US1828330A - Firearm - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 20, 1931. c. c. Loomis 1,828,330

FIREARM Filed Oct. 24. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheer. l

2l .39 46 Q 54 44 l5 ('33 24 50 20 l l "gr 2 IN V EN TOR.

Crawvrd @.[oms ET? t 3 31% Mai( 2( {MRA/Ew.

Oct. 20, 1931. c. c. LooMls 1,828,330

FIREARM Filed Oct. 24, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. Crawford Lamme? Patented Oct. Z0, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

CRAWFORD C. LOOM'IS, 0F ILION, NEW`YORK, .ASSIG-NOR TO REMINGTON ARMS COM- PANY, INC., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE FIREARM Application led October 24, 1929. Serial No. 402,008.

The present invention relates to magazine firearms wherein a movable breech block is utilized in the operation of inserting a fresh cartridge in the barrel chamber and in extracting a fired shell from the chamber and in ejecting the same from the receiver.

The invention pertains to improvements in the extractor and ejector mechanism for such firearms and contemplates such mechanism that will be reliable in its operation whether the action be operated slowly or with ordinary speed or with extreme rap-idity.

It is an object to provide devices operable to e'ect a forceful and controlled ejection when the firearm action is manipulated slowly or with ordinary speed and further devices operable during manipulations of greater or extreme rapidity to insure an equally dependable ejection under the latter manipulations.

It is a further object to provide the breech block with an extractor claw which is sufficiently yieldable to accommodate cartridge J shell rims of varying thicknesses.

A further object lies in the provision of an improved ejector mechanism, a portion of which is located at thel forwardface ofv the breech block and is adapted to serve in the additional capacity of contacting the shell base and preventing engagement of the extractor device with the cartridge shell rim While the breech block is urging the 5 cartridge into thev barrel' chamber, thereby enabling the user on changing his mind to remove a cartridge which has beenv partial' ly inserted in the barrel. chamber without the annoyance and difficulty of working the rim loose from the extractor claw.

These and further objects are attained by the novel construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification.

- In the drawings:

Figure. 1 is a fragmentary 'longitudinal section in elevation of a firearm embodying 5 locked and the extractor-device in engagement with the shell rim ready to withdraw the shell from the chamber.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary longitudinal section in elevation showing the breech block retracted to a point where shell ejection is about to take place.

Figure 3 is a planvview of the receiver, the top wall being removed to show a portion of the interior mechanism.

Figure 4 is a transverse section taken subl Figure 7 is a plan view of the extractor ofV Figure 6. Y

Figure 8 is a side view in elevation partially broken awayV showing a further modified form of extractor.

Figure 9 is a'plan view of the extractor of Figure 8.

Figure 10 is a side view in elevation of a still further modified form of extractor.

Figure 11 is a view of the extractor of Figure 10 taken substantially along the line 11-11 of that gure.

Figure 12 is a longitudinal section in plan of a receiver illustrating a manner lin which the novel extractor device of the present invention may be utilized in a firearm of the side ejection type. v

For purposes of illustration I have shown the preferred form of my invention as embodied in a firearm of the general type disclosed in the patents to J. D. Pedersen,iNo. 719,955, February 3, 1903, and J. D. Pedersen, No. 789,932, May 16, 1905. The present invention may be considered as constituting certain improvements over the devices of my co-pending application for firearms, Serial No. 312,960, filed October 17, 1928. Although I have shown and described my invention as applied to a firearm of a certain well known type, it is to be understood, as will be apparent from the following description, that the devices of my invention are broadly applicable to firearms of many types.

