US1852951A - Fuse of alpha specially responsive type for projectiles - Google Patents

Fuse of alpha specially responsive type for projectiles Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US1852951A
US1852951A US246793A US24679328A US1852951A US 1852951 A US1852951 A US 1852951A US 246793 A US246793 A US 246793A US 24679328 A US24679328 A US 24679328A US 1852951 A US1852951 A US 1852951A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
primer
striker
fuse
projectile
projectiles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US246793A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Auriol Louis Paul Alfred
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FR DES MUNITIONS DE CHASSE DE
Original Assignee
FR DES MUNITIONS DE CHASSE DE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FR DES MUNITIONS DE CHASSE DE filed Critical FR DES MUNITIONS DE CHASSE DE
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1852951A publication Critical patent/US1852951A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/20—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin
    • F42C15/22—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a securing-pin or latch is removed to arm the fuze, e.g. removed from the firing-pin using centrifugal force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C1/00—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
    • F42C1/02—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C1/00—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact
    • F42C1/02—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze
    • F42C1/04—Impact fuzes, i.e. fuzes actuated only by ammunition impact with firing-pin structurally combined with fuze operating by inertia of members on impact
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/24—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means
    • F42C15/26—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein the safety or arming action is effected by inertia means using centrifugal force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/28—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges operated by flow of fluent material, e.g. shot, fluids

