US1680232A - Flue superheater - Google Patents

Description

P. THOMSEN FLUE SUPERHEATER a sheds-sheet 1 iled Ma rch 1926 INVENTOR.

A TTQRNEY.

FLUE SUPERHEATER Filed March 1, 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 a. G f

' G G I o 3 C) G G QOQOQOC 0006;

E 7? I" 720/190" e/v INVENTOR- ATTORNEY.

Aug. 7, 1928.

P.. THOMSEN FLUE SUPERHEATER Filed March 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTORI Il BY m ATTORNEY.

i ferent' diameters Patented Aug. 7, 19 23.

airs; a

Tit?! r ce.

v rnrnn TnoMsnN, or GASSEL, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE SUPERHEATER COMPANY,

OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

'* FLUE SUPERHEATER.

Application filed March 1,1926, Serial No. 91,483, and in Germany March 2, 1925' This invention relates to a fire tube 01' fine boiler equipped with a superheater and consists in an arrangement wherein those tubes which are intended to receive superheater elements and which-are hereinafter referred to as fines, are given different inner diameters and wherein these'several fines are given such an arrangement relatively to each other that in at least one plane passed through a row of fines, fines of small diameter alternate with fines of larger di ameter. n V i By this arrangement it. is possible to obtain a higher snperheat of the steam with a superheater located in the fines than has been possible'hithei to, without materially decreasing the average efficiency with which the gases are utilized as compared with the former lower snperheat. In addition, the

tube sheet will not be materially larger for and those leaving the third fine are at a temperature of about 360 C. Under these conditions, we could obtain a superheat for the steam of about 360 C. under the most favorable conditions. three finesare given difierent diameters, the flue containing the. superheater-loops carrying the wet steam being smallest and the one carrying the superheater steam being. great- ,est, so that the gases leave the first fine at atemperatnre of abont'300 (1., the second fine at a temperature of about 350 C} and the last fine at about 400 (3., then the aver age gas temperature under conditions similar to those of the first case will be about 350 C. The utilization of the heating gases is therefore approximately the same bntthe snperheat in the second case would be about 400 C. or about 40? C. more than in the first case. This is brought about by the arrangement whereby the fines have difand are grouped in the order indicated and the superheater elements are arranged in the fines in the necessary order.

If, however, these The fines may be arranged in such seqnence relatively to each other that, for example,- one tube of small diameter or small free area alternates with one of larger diameter or free area, or on the other hand, also in such order that when three fines are arranged in a row, the middlefiueis of normal diameter, the fine on one side has the greatest diameter and the fine on the other side the smallest diameter.

The number of fine diameters depends upon the question into how many fines a superheater element is to loop. The superheater elements are arranged in such manner in the fines, that the loops'carrying the wet steam extend into the fines of smallest diameter and the loops carrying the hottest steam eX- tend into the fines of largest diameter.

This fine arangement is of particular applicability in the case of marine boilers in which anchoring or staying fines of greater wall thickness must be provided' In this case, the anchoring fines can be used for those fines which are to be given the smaller diameter. n

The drawing represents several forms of the invention. 7 p

F ig. lshows the front View of a tube sheet of a locomotive boilerfwith fines of varying diameters with which a fine superheater is to be used.

Fig. 2 is a" vertical longitudinal section through a row of tubes with superheater elements. V

Figs. 3 and 4 are views corresponding to Figs. 1 and 2 of a locomotive boiler with fines of two difierent diameters intended to receive a superheater for smaller fines.

Figs. 5 and 6 of another form of my invention shown in a locomotive boiler and Figs. 7 and 8 show a form of fine arrangement and superheater in the case of marine boiler, Fig. 7 being a front view of the fine sheet and Fig. 8 being a horizontal section.