Referring to Figures 1 to 4 of the draw ings, the numeral 2O designates a receiver closed at the top and sides and open at the bottom forshell ejection. A barrel 21 is secured at'the upper forward portionfof the receiver and ari-opening 22Aleading to aflt'ubu lar magazine is provided below the barrelin.

the usual manner. A. carrierl 23 eects trans fer of cartridffcs'from' the magazine to a position to the rear of the Vbarrel chamber and a longitudinally movable breech block .24;

serves to urge each cartridge from this position into the barrel chamber in a manner well known. The breech block carries a firm g pin 25, spring pressed forwardly by spring-*251v and housed centrally within a recess in theI breech block. The tiring/pin terminates at its rear end in a cooking -head 2b, vwhich-is integral withthe tiring pin; Cooking and tiring mechanisms are provided, together with atrigger 27, a l operating in al'nown manner. i

YThe movement of the breech bloclr 24 andy operation of the action is effected by-a recipro eating ,movement of a forearm (not shown)r having a rearwardly extending action .bar (not shown) projecting into the receiver and formed at Vits rear end with alug 28V which rides in a cam groove 29 in the sideof the breech block. In the position of the parts as shown in'Figure 1 the forearm and action bar have been started rearwardly and by the cam ming action of-lug 28 in groove 29 therearend of the breech block is seen to have dropped donn somewhatV away from its breech locking position behind shoulder 30'and is ready for rearward movement inthe receiver. In Figure 2 the breech block is seen to'have been moved to a positionnear the endofits' rearward movement,a fired shell having been extracted from the barrelcha'mber and being now in a position where the ejecting mechaf nisin is about to operate to eject theshell through the opening at the bottom of the receiver. Forfurther description of a Virearm of this type reference may be had to the above-nientioned patents;

I ln my co-pending application, Serial Nob 312,960, there is disclosed, a novel extractor Y device carried bythe breech block which'is suitably recessed to accommodate'this fdeyice.V The extractor device ofthe presentinven tion is'in general similar to the extractor device of my co-pendno" application, but the present invention contemplates several chan and improvements over the priorde.

vice, enabling it to perform additional Afunctions and general iin iioving Yits operation,

The preferred form of extractor device ofV the present .inventioniis shown in Figures 1V to 5, inclusive. The breech blockis seen" to be suitably recessed centrally to accommodate y the extractor mechanism. A lower, extractor member 31 having a claw positioned at the lower front face of the breech block extends rearwardly and upwardly in the form of an arm 33 which is mounted on a pivot pin 34. The pivot pin 34 is carried by an upstanding link member 35 which in turn is mounted on pivot pin 36 secured tothe breech block. By this construction it will be seen that the claw of extractor member 31 is capable of a pivotal movement about pin 34 and is .additionally capable cfa substantially longitudinalinovement away yfrom the breech block by virtue of the link mounting. This construction enhances the successful operation of the 4extractor device during the operation of ej ecf tion, as well as extraction, as will be pointed out more fully hereinafter. Like the device of myco-p'ending application, the lower Aextractor member 31 of thepresent illustrated embodiment is provided with a second up-` standing arm 37 onwhich'is pivotally mounted at 38 an upper tension arm 39.-` Tension arm 39 rearward of pivot 38 is fo'rmedwith aY proj ecting nose 40 engageable with'shoulder 41which isforined4 on the arm 33 of the exl' tractor member 31; A bent. wire spring 4 2 is secured atl one end to the tension arm 39 to the rear of pivot 38 as shown, the opposite end of this spring resting against the side of a cut-Wray portion; in' the jbreech block, as

sliowninostclearly in Figure`3. Spring 42" isthus arranged to urge nose portion'40 of arm 39 'against shoulder portion 41V ofthe block"momentarily,as will be explained" presently; l A

When a Vcartridge shell is in position in the barrel chamber and the breech block is in breech clOS'ingpOSitiOn, the claw of extractor 31 'is inengagement'with the rim of the shell. The shell engaging portion of tension" arm 39 in'this positioir of the breech block lies in a position forward and above thel rim of the cartridge shellV and does not engage the same,

but on starting Vthe action bar rearward the breech bloclrwill be pivoted about its lower front edge to the position of Figure lI when tension arm 39 will engage theriinof the shell, Vtheclaw of extractor 31 retaining its hold thereon. Upon further, rearward move ment of the forearm, a rearward andsomewhat downward movementV of the breech block will take place whereupon withdrawal i of the shell will be efected, the extractor dev-,

' tension arm 39 to release its grip on the cartridge shell which then pivots downwardly vice pivoting upwardly aboutpivot v3 4 to exert a pull on the shell in line with its resistance notwithstanding the downward movement of the breech block.