Definitions

  • My present invention relates to fuses for artillery or aircraft projectiles, which are operated by back action or by back action and inertia, and are of a particularly responsive nature.
  • the primer is brought into contact with the striker at the time when the fuse is armed, and due to the resulting contact between the striker and the primer, before the impact takes place, I am able to construct a fuse of great sensitiveness.
  • the striker needs only move by a very small amount in order to enter the primer and cause its inflammation. I thus obviate the waste space between the striker and the primer, which is variable in the known fuses for reasons of manufacture, and such fuses will not act when the displacement of the striker is less than the said space.
  • the striker which is to be driven back when in contact with the obstacle, should be held at the front part during the trajectory, and this is effected by the use of a spring or a pin, or by the aerodynamic action of the projectile, or by like means.
  • the primer and striker are held apart by safety devices which are put out of action, when the fuse is armed, either by inertia or by centrifugal force, or by like means.
  • the primer Due to the slowing up of the projectile, the primer then moves forward by the effect of the inertia of its mass, and thus makes con tact with the striker.
  • This effect of inertia can also be increased by the use of a spring, or by employing additional masses connected with the primer.
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a fuse provided with a spring-mounted striker.
  • Fig. 2 is a like section showing a different type in which the striker is held by a transverse pin.
  • Fig. 3 represents a fuse in which the striker is subjected to an aerodynamic effect.
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional view on a larger scale showing a fuse of a particularly sensitive type provided with special fastening
  • Fig. 5 is a sectional detail of a modified construction.
  • the fuse comprises a main body 1 which may be screwed into the ogive head of the projectile and comprises a central chamber 15 containing the striker device; this latter consists of a striker pin 2 whose head 3 extends outwardly of the main body 1, the head being guided by a pin 4 secured to the body 1 and traversing the longitudinal slots 5 in the head 3.
  • the primer holder 13 is mounted the primer 12 which is optimally covered with a thin disk 14; said primer is retained by a catch 8 whose external ends or tongues 9 are in contact with a plunger sleeve 10 mounted in the central chamber of the body 1.
  • the fuse device is completed by the detonator 11, known per se.
  • a shock on the striker may displace this striker by compressing the spring 6, but the point 2 will not make contact with the primer, since the head of the striker will abut against the annular member 7.
  • the striker When the shot is fired, the striker will act by inertia to compress its spring 6, and the sleeve 10 also acts by inertia to bend out the ends 9 of the catch 8, as it recedes upon the primer holder 13.
  • the spring 6 will drive forward the striker, and the primer as well as the members 13, 8 and 10 will move forward by inertia, thus making contact with the striker point 2 whereby the motion is stopped.
  • the members 8 and 10 serve as additional masses whose inertia is added to that of the primer holder 13.
  • the striker head 3 is connected with the body of the fuse 1 by the pin 16.
  • a spiral piece 17 is placed between the head 3 and the outer end of the fuse body; the said spiral piece, which prevents the back motion of the striker during transportation, will be unwound by centrifugal action when leaving the cannon, and will thus drop off.
  • the safety device for the primer 12 differs from the preceding from the fact that the said primer is slidable in the primerholder 13 and is urged forwardly by a spr1ng 18.
  • I dispense with the additional mass, so that the said disk can be made thinner or can even be eliminated if the spring 18 is weak enough.
  • the said fuse operates only by back action, and herein the striker head 3 will shear off the pin 16 when the head strikes an obstacle.
  • the striker head 3 has the form of a concave cap whrch is pierced with apertures 19 for the admission of air, it being movable in a chamber 20 formed in the front part of the body 1.
  • the primer 12 is movable in its holder 13.
  • the safety device for the fuse acts by inertia as in the preceding case.
  • the primer w1ll make contact with the striker point 2 by the sole effect of inertia due to reduction of the speed caused by the resistance of the air.
  • the striker is moved forward by the aero-dynamic action due to air entering the chamber 20.
  • This action results from the movements of the air which takes place in the neighborhood of the point.
  • the cavity must be closed behind, or else there would be a continuous movement of air from the front to the back, which would apply the cap-shaped member in the bottom of 1ts lodging.
  • the striker During the movement of the projectile on the trajectory, the striker remains in an outward position.
  • the members surrounding the primer are always screened from the aerodynamic action because they are in a rear cavity communicating with the room of the striker by only a narrow pipe guiding the point 2.
  • the air contained in this rear cavity is in a static equilibrium with the compressed air contained under the head 3 of the striker.
  • the arming members are only subjected to the forces resulting from the rotation and the ununiform translation.
  • the said fuse operates by back action, and is of a most responsive nature, since upon meeting an obstacle, the back motion of the striker will have no resistance to overcome save what is due to the aerodynamic action.
  • Fig. 4 shows a particular embodiment of the invention whereby I am enabled to provide a device of an inexpensive nature which will have the maximum sensitiveness and also affords perfect safety in handling.
  • the cap-shaped member 3 which is secured to the striker point 2 is movable in the main body 1 of the fuse.
  • the aerodynamic action will hold it in the forward position.
  • the primer 12 is urged forwardly by the spring 25, but is held away from the striker point 2 by the fastening catches or bolts 23, these being pressed inwardly by an elastic band 24.
  • An annular recess 30 is formed in the body 1 adjacent the said bolts.
  • the member 3 forming the head of the striker consists of a pressed piece of very light metal such as aluminium, duralumin metal,
  • a central hole is formed therein for the insertion of the striker rod 2, which has simply the shape of a pin.
  • the members 2 and 3 are connected together by joining the edges 29 of the central hole with the head 28 of the pin by the upsetting process.
  • the safety device with centrifugal action formed by the bolts 23 may be completed as shown in Fig. 5 by the ring 31 which is adapted to disappear by inertia when the shot is fired. To prevent all movement of said ring during transportation, it is held by a pin 32, 1
  • the said ring may also be held by a spring which is compressed when the shot is fired.
  • safety device may consist of a pin which is torn off when the projectile drops, or of a safety device of a known type adapted for release, to which may be added a propeller aiming device, and in all cases the elements serve to hold the primer at the rear of the apparatus during transportation, and to release it when on the trajectory.
  • the positions of the primer and striker may be inverted, and herein the primer is carried by the element subjected to back action, and the striker will be placed at the rear of the fuse device together with its safety parts.
  • I may also modify the construction shown in the figures, as concerns the arrangement holding the striker at the front, and also as concerns the safety devices for the primer, the aiming parts for the same, and the means for moving forward the primer, the principal feature of the invention being the formation of a contact between the point of the striker and the primer before the impact takes place.
  • the percussion fuses of the known types may be converted into fuses according to the invention.
  • the fuses of the R. Y. or the R. Y. G. types can be arranged according to Fig. 1.
  • the arming system for the said R. Y. and R. Y. G. fuses might even be preserved. I may simply increase the length of the striker point, and increase the thickness of the disk placed upon the primer, and may also regulate the various partial lengths, or may provide a suitable longitudinal play for the primer in its recess, and in this'manner, when the projectile is upon its trajectory, the contact between the striker point and the primer disk will be assured in accordance with the invention.
  • I may further employ the known A. L. tapered fuses, adding thereto a safety device for the primer, and thus obtain a construction of the type shown in Fig. 2.
  • the known fuses of the specially responsive types may be modified according to Fig. 3, and in this event I eliminate the parts which serve to arm the striker, and employ suitable safety devices for the primer.
  • a fuse comprising a casing, a cap movable therein, a striking pin fixed to thecap and axially movable in the casing, a primer in the casing, yieldable means to urge the primer toward the striking pin, means engaged with the primer for holding the yieldable means normally inactive, the holding means being operable only after the projectile moves freely along its trajectory to release the primer, and thus the yieldable means to move the primer into yielding contact with the striking pin.
  • a fuse comprising a casing, a cap slidable in the casing, a striking pin fixed to and movable with the cap, a primer in the casing, bolts slidable transversely in the casing and having their inner ends engaged upon the primer, a spring between the primer and one end of the casing, a resilient band engaging the outer ends of the bolts to normally hold the inner ends thereof engaged on the primer and the spring under tension, said bolts being slidable in a direction to release the primer upon rotation of the projectile when it starts on its trajectory, said primer upon release being limited in its movement upon contact with the striking pin.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
US246793A 1927-01-17 1928-01-14 Fuse of alpha specially responsive type for projectiles Expired - Lifetime US1852951A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR543404X 1927-01-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1852951A true US1852951A (en) 1932-04-05

