US1837150A - Fireproof fabric and method of making the same - Google Patents

Fireproof fabric and method of making the same Download PDF

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Publication number
US1837150A
US1837150A US21633227A US1837150A US 1837150 A US1837150 A US 1837150A US 21633227 A US21633227 A US 21633227A US 1837150 A US1837150 A US 1837150A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
cellulose
fabric
proof
flame
treatment
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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Inventor
Dreyfus Camille
Platt Herbert
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Celanese Corp
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Celanese Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Celanese Corp filed Critical Celanese Corp
Priority to US21633227 priority Critical patent/US1837150A/en
Priority to GB2307428A priority patent/GB296344A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1837150A publication Critical patent/US1837150A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/68—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof
    • D06M11/70—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof with oxides of phosphorus; with hypophosphorous, phosphorous or phosphoric acids or their salts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/47—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic System; Vanadates; Niobates; Tantalates; Arsenates; Antimonates; Bismuthates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T70/00—Locks
    • Y10T70/80—Parts, attachments, accessories and adjuncts
    • Y10T70/8432—For key-operated mechanism
    • Y10T70/8676—Key holders

Definitions

  • radiated T15, 1931 cano s) HU'UiiCWb-lh PATENT OFFICE CAMILLE DREYFUS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,
  • This invention relates to the treatment of combustible material such as yarns and fabrics. of all kinds, paper or wood, etc. but particularly to the treatment of yarns or fabrics composed in part or in whole of organic derivatives of cellulose, in order to render the same fire proof-or flame proof.
  • An object of our invention is to produce a fabric or yarn which is fire proof or flame proof.
  • I wood or fabrics of allkinds, but particularly fabrics composed in whole or in part of organic derivatives of cellulose, 'fire proof by subjecting the same to a solution containin phosphoric acid orequivalent acids.
  • This invention is 0 general application, and may be used in the renderingflame-proof or fire-proof of combustible material of all kinds, such as paper and wood, but more articularly yarns or fabrics made of all kin s of fibers such as cotton, reconstituted cotton,
  • the organic derivatives of cellulose may be "organic esters of cellulose, or'organic ethers of cellulose.
  • organic esters of cellulose are, cellulose formate, cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, and cellulose butyrate.
  • organic ethers of cellulose are methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose and benzyl cellulose. may be composed entirely of one of the above mentioned organic derivatives of cellulose or it may be composed entirely of a mixture of two or more of the above named materials.
  • the fabric may be a mixed fabric composed of a mixture of yarns madeof any of the thermoplastic or organic derivatives of cellulose above mentioned and of yarn made of other fibers.
  • the yarn to be treated may be composed of a mixture of thermoplastic or organic derivatives of cellulose filaments and of other fibers. Examples of such mixed fabrics oryarns are mixed cellulose acetate and natural silk, mixed cel- 5 lulose acetate and wool, mixed cellulose acetate and cotton, etc.
  • this invention is not limited to the treatment of pure cellulose acetate fabrics but may be apphed to any yarn or fabric as set forth above.
  • the cellulose 5 acetate fabric treated with a solution containing phosphoric acid that is adapted to decrease its combustibility.
  • a solution containing phosphoric acid that is adapted to decrease its combustibility.
  • cellulose acetate fabric is immersed in an aqueous bath containing from 50 to 150 grams of phosphoricacid per liter of solution. A bath containing 100 grams of phosphoric acid per liter of solution was found to give very satisfactory results.
  • the temperature of he bath may be anywhere between ordinary room temperature (15 C.), to 60 C., although We -have found a bath temperature of 40 C. is advantageous.
  • the treating solution . may 75
  • the bath temperature is 40 C. and the time of immersion one hour.
  • concentration of the phosphoric acid, the temperature ofthe bath and the time of treatment may be varied within the wide limits set forth in the foregoing example.
  • a salt other than thebasic aluminum acetate may used and the bath may contain 10 grams, 20 grams, grams, 40 grams, etc., of the salt.
  • articles of wood and paper may be rendered flame-proof by the use of our process.
  • Fabrics or yards of the animal orjegetable fibers such as silk, cotton, wool, linen, etc. may be flame-proofed in this manner.
  • the yarns may be subjected to the action of the flameproofing agent whilein the form of hanks, cops, bobbins, etcf
  • the material may be treated with the solution either by immersion therein or by otherwise applying the same such as by brushing, spraying, etc.
  • the flame-proofing reagent may be appliedto the tailed description is given merely by way of illustration and that many variations may be made therein without departing from the spirit of our invention.
  • a fire proof of flame proof article made of normally combustible material rendered fire proof or flame proof by the treatment with a reagent containing a phosphoric acid in a free state.
  • a flame proof textile material such as yarn and fabric, made of normall combustible material rendered fire proo or flame proof by the treatment with a reagent containing a phosphoric acid in a free state.
  • a flame proof fabric containing yarn of normally combustible material rendered fire proof by the treatment with a reagent containing a phosphoric acidrin a free state.
  • a fabric containing yarn of organic derivatives of. cellulose rendered flame proof by treatment with a solution containing phosphoric acid in a free state.
  • Method of rendering flame roof of a textile material such as yarn and abric containing normally combustible material comprising treating the same with a reagent contairing a substantial amount of a phosphoric aci 9.
  • Method of treating fabrics containing yarn of organic derivatives of cellulose comprising treating the same with a solution containing a'phosphoric acid in a free state.
  • Method oftreating fabrics containing yarn of cellulose acetate comprising treating the same with a solution containing a phosv phoric acid in a'free state.

