (/aHA NNES E u. ER

Vl/ALTEI? Pup- ATTORNEY.

y 2- v R. STEIN ET AL 1,866,325

' SUPERHEA'IER Filed May 11, 1929" 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 v INVENTORS. RICHARD STE/N (/QHANNES E (11.52

y WALL/7E1? PUFF A TTORNE Y ing of the fire-tubes.

. .1 35 only right-or lef i atented July 5, 1932 ire!) STATES RICHARD srEm, OF oAssEL, JOHANNES some, on CASSEL-WILHELMSHOHE, AND WALTER PUFF, or CASSEL, GERMANY, ASSIGNORS TO THE SUPER-HEATER cotrranY,

OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

Application filed May 11, 1929, Serial No.

Lil heater elements being made to the lower side of the steam header. When the bottom of the steam header is a flat surface, this results in the superheater elements having ends of unequal length correspondng to the stagger- The result is that the superheater elements of a given tier are not interchangeable with those of an adjacent tier. v

p This disadvantage is obviated by means of 35 the arrangement in accordance with this invention, which consists in having the surfaces of the header to which the ends are connected stepped to correspond to the staggering of the fire tubes. In this way the ends of the 29 elements pertaining to a given tier of tubes aremade of the same length as the ends of theelements in the adjacent staggered tier, sothat the elements can be mutually interchanged and the number of kinds of elements 25 orelement 'rou s to be ke at in stock is reduced.

The steam header accordingito the present invention is adapted both for superheaters in fire-tubes of normal diameter, and for H3 superheaters in enlarged fines and likewise for symmetrical as well as for unsymmetrical tube distribution; In the former distribution, right and left elements have to be dealt with but in the unsymmetrical distribution t elements occur so that in this latter case the number of kinds ofelements is further diminished and each element of a tier can be exchanged with the corresponding element of any other tier. The stepped arrangement of the connection surfaces for the superheater elements in accordance with the invention can be efiectedby forming the bottom of thesteam header itself in a stepped manner or by inserting pieces of the proper length between theplane superheater header bottom and the superheater element ends of one set of the staggered rows whichare to be connected to the header.

According to one form of the invention,

150 the t op, of the header is also stepped to correseaase, and in Germany my 18, 192s.

spond to the bottom. This is done where the ends are held to the header by means of bolts extending through the header. The bolts will, by this arrangement, remain of equal length. I

The drawings show a few illustrative forms of this inventive idea. I

Figs. 1 and 2 show a cross sectional and longitudinal section respectively ,of a steam header according to this invention in the case of a superheater in normal diametered fire tubes; Figs. 3 and show a form of a header with stepped top; Figs. 5 to 7 show two further forms of the steam header for firetubes of normal diameter, while Figs. 8 to 10 illustrate two forms of a header for superheaters in enlarged lines; Fig. 11 also shows a superheater in enlarged fines, this figure showing the form in which the intermediate pieces are used; Figs.l2 and 13 show, on an enlarged scale,,difierent forms of these interposed pieces, I

In the case of the superheater in normal diametered fire-tubes as shown in Figs. land 2, the superheater elements 1 are arranged in the fire-tubes 2, the latter having a staggered arrangement. The ends of the superheater elements of two neighboring fire-tube .rows are connectedzto the bottom of the su perheater header'5by means of the angular clamps 3 and the studs 4., The superheater elements pertainingto a given vertical row or tier of fire-tubes are arranged in two groups A and B- and are connected to the bottom of the headerin such a manner that the connected ends viewed from the smokebox lie one in front of the other (Fig. 2). In order to make the ends, carrying the saturated and the superheated steam respectively, equal in length in each group of elements of a given tier to the. corresponding ones in the adjacent staggered tier, the supertheater header 5 is provided with connecting surfaces 6 and 7 on its underside, which are relatively stepped-corresponding to the staggering of the fire-tubes The superheaterheader 5 may be a single piece or maybe made of two separate parts, namely a central superheater chamber 8 and two lateral saturated, chambers 9 connected by means of the bridge 10. In the form shown tage that there will be very wide passages in these figures, the fire-tubes are symmetrical with regard to a vertical plane through the axis of the boiler so that there will be right and left elements. For each element group A and B there will therefore be required two kinds of elements, one right and one left. In the group of right-hand elementsor in the group of left-hand elements, the element-s of each group of a given tier are interchangeable with the corresponding elements of any other group, since the ends of these elements or element groups are of the same length. If the header had a plane connection surface, there would be four sorts of elements, namely, right-hand and lefthand elements, and in each of these groups two elements with unequal ends.