At the upper wall of the receiver there is mounted a member 43 having a lrearwardly and downwardly slanting cam surface. 44. The breech block is suitably recessed at 88 to accommodate the member 43 when the breech block is in breech closing position. Cam surface 44 is adapted to engage the upper portion of tension arm 39 during the latter part of the breech block movement to start the shell moving downward when the shell is substantially clear of the barrel, and to increase somewhat the grip of the extractor device on the head of the shell at this point in its rearward movement. This point corresponds to the position of the parts as shown in Figure 2, from which position by further rearward movement of the action, ejection will take place. Adjacent the shell rim and integral with the side wallsuof the receiver are two ejector lugs 45 against which the shell head is adapted to abut, rearward movement of the shell being thereby momentarily arrested while the breech block continues its rearward travel for a short distance. Due to the secure clamping of the extractor device on the shell head the rearward movement of the extractorrdevice is also momentarily arrested, along with that of the cartridge shell. The breech block, however, continues to move rearwardly relative to the extractor device until the forwardv edgev of the arm 37 contacts a stop pin 46, integral with the breech block, when this relative movement ceases. The position of the parts at this point is as shown in Figure 5. The spring 42 which has j been placed under compression by this movement `now urges the/extractor device rear'- wardly from the position of Figure 5 back to its original position relative to the breech block. This rearward' movement of the extractor device, enabling it to catch up with the breech block, occurs with great rapidity. About the same time, shortly after the'extractor device has been stopped and the partsare in the position' of Figure 5, the strain on the cartridge has become so great as to cause about the lower forward corners of lugs 45. It will be seen that this pivotal movementl of jthe shell causes a rapid rearward movement of the' lowermost portion of the shell head which tends to remove thel shell rimrearwardly away from vcontact with point 310 (Fig. 5) of the extractor'claw. It is at this itime that the extractor device, having been released by the release of the shell, snaps rearwardly from the position of Figure 5,'as

above explained, and by this rapid movementv the point 310 of the claw is caused to follow the rearward movement of the adjacent portion of the shell rim and retain its contact therewith, thus compelling the cartridge shell to pivot about point 310 of the claw while being flipped downwardly for ejection. By

thus insuring that ejection will take place as means operable to assist the above-described mechanism in eecting reliable ejectiony under u conditions of very rapid'and forceful manipulation. The present invention also contemplates the provision of such means which consists in the following: Referring to Figure 2 the cam groove'29 is seen to be cut away rearwardly at its rearmost portion tov permit lug 28 of the action bar to bear against the forward exposed portion of the cocling head 26. In the position of the parts as shown in Figure 5, just before the shell has been released from the tension arm 39, the breech block is momentarily stopped in its rearward movement by the abutting of arm 37 against pin 46, as before explained. When this occurs and the rearward movement of the action is sufficiently rapid and forceful, lug 28 will cause av short rearward movement of the coc-king head 26 relative to the breech block, thereby compressing firing pin spring 251, the firing pin 25 being integral with the cocking head 26, as before explained. Release of the cartridge shell by tension arm 39 follows immediately, whereupon th-e breech block is permitted to snap rearwardly to catch up withthe rearward movement of the cooking head 26.v The whole extractor device is thus carri-ed rearwardly with the breechblock whereby the point 310v of th-e claw is snapped rearward in a movement which, when combined with the rearward movement of the point 310 caused by spring 42, as previously explained, causes the point 310 of the claw Vto follow withl increased alacrity any increase in the velocity with which the shell rim would tend to move rearwardly away from point 310 of the claw due to any extremely rapid and forceful inanipulation'of the action. It will be seen that the lowermost portion of the shell rim is forced to retainits contact with'point 3l() of the claw and to pivot about this point during ejection regardless of the speed o-r force of manipulation and that the ejection of the shell is dependably controlled' under all conditions of operation.

It isV preferred to apportion the relative strengths ofsprings42 and 251 so that spring 42 operates under all conditions of operation,

ico

iis

ejectingoperations herein described to effect a highly reliable shell ejection.