Description

radiated T15, 1931 cano s) HU'UiiCWb-lh PATENT OFFICE CAMILLE DREYFUS, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,
AND HERBERT PLATT, OF CUMBERLAND,
, MARYLAND, ASSIGNORS TO GELANESE CORPORATION OF AMERICA, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE rmnrnoor Fume AND mnrnonor MAKING THE No Drawing.
This invention relates to the treatment of combustible material such as yarns and fabrics. of all kinds, paper or wood, etc. but particularly to the treatment of yarns or fabrics composed in part or in whole of organic derivatives of cellulose, in order to render the same fire proof-or flame proof.
An object of our invention is to produce a fabric or yarn which is fire proof or flame proof.
Afurther object of our inventlon 1s to render combustible material such as paper,
I wood or fabrics of allkinds, but particularly fabrics composed in whole or in part of organic derivatives of cellulose, 'fire proof by subjecting the same to a solution containin phosphoric acid orequivalent acids.
Further objects of our invention will appear from the followin detailed description.
This invention is 0 general application, and may be used in the renderingflame-proof or fire-proof of combustible material of all kinds, such as paper and wood, but more articularly yarns or fabrics made of all kin s of fibers such as cotton, reconstituted cotton,
natural silk and derivatives of cellulose. However, 1n the treatment 1n accordance with our invention of yarns or fabrlcs made of or ganic derivatives of cellulose, such great en hancement of fire-proof or flameroof qualities are attained, that we shall escribe our invention with respect to the treatment of such fabrics or yarns.
The organic derivatives of cellulose may be "organic esters of cellulose, or'organic ethers of cellulose. Examples of organic esters of cellulose are, cellulose formate, cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, and cellulose butyrate. Examples of organic ethers of cellulose are methyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose and benzyl cellulose. may be composed entirely of one of the above mentioned organic derivatives of cellulose or it may be composed entirely of a mixture of two or more of the above named materials.
The fabric or yarn treated Application filed August 29, 1927., Serial No. 216,332
Further, the fabric may be a mixed fabric composed of a mixture of yarns madeof any of the thermoplastic or organic derivatives of cellulose above mentioned and of yarn made of other fibers. Likewise, the yarn to be treated may be composed of a mixture of thermoplastic or organic derivatives of cellulose filaments and of other fibers. Examples of such mixed fabrics oryarns are mixed cellulose acetate and natural silk, mixed cel- 5 lulose acetate and wool, mixed cellulose acetate and cotton, etc.
In the interest of brevity, a detailed descrlption will be given with respect to a fabric composed entirely of cellulose acetate. 00
However, it is to be understood that this invention is not limited to the treatment of pure cellulose acetate fabrics but may be apphed to any yarn or fabric as set forth above.
According to our invention, the cellulose 5 acetate fabric treated with a solution containing phosphoric acid that is adapted to decrease its combustibility. We have found for instance the ordinary phosphoric acid forinstance the ordinary phosphoric acid In\ one mode of carrying out our invention,
cellulose acetate fabric is immersed in an aqueous bath containing from 50 to 150 grams of phosphoricacid per liter of solution. A bath containing 100 grams of phosphoric acid per liter of solution was found to give very satisfactory results.
The temperature of he bath may be anywhere between ordinary room temperature (15 C.), to 60 C., although We -have found a bath temperature of 40 C. is advantageous.
Moreover, the treating solution .may 75 The bath temperature is 40 C. and the time of immersion one hour. Obviously the concentration of the phosphoric acid, the temperature ofthe bath and the time of treatment may be varied within the wide limits set forth in the foregoing example. Likewise a salt other than thebasic aluminum acetate may used and the bath may contain 10 grams, 20 grams, grams, 40 grams, etc., of the salt.
This treatment of a cellulose acetate fabric results in a remarkable enhancement of its fire resistant properties. The cellulose aceta-te fabric treated in accordance with our invention will not flame. Thus when such fabric is heated to above the i ition point of untreated cellulose acetate fabric by the application, for instance, of a naked flame, I the fabric will not flame,the material simply melting without bursting into flame. The