In the form of the invention shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the ends of the superheater elements 1 are connected to the header 5 by means of the ordinary clamps 3" and thrubolts 11. In order to make it possible to use bolts of the same length, the header 5 is formed -on its upper side with surfaces 12, 13 which are stepped to correspond to the steps 6, 7 of the bottom and with which the nuts of the bolts 11 contact. The tube sheet shows an unsymmetrical arrangement of fire-tubes, so that the-re is only one kind of elements, that is, either right-hand or lefthand. If, therefore, the elements of a given tier are gathered again into two groups as in the case first described, then there will be only one sort of elements in each group, that is, either right-hand orleft-hand elements, so that each group belonging to a given tier can be exchanged for the corresponding one of any other tier.

The forms of the invention according to Figs. 5 .to 7 show a header 5 in which the number of steps in the bottom and top is smaller. The connection surfaces 6 and 7 are chosen so that to each surface the ends of superheater elements 1 of two adjacent fire-tubes 2 may be secured. This results in a tube sheet with :a staggered square arrangement of fines and if the distribution is symmetrical there will be only one sort of elements, namely right-hand or left-hand. This staggered square distribution is a cross between the pure square arrangement and for the gases.

A further form of the invention in connection with superheaters in fines of enlarged diameter is shown in Figs. 9 and 10. Here the steps 6, 7 on the floor or bottom of the header are so arranged that only left or only right elements are required. The header 5 has two chambers 9 for saturated steam and one chamber 8 for superheated steam. In this form the elements of a given staggered tier can be exchanged for elements of the corresponding elevation in any other tier.

Inthe superheater for enlarged flues shown in Fig. 11, the floor or bottom 14 of the header 5 is plane. In order, still to obtain stepped connecting surfaces for the element ends, connecting pieces 15 of proper length are inserted above the lower tiers. These pieces are provided at their lower ends with the connecting surfaces 16 which are stopped as compared with the connecting surfaces 6 of the bottom 14. To secure the element ends of two adjacent rows, the angular clamps 3 are used, which are drawn up by means of the studs 4 and thereby force the element ends against the connecting surfaces 6 and 16. In the form according to Fig. 12,

the intermediate pieces 15 are loose-1y interposed. When the nuts of the studs 4 are drawn'up, the conical surfaces 17 are forced into the hollow conical seats 6 0f the header bottom 14. In this form of the invention the bottom of the header is therefore modified in no way and yet the new form of staggered connecting surfaces and element ends of the same length are used instead of the former arrangement of element ends of unequal length in which all the connecting surfaces were in one plane in the superheater header bottom. Fig. 13. shows a form of the invention in which the intermediate pieces 15 are screwed into the floor 14 of the header. Obviously any other appropriate means of securing these intermediate pieces in the floor might be used. For instance, the intermediate pieces might be welded into the bottom.

We claim: i

1. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a flue sheet, flues extending back from said flue sheet, said 'flues lying in relatively staggered vertical rows, groups of tubular superheater elements located in said fiues with their ends extending out of the front ends of said'fiues, a superheater header parallel to and forward of the flue sheet and above the fiues, connecting seats being provided to which the element ends are connected to put them into communication with theinterior of the header, said seats being located in horizontal rows above the vertical rows of fiues to which they respectively correspond and each end of each group of elements occupying an entire row of seats, the rows of seats having a stepped arrangement corresponding to the staggering of the flues whereby the horizontal rows of seats are all at the same vertical distance above their associated vertical rows of lines and the groups of tubes are all alike.

2. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, the stepping of said seats being eflected by stepping the bottom of the header.

3. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, the apparatus further comprising angular clamps engaging the element ends, and screw means engaging the clamps and forcing them toward the header.

4:. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 and in which the wall of the header opposite the seats is stepped similarly to the latter wall and means including bolts all of the same length for pulling the element ends toward the header. I

5. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a flue sheet, flues extending back from said flue sheet, said flues lying in relatively staggered Vertical rows, tubular superheater elements located in said fiues with ends extending out of the front ends of said flues, a superheater header parallel to and forward of the flue sheet, connecting seats being provided to which the elements ends are connected to put them into communication with the interior of said header, said seats lying on surfaces having a stepped arrangement corresponding to the staggering of the flues whereby the seats are all the same distance from the associated flues, the wall of the header opposite the one containing said seats being stepped similarly to the latter, clamps engaging the ends of the superheater elements, and bolts all of the same length and extending through the header and engaging the clamps to pull them and the elements toward the header.

RICHARD STEIN.

J OHANNES EULER.

WALTER PUFF.

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