US1862849A - Gas pilot for oil burners - Google Patents

Description

June 14,. 1932.

A. J. FRAME GAS PILOT. vi'oR on. nunnsns Filed March 18, 1931 gwvmtoz Z I I I A AJF'rame Patented June 14, 1932 UNITED STATES AUGUSTUS J. FRAME,

or corms/inns, OHIO GAS PILOT FOR OIL BURNERS Application filed March 18, 1931.

This invention relates broadly to oil burning apparatus and especially to oil burners of the automatic type utilized for residence and in other types of buildings for heating purposes. In the operation of such oil burning apparatus, it is customary to employ small pilot flames in the oil vaporizing and combustion chambers whereby this constantly burning fuel, as supplied by the pilot, is employed to initiate combustion to the main oil supply which is intermittently delivered to the vaporizing and combustion chambers.

It is a primary object of the present invention to provide a gas burning pilot wherein provision is made for carburetting the gaseous fuel supplied thereto with air in such a manner that an eflicient combustible mixture is produced by which a strong, positively maintained and relatively high temperature pilot flame is produced and one which is not likely to accidentally be extinguished when subjected .to the drafts or intermittent air currents prevailing in the combustion chamber of an oil burner, to the end that the operation of the pilot flame may be of a sustained, constant and reliable character and completely adequate at all times to perform its required functions. 4

In certain types of oil burners adapted especially for residence heating purposes, the combustion chamber comprises an open topped vessel into the bottom of which oil is fed by automatically controlled means and the oil vaporized. Extending upwardly and centrally from the bottom of such a chamber is an air distributor or riser by which air is forced under pressure in streams or jets through the vaporized oil arising from the bottom of the chamber to produce the principal combustible mixture. The air distributor consists of a substantially tubular member which has its lower end removably received within a vertical bearing prox'ided in connection with the lower portion of the combustion vessel, and it is a further object of the invention to mountin connection with said air distributor a pilot burner which maybe removed bodily with the distributor from the combustion vessel, in order to facilitate cleaning of the distributor and the removal Serial N0. 523,525.

of carbon compounds, when formed, from the Walls of the combustion chamber and the distributor. 4

It is another object of the invention to provide a pilot burner for the purpose specified which, when in operation, produces a Bunsen flame of high temperature and at the same time maintains an effective flame utilizing but a small quantity of a gaseous fuel in order that its operation may be both reliable and economical.

WVith these and other objects in view, which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in the novel features of construction, combination of elements and arrangements of parts hereinafter fully described and pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is a top plan view of oil burning apparatus, wherein is employed v,jthe pilot burner comprising the present invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view talren through the combustion vessel and its associated air distributor and disclosing the operating position of the pilot burner in connection therewith;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken through the pilot burner and associated parts.

Referring more particularly to the drawing, the numeral 1 designates an oil burner of the type adapted for installation in the heating furnaces of residences and other buildings. The burner depicted is shown as comprising a vaporizing or combustion vessel 2. This vessel consists of a circular cast iron structure having abottom 3 and an open top. The circular side wall 4 of the vessel is provided adjacent to its upperand outer end with an annular flange 5, which is seated upon a corresponding flange 6, formed with the upper portion of a supporting casing 7. This casing is connected by means of a conduit 8 with a source of forced air supply (not shown) such as a motor driven fan. a

The bottom of the vessel 2 is spaced from the bottom of the casing 7 as shown in Fig. 2, and air entering the casing passes upwardly through an upstanding sleeve 9 formed axially and centrally in connection with the bottom wall 3 of said vessel. Removably positioned in the upper portion of the sleeve 9 is a riser or air distributor 10 which is formed with an open bottom and a closed top. The air distributor is provided with two or more vertically spaced circular heads 11, which are provided with a plurality of ports by which streams or jets of air are directed outwardly and radially from the air distributor to combine with the vaporized oil released from the bottom of the vessel 2, whereby to produce the main combustible mixture. A secondary body of air is supplied to this mixture by providing the flange 5 with a plurality of up wardly and inwardly inclined ports 12, which latter direct streams'of air into the primary combustible mixture produced in the vessel to effect substantially smokeless combustion of the carburetted fuel together with a minimum of carbon formation. While the oil burner is preferably of the construction shown and described, nevertheless it will be understood that the present invention, which is directed to a gas burning pilot, is not necessarily limited for use in connection therewith, and the oil burning mechanism thus set forth has been selected primarily for purposes of facilitating an understanding of the invention and its manner of use and practical adaptation.

An oil supply pipe line is shown at 13 and leads from a source of oil supply (not shown),

- the flow of oil through the pipe being regulated preferably by any suitable automatic means, not illustrated, by which oil is delivered through the line 13 either under gravity or pressure in regulated quantities and in periods of intermittent flow. Such oil control mechanism has been disclosed in my copending application filed Oct. 18, 1930, Serial No. 489,635, and inasmuch as it "does not constitute a part of the present invention, an illustration thereof is not here deemed necessary.

'The oil is delivered to the bottom of the vessel 2 to produce a relatively thin film or body of an extended surface permitting of the free vaporization of the oil when the burner isin operation. When the oil burner is inactive, oil flow to the vessel is arrested so that during idle periods, no substantial, guantities of oil are maintained in the vessel.