At the same time a vfurther device acts to assist in the successful ejection of the shell, which device it is within the contemplation of the present invention Jco-provide. This consists of an ejector finger 47 pivotally mounted at 48 within a suitable recess in the forward face of the'breech block immediately to one side of extractor member 3l Y(see Figures 2, 3 and 5). The ejector finger 47 is urged forward at all times rby a spring follower 49 and is limited in its forward movement to the position illustrated in Figure 5 by engagement of its lower portion against the breech block at 50. l/Vhen a shell is engaged by the extractor device the linger 47 is pressed inwardly into its seat in the breech block but exerts a pressure against the cartridge head, and when the cartridge is released from the extractor device the finger 47 serves Vto give an additional flip to the cartridge shell around point 310 of the claw as a: pivot, lthus ejecting the shell with greater alacrity and assisting to compel pivoting of the shell around point 310. The force exerted by spring follower 49 onrfinger 47 is such that thisliipping function of the finger does not occur until the shell has been at least partially releasedfrom the extractor device.-

The finger 47 besides performing its function in the capacity of assisting in ejection servesY also in another capacity. Vfhen a fresh cartridge is being urged into the barrel chamber by vforward movement of the breech block, the finger being normally in a forward position. as illustrated in Figure 5,' engages the shell head before the shell rim can be engaged by the extractor claw, thereby keeping the rim free from the extractor device during the greater part of the forward movement of the breech block when the shell is being urged into the barrel chamber. Thus, when the operator changes his mind and-wishes to remove a cartridge manually before it is completely inserted in the barrel chamber, he may effect this removal easily with his fingers, without encountering the'difliculty and annoyance of having to work the cartridge rim loose from the extractor, as is commonly necessary. Y

It will be seen from the foregoing' description of the several devices and their various functions taking part in the operation of extraction and ejection that a mechanism is provided which will operate with an exceed- Y ingly high degree of reliability whether the actionbe operated-very slowly orwith ordinary speed or with great rapidity.v The ej ection of a shell taking place as a flipping of the shell about point 310 of the claw will positively occur regardless of the speed of operation of the action. It is4 to be noted also that the successful operation of the extractor and ejector mechanism is -not hampered by the use of cartridge shells having rims of various sizes and thicknesses. The longitudinally yielding Ymovement of the claw of extractor member 31 aorded by the pivoted link construction herein described will readily permit accommodation of cartridge shell rims within a wide range of dimensions without any difficulty of sticking or binding of the shell rims in the extractor device during ejection.

Although the pivoted link construction above described is the preferred manner of mounting the lower extractor member the results and functions obtained may be effected f with equivalent success by modified constructions, all of which arewithin the contemplation of the present invention. A few illustrative examples of such .modifications are' shown in Figures 6 to 11, inclusive, and will now be described.

In Figure 6 is shown a lower extractor member 60 which may be substituted for member 31'of the embodiment of Figure 2. In 'the modification of Figures 6 and 7 a claw member 61 is seen to be provided with a rearwardly extending portion 62 which is received between the arms 63 of a forwardly extending bifurcated portion of the member 60. The portion 62 of the claw is provided with fore and aft elongated slots 64 and 65, the slot 64 being somewhat enlarged to house a coil spring 66 which bears at its rear end aga-inst the portion 62 and at its forward end against a transverse `pin 67 which is secured to the arms 63 and which rides in the elongated slot 64. A similar pin 68, also secured to the arms 63, rides in the rear elongated slot 65. The claw 6l'is normally urged rearward in a manner similar to that of the devices ofthe first described-form. Upon arresting the movement of the cartridge shell during extraction the claw 61 will yield and on release of the shell the claw 6l will snap rearward to retain contact with the shell rim in a manner similar to that previously described. The member 60 is provided with upwardly extending arms 69 and 70 which are similar in construction and function to thev arms 33 and37 ldescribed for the form shown in Figure 2, the member 60 being pivoted at 7l directly to the breech block.