In the form of my invention shown in Figs, 1 and 2, the fire tnbesoi": the usual inside diameter are designated by the reference character a. To accommodate the superheater, some'rows of the fire tubes are replaced by larger fines. These larger fines which are to receive the superheater elements, are in accordance with the present invention, given different inside diameters. The group designated by Z) are given a large diameter and a second group designated by the character 0 are given a smaller inside diameter. As will beelear from an inspection of the drawing, these two groups of hues b and c are so arranged relatively to nected-to the superheated compartment of the header.

Figs. 3 and i illustratethe arrangement of fines having different internal tree areas in the'case of a locomotivelboiler, which is intended to receive a superheater located in tubes of normal diameter. In this case also each tube 0 of small inner diameter is fol lowed by one I) of larger inner diameter, taking the tubes in vertical rows. The tube lengths) carrying the to the wet steam compartment (Z by means of the intermediate or subsidiary headers cZ and are here also inserted into the tubes 0 of smaller diameter, while the lengths conveying the superheated steam are located in-thetubes b of larger diameter. The reference character 6? designates the intermediate or subsidiary headers by means OI which the superheated lengths b are secured tothe superheated steam chambere. i Q

In the illustrative form according to Figs. 5 and 6 an arrangement is shown wherein there are three different sizes of lines for a locomotive boiler with superh'eater. The flues'of usual diameter are designated by 0, those of the largest'inner diameter by b, and those of the smallest inner-diameter by 0. Between them there are arranged flues with an intermediate diameter, for instance,

. such diameter as is usual withlarge tube superheaters. These dues are designated by c- The flues vary as to their diameter both in the vertical as well as in the diagonal lines in the order mentioned. The superheater elements coming from the saturated steam' chamber are successively carried through the fines c, c and Z2, and the superheated ends are connected to the superheatedchamber e. f andh are respectively the saturated and superheated lengths for the'la'rge 'row of flues in which the smallest flue a is located at the top, f and hi are the corresponding lengths forthe rowof flues wet steam are secured in which the. smallest flue 0 lies :at the bottom. r v r I In the example illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8 (marine fire tube boiler)zthe larger diameter tubes hand the smaller diameter tubes 0 again alternate, this time in horizontal rows. It is particularly advantageous in this instance to use the tubes 0 of smaller diameter as so called anchoringflues, that is, to give them larger wall thickness. In this case also the arrangement of the superheater loops of the 'superheater elements is suchthat the loopsf of the elements coming from" the saturated chamber d extend into the smaller diameter flues c while'the superheated steamloops h are located in the larger diameter flues b. Evidently the arrangement of the fines relatively to eaclrotlier could be made the same as in the case of l0comotive boilers, especially as shownin Fig. 3. However the arrangement according to Figs. 7 and 8 is particularly advantageous for marine boilers onaccount of the simpler arrangementot the superheater elements.

What I claim is:

1. In apparatus of the class described, the

combination of a pair of flue sheets; fiues connecting them, the fluesbeing of two difterent internal diameters andso arranged that tubes otthe two diameters alternate in rows running in one direction; superheater headers parallel and adjacent to one of the I flue sheets, out of line with the fines, and at V I right angles to said rows of-rflues; and tubular superheater elements connected to said headers and each looping into fines of ditterent diameters, the arrangement being such that the steam flows last through a'loop in alarge flue. .1 p V 2. In apparatus of the class described, thecombinationpof a pair 'otflue sheets,

flues connecting them, the fines being of dif- 't'erent' internal diameters, tubular superheater units each comprising loops extending into fines of dili'erentv diameters, and means to cause steam flow 'through the loops" in a direction suchflthat the steam flows last through a loop in a flue of the largest diameter used.

3. In apparatus of the class described, I the combination ofa pair of flue sheets, fiues connecting them, the fiues being of two different internal diameters, tubular 1 super- 1 heater units each comprising two loops extending into fines of different dlameters, and V v means to cause steam flow through the loops,

the steam flowing first through; a loop ina small diameter flue and last through a loop in a large diameter flue.

, PETER THOMSEN.

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