Family

ID=8931586

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US246793A Expired - Lifetime US1852951A (en) 1927-01-17 1928-01-14 Fuse of alpha specially responsive type for projectiles

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US1852951A (en, 2012)
AT (1) AT130321B (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE347722A (en, 2012)
CH (1) CH131609A (en, 2012)
DE (1) DE543404C (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR639386A (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB283854A (en, 2012)
NL (1) NL31700C (en, 2012)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2472821A (en) * 1940-08-03 1949-06-14 Raymond L Graumann Sensitive fuse
US2504163A (en) * 1946-08-22 1950-04-18 Summerbell Edith May Fuse
US2601827A (en) * 1946-12-07 1952-07-01 Fur Die Entwieklung Von Erfind Fuse
US2800080A (en) * 1945-04-28 1957-07-23 Leonard D Jackson Adapter for a bomb
US3094934A (en) * 1960-07-29 1963-06-25 William E Anthony Practice mortar shell and fuse assembly
US3289589A (en) * 1954-03-16 1966-12-06 Aaron L Hitchens Caliber .50 spotting bullets
US3782290A (en) * 1972-01-19 1974-01-01 Us Navy Ordnance arming assembly
CN102412092A (zh) * 2011-07-26 2012-04-11 国营红林机械厂 触发式电子引信短路开关

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2472821A (en) * 1940-08-03 1949-06-14 Raymond L Graumann Sensitive fuse
US2800080A (en) * 1945-04-28 1957-07-23 Leonard D Jackson Adapter for a bomb
US2504163A (en) * 1946-08-22 1950-04-18 Summerbell Edith May Fuse
US2601827A (en) * 1946-12-07 1952-07-01 Fur Die Entwieklung Von Erfind Fuse
US3289589A (en) * 1954-03-16 1966-12-06 Aaron L Hitchens Caliber .50 spotting bullets
US3094934A (en) * 1960-07-29 1963-06-25 William E Anthony Practice mortar shell and fuse assembly
US3782290A (en) * 1972-01-19 1974-01-01 Us Navy Ordnance arming assembly
CN102412092A (zh) * 2011-07-26 2012-04-11 国营红林机械厂 触发式电子引信短路开关
CN102412092B (zh) * 2011-07-26 2014-03-12 国营红林机械厂 触发式电子引信短路开关

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR639386A (fr) 1928-06-20
BE347722A (en, 2012)
DE543404C (de) 1932-02-05
AT130321B (de) 1932-11-10
GB283854A (en) 1928-11-08
CH131609A (fr) 1929-02-28
NL31700C (en, 2012)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2145507A (en) Percussion fuse for rocketprojectiles
US2595757A (en) Fuse
US2709962A (en) Mortar fuse
US1852951A (en) Fuse of alpha specially responsive type for projectiles
US2712284A (en) Delayed arming safety fuse
US2619905A (en) Impact fuse for rocket projectiles
US3118378A (en) Percussion fuze for rocket
US2845866A (en) Fuse for a projectile and applications thereof
US3491693A (en) Rifle grenade capable of being fired by conventional ammunition
US3129665A (en) Shell with plastic explosive and hollow liner
US2817295A (en) Firing pin for rocket fuze
US1418606A (en) Aerial torpedo or drop bomb
US2424970A (en) Explosive projectile
US2459175A (en) Explosive bullet
US2412967A (en) Petard missile
US2777392A (en) Striker mechanism for a fuse
US2910000A (en) Hollow charge projectile
US1690331A (en) Supersensitive fuse for drop bombs
US2472821A (en) Sensitive fuse
US1322083A (en) X a aerial torpedo
US1956222A (en) Fuse for projectiles
US2779287A (en) Contact fuze
US2358647A (en) Hand grenade
US2805623A (en) Tail fuze for an ordnance missile
US3105440A (en) Fuse