11 fact, the operation of the gas pilot is such as to efiect combustion of the remaining traces of oil following the discontinuan 3 of oil. flow to the vessel.

The pilot burner consists of a tube 14 having a substantially horizontal portion arranged within the lower part of the distribu- ,tor 10 and passing through an opening 15 in the wall of said distributor. That portion of the tube which projects beyond the wall of the distributor is directed downwardly at a wide angle to the horizontal and terminates in a position slightly above the bottom 3 of the vessel 2. The inner end of the horizontal portion of the tube is threaded into an elbow fitting 16, and the opposite threaded end of this fitting receives the reduced upper threadtributor 10, and the threading of the elbow fitting 16 on the upper end of the mixer draws this shoulder into firm engagement with the under side of the strap 19,- as well as maintaining the fitting 16 in firm frictional co'ntact with the upper surface of the strap 19. By this construction, it will be seen that the mixer, the elbow fitting 16 and the tube 14 are unitarily connected with the air distributor and are movable bodily in unison therewithso that when the distributor is removed from its connection with the sleeve 9, the pilot burner parts connected therewith are likewise removed.

The mixer is provided with a vertical orifice 20 which terminates in a large bore 21, and loosely positioned within this bore and slightly spaced from the walls thereof is a tip fitting 22, which is also provided with an orifice 23 arranged in vertical registration but spaced from the orifice 20. The fitting 22 is positioned upon a strap 24 secured to the under side of the bottom 3, and the bottom of the fitting 22 includes an integral threaded projection 25, loosely positioned in and projecting through an opening formed centrally in the strap 24. The lower portion of this projection 25 is connected with an elbow 26, to which is connected a gas supply pipe 27, leading from a suitable source of gas supply. The gas supply line may be provided with a suitable valve (not shown) for regulating gas flow through the line and to the pilot burner.

Gas flows through the line 27 under ordinary main pressure and'passes at high velocity through the restricted orifice 23 and hence through the somewhat larger orifice 20 formed in the mixer 18. This operation draws air from the'atmosphere into the mixer by way of the channel provided between the spaced walls of the tip fitting 22 and the inner walls forming the lower portion of the mixer so that the air is added to the gas stream, producing a highly combustible mixture of the Bunsen type. This carburetted mixture. then passes through the fitting 16 and through the tube 14' and combustion thereof takes place at the outer end of the tube. This operation should normally produce a blue colored pilot flame of high temperature and of a sustained unfluctuating character. The bottom of the vessel 2 may be provided with mineral wool or the like upon which. the pilot flame is directed, as indicated at 28, which protects the bottom of the vessel and in a wick like manner operates ered to the vessel.

From the foregoing, it will be seen that the present invention provides a pilot burner for oil burning apparatus which is of simple and eflicient construction and may be placed in the combustion chamber of oil burning apparatus of the character referred to'in a compact out of the way manner to avoid obstructing or interfering with the operation of such apparatus. In the event that it is desired to service or clean the vessel 2, or the distributor, the said distributor may be removed from the vessel carrying the upper portion of the pilot burner therewith. This afiords complete accessibility to the combustion chamber of the vessel, providing for the ready removal of carbon or other deposited operation obstructing matter.

What is claimed is:

1. In oil burning apparatus, a combustion registering sections, one of said sections being carried by said distributor and the other by said vessel, said pilot terminating in a downwardly and an'gularly directed extension which projects from said distributor and terminates in spaced relationship from the bottom wall of said vessel.

6. In oil burning apparatus, a combustion vessel having a bottom wall, a side wall and ,an open top, said bottom wall being provided substantially centrally thereof with an upstanding sleeve, a vertical air distributor arrangedwithin said vessel and having its lower end removably received within the upper portion of said sleeve, a gas burning pilot comprising a stationary section carried by said vessel and disposed within said sleeve, and a removable section carried by said distributor, said sections being provided with spaced separable interfittin portions, means for delivering a gaseous uel to the pilot, the spacing of said sections providing a passage for admitting of the introduction of air into the gaseous fuel passing through the sections of said pilot.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

AUGUSTUS J. FRAME.

2. In oil burning apparatus, an oil re- I ceiving vessel, a separable air distributor mounted on said vessel, and a pilot burner formed to include registering separable sections, one of said sections being mounted on said distributor and the other of said sections being carried by said vessel.

3. In oil burning apparatus, a combustion vessel, a vertical air distributor arranged within said vessel and having its lower end separably connected therewith, a pilot burner comprising interfitting separable sections, one of said sections being connected with said distributor and the other of said sections with said vessel, and means admitting of the admixture of air with a gaseous fuel passing through said burner sections.

4. In oil burning apparatus, a combustion vessel having a bearing sleeve formed centrally thereof, an air distributor positioned vertically within said vessel and having its lower end removably positioned in said sleeve, a pilot burner comprising a pair of interfitting separable ,sections, one of said sections being mounted on said distributorand the other of said sections on said vessel, means for supplying a gaseous fuel to said burner sections, and means admitting of the commingling of air with the gaseous fuel passing through said burner sections.

5. In oil burning apparatus, a combustion vessel provided with a bearing, a distributor arranged vertically in said vessel and having the lower portion thereof removably received within said bearing, and a Bunsen type gas burning pilot comprising separable

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