US1858363A

US1858363A - Steam boiler and superheater

Info

Publication number: US1858363A
Application number: US338111A
Authority: US
Inventors: Howard J Kerr
Original assignee: Babcock and Wilcox Co
Current assignee: Babcock and Wilcox Co
Priority date: 1929-02-07
Filing date: 1929-02-07
Publication date: 1932-05-17
Anticipated expiration: 1949-05-17

Description

May 17, 1932. H. J. KRR v1,858,363

STEAM BOILER AND SUPEHHEATER Filed Feb. 7, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet l V i am Fgff ATTORNEY s May 17, 1932.

H`. J. KERR STEAM BOILER AND SUPERHEATER Filed Feb. 7, 1929 3 She'ets-heet 2 NVENTOR My@ 752m/ BY Mav 17, 1932. H L KERR 1,858,363

- STEAM BOILR AND SUPERHEATER Filed Feb. '7, 1929 's sheets-sheet s m INVENRM UNITED STATES PATENT f Patented May 17, 1932 oFF-ice. L

Y. HOWARD J, Kenn, or Wnsrr'mrn, NEW JERSEY, AssIGNoR To Tnn -nABoooK e Wincor:

COMPANY, or BAYONNE, NEW JERSEY, A ConroRA'rToN or NEW JERSEY l vSTEAM BOILER AND SUPERHEATER Application-filed February?, 1929, -Serial No. $8,111.

My invention is particularly useful in con-` nection with a steamV boiler having spaced banks of inclined water tubes with a superheater located between the two banks, though it will be understood that my invention is not limited to this position of the superheater.

My invention will best be understood by reference to the accompanyingdrawings, in

which I have illustrated certain embodiments thereof, and in which Fig. 1 is a vertical seca sectional elevation taken on the line `5*-5 of Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation taken Qn-the line 6-6 of Fig. 4, and Fig. 7 is a sectional eleifation taken on the line7-'7 ofv comprising upper and lower spaced banks of- 'water tubes 11 and 12, certain of the tubes in thevmiddle portion of each bank being omit-l ted in the drawings.' Thetubes of the two banks are connected atvone end to the. downtake headers indicated generally at 13, and

comprising an upper nest of headers 131 to which the tubes of the bank 11 are connected at one end and a lower nest 13 2 to which the tubesof the lower bank 12 are connected at one end. The headers 131 and 132 are connected together by nipples 14, and the upper ends of the headers 131 are connected to the steam andjwater druinby nipples 15. Y

Similarly, the opposite .ends ofthe tubes ,L 1l` and 12 are connected t'oheaders indicated generally at 16the tubes of thebank 11 being connected to upper headers 161, and the tubes of the lower bank12 being connected to Alower headers 162 the two sets of headers 9 vbeing,connected together by tubes 17, and

theupperhaders .16.1 being connected to the steam and Water drum by return tubes 18. Preferably, two adjacent nipples, which connect'the upperand lower nests of headers, are bent awayl from each other as at 141 (see Fig. 2). In the embodiment illustrated, the nipples so bent are located at the downtake` end of the boiler. l l

Steam is supplied to the superheater, which is indicated generally at .19, through a plurality ofvsteam outlet pipes 20 which are connected at one end to the steam and water drum, and spaced-therealong preferably atvthe topcenter line thereof, as .best y shown in Fig. 1. In the embodiment illustrated, the tubes 20 are arranged in a plurality of groups, here shown as four in number, which supply steainto a corresponding number of. sections ofthe superheater. The steam outlet pipes 20 pass downwardly alongside vof the drum, pass through the front casing ini-l mediately beneath the drum asillustrated in Fig. 1', and then pass downwardly in front of the headers l13 and between the headers and,

the front, casing. The outlet pipes 2O` are preferably vprovided with removable flanged sections 21 opposite'the upper' bank of tubes to permit thewithdrawal or cleaning of the boiler ytubes in the upper bank or deck from the'downtalce end of the boiler when necessary. The steam supply tubes are located far enough away fromv the downtake headersto permitthe .removal of the handhole plates thereof (not illustrated). f Y

vThe steam outlet pipes 2O arebent at their lower ends, as-at 22, the pipes of a given group preferably beingbent into the same vertical plane as illustratedin Fig, 2, and the bent o portions extending lbetween the bent nipples lllvinto the space between the upper and lower` banks ofl tubes, the bent ends of the tubes preferably being parallel, as at 23, as. illustrated in Fig, 1.` l