results obtained by the treatment in accordance with the foregoing process are quite surprising, in thatthe fact that the use of an acid such as phosphoric acid gives these excellent results, is quite unexpected, Moreover, the fabric, after treatment witli'ifihe fire proofin agent, retains its original excellent han 1e and 'fine appearance, whereas with the old methods of fire proofing either the appearance of the fabric is altered or the fabric is stiffened materially. Apparently, the phosphoric acid combines with the fabric and even after drastic washing of a fabric treated in accordance with our invention, the flame-proof properties of the fabric is not materlally diminished.
As was stated before, other combustible materials can be treated in accordance with our invention. Thus articles of wood and paper may be rendered flame-proof by the use of our process. Fabrics or yards of the animal orjegetable fibers such as silk, cotton, wool, linen, etc. may be flame-proofed in this manner. In the treatment of yarns, the yarns may be subjected to the action of the flameproofing agent whilein the form of hanks, cops, bobbins, etcf The material may be treated with the solution either by immersion therein or by otherwise applying the same such as by brushing, spraying, etc. Also the flame-proofing reagent may be appliedto the tailed description is given merely by way of illustration and that many variations may be made therein without departing from the spirit of our invention.
Having descr1bed our invention what we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
1. A fire proof of flame proof article made of normally combustible material rendered fire proof or flame proof by the treatment with a reagent containing a phosphoric acid in a free state.
2; A flame proof textile material such as yarn and fabric, made of normall combustible material rendered fire proo or flame proof by the treatment with a reagent containing a phosphoric acid in a free state.
'3. A flame proof fabric containing yarn of normally combustible material rendered fire proof by the treatment with a reagent containing a phosphoric acidrin a free state.
4. A fabric containing yarn of organic derivatives of. cellulose rendered flame proof by treatment with a solution containing phosphoric acid in a free state.
5. A fabric containing yarn' of cellulose acetate rendered flame proof by treatment with a solution containing a substantial amount of phosphoric acid.
-6. A fabric containing yarn of cellulose acetate rendered flame proof by treatment with a solution containing a substantial anliount of phosphoric acid and an inorganic sa t.
7. The method of rendering flame proof or fire proof of articles containing normally combustible material comprising treating the same with a reagent containing a phosphoric acid in a free state.
8. Method of rendering flame roof of a textile material such as yarn and abric containing normally combustible material comprising treating the same with a reagent contairing a substantial amount of a phosphoric aci 9. Method of treating fabrics containing yarn of organic derivatives of cellulose comprising treating the same with a solution containing a'phosphoric acid in a free state.
10. Method oftreating fabrics containing yarn of cellulose acetate comprising treating the same with a solution containing a phosv phoric acid in a'free state.
11. Method of treating fabrics containing yarn of cellulose acetate comprising treating the same with a solution containing the phos- I phoric acid aP ln as material to be tre ted in the form of a paste Methmi. "eating fabrics nmining 130 THAllllhEMT a cases or TEX-tats vluvvv lflkl hillbi luh "act: a
, 5 of approximately C. and for a period of approximately 15 minutes.
In testimony whereof, we have hereunto subscribed our names.
OAMILLE DREYFUS. HERBERT PLATT.
CERTIFICATE OF coRREcTIoNt Patent No. 1,837,150. Granted Decemberl5, 1931, to
CAMYILVLE muarru's ET t.
It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiringjcorrection as follows: Page 1, line 69, strike out the words "for instance the ordinary" and-insert the wordsthat an aqueous solution of a; page 2, line 80, claim 1, vfor "of" read or; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same.. may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.
Signed and sealed this 9th day of'February, a. D. 1932.
M. J. Moore,
(Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents.
Wlllllllllltlil.
US21633227 1927-08-29 1927-08-29 Fireproof fabric and method of making the same Expired - Lifetime US1837150A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US21633227 US1837150A (en) 1927-08-29 1927-08-29 Fireproof fabric and method of making the same
GB2307428A GB296344A (en) 1927-08-29 1928-08-10 Improvements in or relating to the treatment of fabrics or other materials or articles made from combustible material