A'further modified form of extractor member is illustrated in'Figures 8 and 9. Here a member 72 is provided with upstanding arms 73 and 74, the arm'73 being pivoted at 130 75 rto the breechblockythe' arm i.74 being adapted tocarry fa tension {arm similar tothe member 39 ofthe first described form;A 11nthe modification ofgFigures 8 and 9 the mem# lber 7 2fis provided with a forwardly extend- 1ngportion'76ftowhich a claw 7 7 is pivoted at 7 8. The' vclaw is resiliently urged-upward about pivot Y 8 pressureY from a'springfollower 79" bearing against the claw Vbelow the pivot 7 8' vas shown.- V-Iin thisconstruction,Vr although the claw is 7seen to' be' lpivotedto the member 7 2 andthe member? 2 pivoted tothe breech block, the yieldingandfreturn Hmovement ofthe claw is seen to afford? substan-` lfzially the same action as inthe firstdescribed (mit y g A still further form ofextrazctor member" is illustrated'in 'F igures 10 and 11;.`

The extractor member 80.y having 'a claw 81 integral therewith is providedat 'one' side-of its rear portion V with upstandingarms 82 and 83 similar to the armsBS andi-'37 offtheflrst described form.. `A link member 84 carryingl a laterally iprojectingpinl 85 is" positioned :adj acent the member 80, the latter bein'gprefrerablyfcut away as 'shownin Figure'll to accommodate' the link(A The' member 80 is apertured to receiye 'the pin' 85 elfecting a pivotal,relation between thememb'er 80 and the link' 84.' A `springpressed` plunger'86 recessed in the member 80, as shown', is-posie tioned :tofbe'ar against a portion f of vthe link below'the pivot 85,:thustending tourge the claw 'portion v of 'member -80wupwardlyfto a vshell *rimA engaging position adj acent the front face of the breech block.` `The link84 visAV pivotally mounted as'at 8'( o-n the breech block. -Bythis Aconstruction also, :a lcompoundL pivotal motion ofthe extractor claw is secured' 'by which 'is' effected al dependable yieldin-gandreturn movement of theclaw .f8-1, keeping the claw in contactwith-'theV shell rim as a pivot forithe shellduring e] ection in a vmanner similar'to thatl of the-first de.- sci'ibed form:

In 'the embodiments lof the invention': explained thus .far 1A have shown andi described .my device-as yappliedto afirearmof :the bot'- tom ejctonftype Where the' extractor @121W isv positioned adjacent the` lower portion :of the front face of-the breech blockf It is to be understood that'theV novel extractor mechanism of the present inventionis applicable also to firearms ofo'ther types. For example, the devicev maybe appliedto the breechblock ofav firearm ofthe side 'ej ection type with but 'slight changesl Iin'constr'uctiongl "In Figure 12 therey is illustrated the 'extractor 'device 'ofv the 'iirst described form -as v'applied to fa breech block for side ejection, and for the purposes of illustrationlfhave chosen a fire arm' ofthe ltype idisclosedin'my patent for Firearm, No. 1,682,704v of August y28,k '1928, the extractor mechanism'of. the presentinvention; being shownfas substituted 'forthe extractor device of the patent. -An extractor member 90- having aclaw 91'is positioned within a suitable recess in theA breechvblock with the'claw 91' in aI 'shell rimengaging position atthe ej ection-vside'ffofithe breech block; An armf92 integral with the extractor mem- Vber 90is 'mounted on 'afpivot pin 93carried by jalink 94 which in turnis pivoted to the breech/block at 95. -YA second arm 96 integral 'with the-member-90 is pivoted thereto at 197.:- Aftension` arm 98',- similar to thearm 39 oflF igurep2,is formed at its rear endwith 'afnose portion 99 engageable with a shoulder 100'form`edrin the-arm92 of member 90. A bent wireA spring 101 carriedlbythe tension arm98 and bearing lagainstfith'e surface of Y block, andiisnormally urged :rearward by a firing pin spring 103. 1n order to accommof date fthe; firing pin'tlie extractor' member 90 .is suitably'o'set, thearms95and 96 assing on onesideof'thezring pin andthe lin mem berz-f'9'4being positioned, i-fdesired, at the opposite side .of 'theiiringpin:A Itis, obvious that various arrangements of theparts may benade-.to accommodatethe firing pin and .theel extractor 'mechanismy within theV breech block without interfering `rwith one another. Ejectio'n .ofy a cartridge shell fromv the re- Yceiveris effected 'by Vmovement of the firing pin at the end of rearward movement of the breech block. 1:' A spring abutment 104, as more fullyfdisclosed in my Patent No. 1,682,- 704, is provided at the rear'end of the-re- :ceiver and is positioned itolbe engaged by the rearend-ofthe firingpiniwhich projects to the rear of the Vbreechblock at 105. Figure 12 shows the breech block near the end of its "rearwardfmovement, zi-fired shell having been extracted from4 the barrel chamberv and be-` Vingnow Vreadyzffor ejection through .a side port hole/.106 offthegreceive'r. "Further rearward movementV of the breech block y,will