The end of each of thepipes 23 is connected to a branched fitting 24,' as best shown. in Fig. 3, and a plurality of superheater tubes 2.5, here illustrated as four A,in number, are connected to each branch as by expanding and weldingtheir ends into openings inI the fiting. The superheater tubes are preferably f'f' iii.

U-shaped in form, as best shown in Fig. 3, and each section preferably comprises a plurality of loops. The opposite ends of the superheater tubes are connected to other fittings 26 which are, in turn, connected by curved tubes 27 to similar fittings at the left thereof, and one'end of the next group of U-shaped tubes of a given section are connected thereto. The extreme ends of the tubes of a givenl section are preferably "connected to a fittin 241 which is the same as or similar to the tting 24, and these fittings are., in turn, connected by tubes 242 to a header or headers 28. In the embodiment of`V my invention illustrated, one header is illustrated at the left-hand end of the boiler as viewed in Fig. 3, and a similar header, not illustrated, would be located at-the righthand end thereof. In the embodiment illustrated, one of the headers 28 serves two sections of the superheater, while the-header at the other end of the :boiler-would serve the other two sections thereof. The outlet of the headerv is indicated at 29; l

In the embodiment of my invention illustrated in Figs. l and 2, the end-of the superheater adjacent to the fittings 24 is supported Y by suspension members 30, preferably in the form of rods, which are'clampedor otherwise secured to the lower row of tubes of the upper bank as at 31, though it will, of course, be

understood that it could be 'supported by a plate or plates surrounding theboiler tubes 11 of the upper bank. The rods or bars 30 preferably extend between the superheater tubes 25 to the lower side of the superheater, and may be secured to a bar 32 as shown, on which in turn is supported a bafiie 33 which may be made up of va plurality of plates (see Fig. 3) provided with openings the walls surrounding which engage the ends of the superheater tubes adjacent vtothe fittings 24.

A baffle 34 extends upwardly across theY tubes of-the'upper bank'll, a plate or fitting 35 being interposed between the lower end of this baffle and the plate 33 which extends across the superheater` tubes and forming Ia seal therebetween. This bafiie comprises a flame plate 341 fitted around the tubes of the upper bank, and tiles 342 are supported by said plate.y The ends of the superheat-er tubes adjacent to 4the fittings are'thus supported by all of the tubes of the upper` bank through the suspension members 30 to the tubes of the lower row of the upper bank, and through the flame plate 341 to the remaining tubes thereof.

The combustion chamber is illustrated atl 36 beneath the lower bank of tubes which are preferably exposed for substantially 1their entire length to the radiant heat of the furthe superheatertubes and over the first pass of the tubes of the upper bank, then downwardly over the second pass ofthe upper bank and upwardly. to an Voutlet flue.

The outlet headers 28 are preferably anchored to the upper row of tubes of the lower bank 12, as at 41, and the straight pipes 23 are preferably anchored against the nipples 14 by suitable clamping or other members, asiat .42. The free ends of the U- tubes of the superheater are supported by a pierf43 which extends across and is supported by the upper row of tubes 12 of the lower bank. plate 431fhaving a flange to which is secured a plate 432 extending downwardly across and surrounding some of the tubes 12 of the lower bank. therefore, is` supported from the boiler tubes of the upper bank. while the opposite end'Y thereof is supportedffrom boiler tubes of the lower bank. Longitudinal'movement ofthe superheater is prevented by the lanchoring members" 41 and 42. The sections can be replaced by disconnecting the tube and branch fittings, raising them above the other sections and passing 4them out through a door in the side wall A(not illustrated). `In the embodiment of my invention'illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3, no ycommon steam inlet header for the superheater-isprovided,I an equal distribution of the vsteam from' the steam and water drum to the various tubes of the superheater being provided b v means of the branched fittings. While I have illustrated .each Vfitting as comprising a single branch, it will, of course, be understood that thesev branches could themselves be subdi common' main by means of fittingsof thev same or-similar character as those bywhich steam isl led to the superheater, it only being necessary to multiply the number of such fit-v tings connected in series parallel relation.