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2580608A (en) * 1946-04-25 1952-01-01 Ecusta Paper Corp Forming cigarette paper
US2610338A (en) * 1947-03-10 1952-09-16 Perfection Mattress & Spring C Protective fire resistant covering for matteresses
US2754207A (en) * 1951-08-30 1956-07-10 Ecusta Paper Corp Process of improving paper formation
US3159503A (en) * 1961-10-19 1964-12-01 Koppers Co Inc Method of imparting fire retardance to wood and the resulting product
FR2174208A1 (en) * 1972-03-01 1973-10-12 Hooker Chemical Corp
US3900327A (en) * 1973-10-12 1975-08-19 Hooker Chemicals Plastics Corp Flame retardant cellulosic materials
US3900664A (en) * 1973-03-02 1975-08-19 Hooker Chemicals Plastics Corp Flame proofing of fabrics
US4063884A (en) * 1974-11-25 1977-12-20 Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corporation Durably flame proofed textile materials
US4111647A (en) * 1977-08-01 1978-09-05 Coats & Clark, Inc. Method for making fire retardant zipper
US4430765A (en) * 1981-04-10 1984-02-14 King Karpen Flame retardant mattress
US20150147478A1 (en) * 2013-11-25 2015-05-28 Nature Tech Llc Fire-Resistant Cellulose Material

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE792125A (en) * 1971-12-27 1973-03-16 Petrow Henry G ANTIMONY OXIDE COLLOIDAL SOL, ITS PREPARATION PROCESS AND ITS USE

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2580608A (en) * 1946-04-25 1952-01-01 Ecusta Paper Corp Forming cigarette paper
US2610338A (en) * 1947-03-10 1952-09-16 Perfection Mattress & Spring C Protective fire resistant covering for matteresses
US2754207A (en) * 1951-08-30 1956-07-10 Ecusta Paper Corp Process of improving paper formation
US3159503A (en) * 1961-10-19 1964-12-01 Koppers Co Inc Method of imparting fire retardance to wood and the resulting product
FR2174208A1 (en) * 1972-03-01 1973-10-12 Hooker Chemical Corp
US3900664A (en) * 1973-03-02 1975-08-19 Hooker Chemicals Plastics Corp Flame proofing of fabrics
US3900327A (en) * 1973-10-12 1975-08-19 Hooker Chemicals Plastics Corp Flame retardant cellulosic materials
US4063884A (en) * 1974-11-25 1977-12-20 Hooker Chemicals & Plastics Corporation Durably flame proofed textile materials
US4111647A (en) * 1977-08-01 1978-09-05 Coats & Clark, Inc. Method for making fire retardant zipper
US4430765A (en) * 1981-04-10 1984-02-14 King Karpen Flame retardant mattress
US20150147478A1 (en) * 2013-11-25 2015-05-28 Nature Tech Llc Fire-Resistant Cellulose Material

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Publication number Publication date
GB296344A (en) 1929-02-07

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