fcausex-tlie'projecting portion 105,'of the firing inated or being replaced by any one of many known forms of claws, if desired, and a spring being suitably applied to the arm to urge-fthe same toward a position holding the shell rim in contact with the front face of vthe breech block. ,By retaining the link mounting of the extractor Vmember of the modifications of Figures 2 andv 12 or by utilizing one of the modified forms of Figures Gto l1, many advantages ofthe presentinvention are retained, the ejecting action, however, being somewhat modifieddue to theV elimination of. the tension .arm and its. attendant functions previously described', inns;- Inuch as the downward ejecting .motion imparted by the tension arm would'no longer be available. f

f It is to be understood that various vchanges in the construction'andarrangements of parts may be made without departing from .the spirit of the invention as hereinafter claimed.

Having fully describedmy invention, what I claim is:

1. In combination withthe breech. block of a firearm,'a member pivoted to said ybreech block, and anextractorclaw mounted 'onf said member for movementrelative. thereto.-

2. In combination with the .breech block. of

a firearm, a member mounted on said breech block for movement relative thereto, and; an extractor claw pivotally carriedby said inem.- ber. Y l -l 3. In combination with the" bree'ch'b'l'ock of a firearm, a link pivoted to thebreech blolck, and an extractor claw pivoted` tel said lin Y 4. In combination'withthe breechblckof al firearm, an upstanding link pivotediat` its lowerl end to-the breech block, and anfextr'ac'- tor claw pivoted to the upper end of said link.

5. In combination with the breech block' of a firearm, a link pivoted tothey breech'fblock, and an extractory member having a: claw positioned at the lower front face of'thebreech block, said extractor member being pivoted to said link. v

v 6. In combination Withlthe breech blockof a firearm, a firing pin; hou-'sed centrally within the breech block, arli'nk pivoted to' said breech block, and an extractor clawl pivoted to said link above said firing pin.

V7. lIn combination' with 'thebreech' block of afirearm', Va link Vpivote'dfto the'breech' block, anextractor member'having a clawY po= sitioned; atY one-iside of. the frontV faceiof-'the breech block, saeid' member being pivoted t said link, V-a tension arm having a shellengaging portion positioned at the opposite 'side of thel front face of the breech f block, vsaidV arm being pivoted to said extractor member: 81.*In a firearm having. a, movablevbreeh block, the Vcombination .off an extractorde- .vice lmovable -in a1 direction atl right angles to the front face of the breech blockandradaptf ed to hold a' .cartridge adjacent Ysaid face.,and a. spring-pressed ejector-member pivoted. to said breechV block positioned to urge the cartridge away'from said'face. j -A 9.. In.'y ai'- firearm having a ymovable i breech block,-the .combination/o a'link .pivoted to said breech block, an extractor memberl pivotedqtosaid link and. having azclaw vadapted to holdga cartridge' Vadjacentthe front-face of the breech block, andav spring-pressed ejector memberfcarried by said breech blockurg'- i ing the-cartridgefaway fromsaidyface. 'i 10. Infa firearm,"in.combination, a' barrel chamber, abreech blockcarrying an extractor claw andibeingnmovable to extract a cartridge shell from saidchamber, vejector mechanismaoperable near `'the end lof i the'ex `tracting,movementofsaid breech block'to force said shellawayA from" said breech block, and means carried 'by/saidbreech block operable'to insure pivoting of saidfshellfabout saidclavv.-v Y l 11'.: In a firearnna reciprocable breech? block, an extractor 'claw carried byasaid'brech blockengageable with the rim of a cartridge shell, 'ejector mechanism` operable to momentarily stop. rsaid claw andV shell duringthe extractingmovementz of: saidbreech block and to' impart ianejecting 'movement toV said Shell, and: means 'operable 'to'gimpart-V @tf-further movementY` to said claw, saidrclawfretainin `engagement' with the shell rim f during' ,fur'therrmovemenh Y v :f Y12.: In j al firearm, laT 'reciprocble breech blockafan extractor carried." byn said: breech block engage'able with the rim ofiatcartridge shell', lmeans tof momentarily f stop said "claw 'during the extracting-movement ,ofl said 'breech block, ejector-mechanism' 'operable to turn saidshellf about said claw lasa pivot, and means toimpart'. a: fnrthermovement to' said claw to` retain contact ofthe' claw'with. the shellrim during the turning ofthe shell.

