US1845461A - Process for rendering odorless soaps bleached with hypochlorous acid - Google Patents
Process for rendering odorless soaps bleached with hypochlorous acid Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1845461A US1845461A US536935A US53693531A US1845461A US 1845461 A US1845461 A US 1845461A US 536935 A US536935 A US 536935A US 53693531 A US53693531 A US 53693531A US 1845461 A US1845461 A US 1845461A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- soap
- bleached
- odor
- soaps
- excess
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 title description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 23
- QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorous acid Chemical compound ClO QWPPOHNGKGFGJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 12
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 title description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 17
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Substances [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 7
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylaniline Chemical compound CNC1=CC=CC=C1 AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypochlorite Chemical compound Cl[O-] WQYVRQLZKVEZGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005185 salting out Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001397173 Kali <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D13/00—Making of soap or soap solutions in general; Apparatus therefor
- C11D13/02—Boiling soap; Refining
- C11D13/06—Bleaching of soap or soap solutions
Definitions
- soap bleaching agents which, depend on oxidation, alkali hypochlorite. shows the best bleaching .efi'ect. That this agent has not hitherto been more extensively ap plied in the soap industry is due to the fact that the soaps treated with hypochlorous acid acquire after the bleaching a disagree- .able, very persistent odor similar to that of carbolic. Prolonged boiling, repeated salting out, steam blowing, addition of reducing agents, or the like, have not here led to the desired result; only the 'process already previously proposed by the applicant himself, i. e. directly separating out the fatty acids from the bleached soaps by addition of mineral acid, has frequently enabled the preparation of a satisfactory fatty acid free from this carbolic odor.
- the carbolic odor may be completely removed by raising the soap after bleaching to .a high temperature in a pressure vessel by leading in steam with addition of an excess of alkali.
- a pressure of 5 atmospheres is sufficient for this purpose, but frequently the odor clings so persistently to many soaps that one is compelled to raise the pressure to 8-1O atmospheres, or, in special cases, still higher.
- the pressure necessary depends on the constitution and purity of the fatty acids on the one hand and on the alkali excess of the soap on the other hand. Usually a caustic alkali excess of a few percent is sufficient.
- Alkali carbonate may also be used with equal suciii) cess, but in this case the pressure must be raised.
- the carbolic acid odor appears particularly strongly during the bleaching of coconut oil soaps, and up to now it has been impossible to remove it completely, so that hitherto one dared not bring soaps containing coconut oil into contact with hypochlorous acid.
- Ewample.10 t; of grain soap are made from about equal parts of dark ground nut oil fatty acid and waste coconut-palm kernel oil fatty acid in a vessel which is preferably lined with clay plates and provided with a good stirring mechanism. After good, if necessary repeated, salting out and removal of the lower layer of lye, bleaching is then efiected with chlorine lye in the usual way after the temperature has fallen to 6(l80 C.
- the ordinary chlorine lye which contains about g. of chlorine per litre and which is preferably somewhat diluted, is here used. If during the supply of the lye, whilst the stirring mechanism is running the soap should become too thick, some salt or even lye is added to the soap as well.
- this soap assumes an approximately white colour. It is now allowed to stand for a short time and is allowed to flow into a deep iron pressure vessel having a capacity of about 12 cbm.; about 1 3% of soda lye of 38 B. calculated on the soap or the equivalent quantity of solid soda are then added and, after closing the vessel, the whole is heated for l-5 hours by means of a current of steam streaming in, until a pressure of 8-10 atm. is reached. The chlorine bodies formed are now completely decomposed and a test portion is free from odor.
- the contents of the vessel may then be forced into another soap vessel again under their intrinsic pressure and then the soap is finished in the usual manner.
- some ammonium salt e. g. am-
- methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, or even aniline, or methylaniline etc. may also be used, provided these do not exert any detrimental effect or can be readily removed again. It may also be remarked that ammonia is used in all cases in which the odor persists so obstinately that go it (pannot be removed with soda or caustic so a.
- the process here described relates to the treatment of soaps merely with that quantity of hypochlorous acid which is necessary for producing suflicient bleaching, and not to the attachment of hypochlorous acid to the unsaturated linkages of the fatty acids contained in the soap owing to the addition of large quantities of hypochlorous acid, in which case, as is well known, the chlorine is eliminated by the action of alkali or ammonia.
- the production ofhydroxy-fatty acids or amino-fatty acids is not the purpose of the process here described, but only the production of an odorless bleached soap.
- the object here aimed at is not attained if, as has been proposed from other quarters, steam is blown through the aqueous liquid soap under pressure at temperatures of about 200 C. or above. This process can only be used when the odor is brought about by readily volatile sub- (3 stances and not substances bound to alkali.
- Process for removin theodor from soap bleached with hypoc orous acid consisting in heating the bleached soap under prtlassure with small quantities of excess al- 8.
- Process for removing the odor from oc orous acid consisting in heating the leached soap under pressure with small quantities of excess caustic alkali.
- Process for removing the odor from soap bleached with hypochlorous acid consisting in heating the bleached soap under pressure with small quantities of excess ammonium salt.
- Process for removin the odor from soa bleached with hypoc orous acid consisting in heating the bleached soap under pressure with small quantities of asubstitution product of ammonia.
- Process for removing the odor from soap bleached withhypochlorous acid consisting in heating the bleached soap under pressure with small quantities of excess alkali together with a substitution product'of ammonia.
- Process for removing the odor from soap bleached with hypochlorous acid consisting in heating the bleached soap under pressure with small quantities of excess a1- kali together with a salt of a substitution product of ammonia.
- Process for removing the odor from soap bleached with hypochlorous acid con- 130 sisting in heating the bleached soap under pressure with small quantities of excess alali together with aniline.
- Process for removing the odor from soap bleached with hypochlorous acid consistlng in heating the bleached soap under pressure with small quantities of excess alkali to ether with methyl aniline.
- rocess for removing the odor from soap bleached with hypochlorous acid consisting in heating the bleached soap under pressure with small quantities of excess alkali together with methylamine.
- Process for removing the odor from soap bleached with hy ochlorous acid consisting in heating the bleached soap under pressure with small quantities of excess alkali to ether with dimethylamine.
- firocess for removing the odor from soap bleached with hypochlorous acid consisting in heating the bleached soap under pressure with small quantities of excess alkali together with trimethylamine.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE587063T | 1930-10-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1845461A true US1845461A (en) | 1932-02-16 |
Family
ID=6321988
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US536935A Expired - Lifetime US1845461A (en) | 1930-10-31 | 1931-05-12 | Process for rendering odorless soaps bleached with hypochlorous acid |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1845461A (en(2012)) |
| BE (1) | BE381977A (en(2012)) |
| DE (1) | DE587063C (en(2012)) |
| FR (1) | FR715875A (en(2012)) |
| GB (1) | GB370649A (en(2012)) |
| NL (1) | NL28852C (en(2012)) |
-
1930
- 1930-10-31 DE DE1930587063D patent/DE587063C/de not_active Expired
-
1931
- 1931-03-30 NL NL28852D patent/NL28852C/xx active
- 1931-04-09 GB GB10529/31A patent/GB370649A/en not_active Expired
- 1931-04-22 FR FR715875D patent/FR715875A/fr not_active Expired
- 1931-05-12 US US536935A patent/US1845461A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1931-09-30 BE BE381977D patent/BE381977A/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE587063C (de) | 1933-10-12 |
| FR715875A (fr) | 1931-12-10 |
| GB370649A (en) | 1932-04-14 |
| NL28852C (en(2012)) | 1932-08-15 |
| BE381977A (en(2012)) | 1931-08-13 |
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