All of the' superheater tubes are preferably of the same diameter, as illustrated. 1 j

j In the embodiment ofmy invention illustrated in Figs. 4 to 7, the steam boiler may be ofthe samev general character as that illus-V trated in Figs. 1 to 3,v the same comprising upperV and lower banks of tubes 11 and 12 which are shown in only a fragmentary man- This pier preferably comprises a" loo ner, and which are connected to downtake g l and uptake-headers which may, .in turn,':be

connected to a steam andwater-drumin the` same manner as illustrated in'Figs. 1 toz3'.

Instead `of conducting the steam from; ythev To each of the fittings 26a are connected' a plurality of superheater tubes 25,a having reverse bends, as at 45, toform-loops 46, the tubes being spaced byk spacing plates 25". Both the loops ,46 and the straight portions of the tubes extending from the fittingsv are preferably substantially parallel tothe boiler tubes and to each other as illustrated. Thel other ends of the superheater tubes are similarly connected to outlet fittings 261a which are, in turn, connected by pipes 47 to the outlet header 28a.

Bot-h the inlet header 44 and the outlet header 28 are preferably supported on saddles 48 which are, in turn, supported on tubes 12 of the lower bank.

In the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 4, both ends of the superheater tubes are preferably suspended from the tubes of the upper bank by

suspension members

49 and 50 which may be arranged in a manner similar to the suspension members shown in Fig. l.

I claim:

l. In combination, a steam boiler comprising a steam and water drum, two spaced banks of water tubes connected at one end to compartments connected by nipples, two adjacent nipples being bent away from each other, a plurality of outlet steam pipes connected to the steam space of said steam and water drum and extending between said bent nipples into the space between said banks of tubes, fittings to which said pipes are connected, and superheater tubes located between said banks of boiler tubes Vand connected at one end to said fittings.

2. In combination, a steam boiler comprising a steam and water drum, two spaced banks of inclined water tubes connected at their ends to vertically spaced nests of downtake and uptake headers connected by nipples, two adjacent nipples at one end of the boiler being bent away from each other, a plurality of outlet steam pipes connected to the steam space of said steam and water drum and extending downwardly there- `from, said tubes being bent at different levels into the same Vertical plane and extending between said bent nipples into the space between said banks of tubes, fittings to which said pipes are connected, and superheater tubes located between said banks of boiler tubes and vconnected at one .end to said fit# tings. a

3.-.In combination, a ste-am boiler comprising a steam and water drum, two spaced banks of inolinedi-watervtubes connected at theirtends to vertically spaced nests of downtake and .uptake headers connected bynipples,t'wo adjacent nipples at the downtake end of the boiler being bent away from each other, a plurality of outlet steam pipes connected to the steam space. of said steam and water drum. andA extendingl downwardly therefroimsaid pipes being bent at different levels .into the same ,vertical plane and .extending between said bent nipples into lthe space between said banks of tubes, fittings to which said pipes-are connected, and superheater tubesglocated between said banks of tubes and .connected at lone end to said fittings.- s