'13'. .In a firearm,r a reciprocable" breech .block-.an extractor claw carried. by said breeclibl'ock engageable with therim of a cartridgeishell, meanst'o momentarily. stop said claw and breech block` during'. the movement' of extractiomfejeetor .mechanism operable'to turn said shell Yabout saidclawas' a pivot, an action-loarand-v a resilient/connection `between said#action-bar and jbreeh block rwhereby onzstoppingsaid breech'block energy -is?stored"therein to'impart a further movement to 'saidlbreech .block and claw to reta-in las contact of said claw with the shell rim durto hold a cartridge adjacent said face, and a spring-'pressed ejector member pivoted in 14. In a firearm, a reciprocable breech said breech block adjacent and extending subblock, an extractor claw carried by said stantially transversely of the front face '5' breechy block engageable with the rim of a thereof and adapted to be projected therefrom to urge the cartridge away from said ing the turning movement of said shell.

cartridge shell, means to momentarily stop said claw during its movement of extraction, ejector mechanism operable to turn said shell about said claw as a pivot, said claw being resiliently mounted on said breech block whereby on stopping said claw energy is stored therein to impart a further movement to said claw to retain contact of said claw with lthe shell rim during the turning movement of said shell.

15. In a firearm', in combination with a breech block movable to insert a cartridge shell in the barrel chamber, an extractor claw engageable with the rim of a cartridge shell,

and means to prevent engagement of the shell rim with said claw during the shell-inserting movement of said breech block.

16. In combination with the breech block of a firearm, an extractor claw engageable g5 with the rim of a cartridge shell, and a device positioned to contact the head of the cartridge shell and thereby prevent engagement of the shell rim with said claw, said device being yieldable under increased pressure gg from said shell to permit engagement of the rim with said claw.

17. In a irearm, in combination with a breech block movable to insert a cartridge shell in the barrel chamber, an extractor g5 claw carried by the breech block adjacent its front face, a member pivoted to said breech block adjacent its front face and spring urged to a position to engage the head of a cartridge shell and thereby prevent en- 40 gagement of the shell rim with said claw during the shell-inserting movement of said breech block, said member being yieldable under increased pressure to permit engagement of the shell rim by said claw.

18. In combination with the breech block of a firearm, a member pivoted to said breech block, an extractor claw mounted on said member for movement relative thereto, and resilient means interposed between said claw and said member.

19. In a rearm, in combination with a breech block movable to insert a cartridge shell in the barrel chamber, an extractor claw carried by said breech block and an ejector linger pivoted to said breech block and positioned to engage the shell and thereby prevent engagement of the shell with said claw during the shell inserting movement of said breech block, said linger being adapted on 150 insertion of the shell to be moved to a position ready for shell ejection.

20. In a firearm having a movable breech block, the combination of an extractor device movable in a direction at right angles to face,

. 05 the front face of the breech block and adapted CRAWFORD C. LOOMIS.

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