4.- Incombination, a steam-boiler comprising a steam'jand water drum, two spaced banks of inclinedl water tubes-connectedat their ends to verticallyspaced nests of downtake and. uptake headers connectedV by nipples, two adjacent nipples at one end ofthe boiler being bent away from each other, `a plurality of-outlet steam pipes connected to the steamspace of said steam and waterdrum and extending, downwardly therefrom, said pipes being' bent at different levels into the same vertical plane and extending between said bent nipples into the space between said banks of tubes, lbranched fittings to which said .pipes arel connected, and -superheater tubes located between said banks of boiler tubes i,andvconnected at `one end to the branchesof said-fittings. Y Y Y .5. In combination, a steam boiler comprising a steam and water drum, two spaced banks of inclinedwater tubes connected at their ends to verticallyspaced nests of downtake and vuptake headers connected by nipples, two adjacent nipplesrat the downtake end of said boiler lbeing bent away from each other, a plurality of outlet steam pipes connected to thev steam space of said steami and waterdrum andextending downwardly therefrom, said pipes being bent at different levels into the same vertical plane and eX- tending ,between said bent nipples, fittings to which said pipes are connected, superheater tubes-located between said banks. of -boiler tubes and connected atone end to said fittings, headers with which the other ends of saidlsupperheater tubes communicate, said outlet `steam pipes being anchored against said vnipples and said headers being anchored' tosaid lower bank of boiler tubes.

6.7I-n a steam boiler comprising a steam space, a superheater, a' plurality ofsaturated steam outlet'pipesleading from said steam Spaceto said superheater, branched fittings to which therirespective outlet pipes are connected, each branched f ittin g supplying steam` toa'plurality of sets'of superheater tubesy connected in series, the tubes supplied from the respective branches beingcconnectedfin parallel. i il f lTun a steam boiler comprising a steam space, `a super-heater, a plurality of saturated steam outlet pipes leading from said steam space to said super-heater, branched fittings to which the respective outletpipes are connected, each branched fitting supplying steam toa plurality of' lsets of super-heater tubes connected `in series, the tubes supplied from the respective branches being connected in parallel, said supeilieater tubes lying in the fourcorners of a square.

8; In aV steam boiler comprising a steam space, a superlieater, a plurality of saturated steam outlet pipes leadingfrom said steam space to said super-heater, branched fittings 1' to which the respective outlet pipesare connected,-each branched fitting supplying steam to a plurality of' sets ofsuperheater tubes connected inl series, the tubes supplied from the respective branches being connected in parallel, and a branched fitting vto the respective branches of which the opposite ends of saidv superheater tubes are connected.

9. 'In a steam boiler comprising a steam space, a superheater, a plurality of saturated steamoutlet pipes leading from said steam space to said superheater, branched fittings to which the respective outlet pipes are connected, each branched fitting supplying steamv to a plurality of sets of superheater tubes connected` inseries, the tubes ksupplied from the respective branches being connected in parallel, the' same number of tubes being connected to each branch `of' said fittings, and all of said tubes being substantially of the same diameten f 1l.' In'combination with a steam boiler having a bank of inclined steam generating i tubes, a baiile separating a high temperature gas pass and a'low temperature gas pass, a row of saturated steam supply tubes located in the lowtemperature gas pass, distributor fittings secured tothe tubes, groups of superheater tubes with' the tubes of each group having their inlet ends joined to a fitting, the superheater tubes each having its main portion formed as a flat coil of U-shaped N form, and superheated steam tubes each having a distributor fitting secured thereto and located outside the high temperature gas pass, all of the superheater tubes leading .from one of the' first fittings' having their dis-f charge ends secured to one ofthe second nien# tioned fittings. Y y

l2. In combination, a .steamboiler comprising two vertically spaced banks of inclined water tubes,y vertically1w spaced rows of uptakeand downtakeheaders connected to opposite ends Tofthe tubes of each of saidbanks', nipples'connecti'ngthe headersat eachV end of said banks, a steam and water drum connected to saidftubebanks, a'superheater comprising a plurality of horizontally spaced groups of return bend tubes arranged between said banks, and means foi-.uniformly distributing steam to said superheatertubel groups and effecting a high 'velocity flow there. through including.; connections passingbe'-' tween said water tube banks and separately' and directly connect-ingsaid superheater-tube groupsto said steam andwater drum.

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