US1826078A - Permanent wave apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 6, 1931. P. KUNIAN ET AL PERMANENT WAVE APPARATUS Filed Dec. 22, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet l Oct. 6, 1931. P. KUNIAN ET AL PERMANENT WAVE APPARATUS Filed Dec. 22, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 7 Patented be. 6, 1931 jLEUNITED @STATE'S PATarrr OFFICE PAUL-KUNIAN AN Joint s'rmr, or MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA; SAID STEN assrenon 1 TO SAID KUNIAN I ratus for effecting a so-called PERMANENT WAV arrmrus.

l .l Application filed December 22, 1928. Serial No. 327,925.

' This invention relates to apparatus for curling hair and more particularly to appapermanent wa-ve upon human hair.

. It is an object of our invention to provide novel permanent Wave apparatus by the use of which an operator may quickly and etfi ciently coil and prepare'the hair for the heat ing or steaming step in' the process of perma nent waving.

- A further object is to providei'simple and 7 eflicientpermanent wave apparatus, including a novel winding device and a holder therefor which is adapted to facilitate and expedite the winding or'coiling of the locks of ,hair andwhich furthermore enables the 'coiled lock to be'tightened efficiently after lhe winding device is inserted in the holder or in the heating unit. I

Another object is to provide apparatus of the class described, including said novel hair winding device, a combined clamping and holding device associated therewith, and an efliclent heating unit adapted to cooperate with the winding device and the holdin de.- vice to enclose the coiled lock and su ject the same to the rop'er intensity of heat.

A further ob ect is to provide apermanent waving apparatus which may be quickly andeasily applied to the hair with the maximum amount of comfort to the person treated.

I crence characters refer to similar parts These and other objects and advantagesof the invention will be apparent from the following description madein connection with he accompanying drawings, wherein like refthroughout the several views and in which,

Fig. 1 is a 'side elevation 'of our improved hair winding device comprising an element of our apparatus, said-view iltustrating the manner in which the hair isattached to the.

' winding spool for initial winding;

. Fig. 2 is a similar view of saldwinding device showing-the manner in which a lock of hair is wound and disposed upon said spool; Fig. 3 is a top plan view of 'a combined spool holder and clamp constitutinganother of the elements-of our apparatus, the dotted lines indicating'the open position of one of the lamping ja v tion to illustrate Fig. 4 is a front elevation showing one of Fig. 6 is a front elevation showing our apparatus assembled to effect a wave upon alock of hair;

permanent I Fig. 7 is an elevation of one end of the same; a Fig; Sis an elevation of the opposite end of said assembled apparatus, some parts be ing broken away and others shownin secthe construction of the heater unit;

. Fig. 9 is a view mostly in longitudinal section illustrating the construction of. our

winding device, some portions being broken away and others shown in full;

Fig. 10 is a cross section taken on the be 10 10 of Fig. 9.;

Fig. 11 is a cross section taken on the line 1111 of Fig. 9, showing the end of the winding spool in elevation;

Fig. 12 is a top plan view of the winding spool v Fig. 13 is a longitudinal section illustrating' a slightly diiferent'form of winding spool; an

Fig. 14 is a plan view of the blank, from which a casing of the heating unit'is constructed, the dotted lines indicating where said blank is folded to assume the shape illus:

trated in'Figs..6 to 8 inclusive.

The embodiment of the invention illus- I I trated in the drawings, comprises three essential elements, namely, a winding device, a combined clamp and winding spool holder and heating unit adapted to.cooperate with said first mentioned parts toform a housing surrounding a coiled lock of hair upon the winding spool.

As illustrated, the type ofwinding device showninFigs. 1 to 12, inclusive comprises a.. hollow spool having substantially cylindrical ends 15aand a diminished central portion 15b small drum 17 is housed being of less diameter than the diameter of the spool end 15a. A washer or other suitable abutment 186 may be nested within the end 15a limited in longitudinal-movement by the tapered portion of the spool, this washer abutting the innerend of drum 17.

The said end 15a of the spool may have an inturned extremity 150 preventing out-ward displacement of the drum 17 Drum 17 carries an outwardly projecting openended boss 17a which is preferably flattened on two opposite sides, as shown in Fig. 11 in order that drum 17 may be non-rotatably connected with a holding element. At the opposite end 15a of the spool, a trunnion 15d is provided adapted to be .rotatably mounted in the holding element. A coiled brake spring 18 surrounds drum 17 and is housed within the end of said spool, said coiled spring having one of its ends secured to said drum at 18a and having its opposite end free. For winding the spool 15 we provide a suitable handle 19 having a shank. 19a of small diameter which is adapted to be inserted through the flattened boss 17a of drum 17 and inwardly within spool 15, said shank having a slotted inner end adapted to interlock with a diametrically disposed pin 20 in the medial portion of the spool. Preferably the shank 19a has a frictional connection with the handle 19 to permit the handle to be turned independently of the shank in one direction. As illustrated, a small sleeve 19?) is concentrically disposed within handle 19 surrounding the outer end of shank 19a and a; coiled spring 40 surrounds the diminished outer extremity of shank 19a having one of its ends 40a fixed to said shank. Obviously, when the handle is-turned in counterclockwise direction it will be released from frictional engagement with the spool by the tendency to wind the spring 40 and when turned in clock wise direction ,the tendency will be to unwind the spring thereby frictionally engaging the sleeve 19?) to rigidly connect the parts.

A combined hair clamp and spool holder is provided comprising a pair of pivoted jaws 21 and 22. respectively. As illustrated jaw 21 has an angnlarly disposed free end 21a in the same plane with the elongated body thereof, said end 21a carrying an upstanding holding bracket 21?). which has'an upper semicylindrical portion and a slot 210 extending from the forward edge to the central portion thereof and declined slightly from the horizontal. The second clamping member 22 has an angularly disposed end 22a which is pivoted to the straight end of clamping member 21, said end 22a carrying a bracket 22?) of similar construction to the bracket 21?) and provided with a similar spool retaining slot 220. The free end 21a of clamping member 21 is provided with a small spring latch element 21d which is adapted to engage the outer edge .of clamping member 22 when the two members are swung together into clamping position. Incidently, the inward movement of jaws 21 and 22 are limited by suitable abutting surfaces on the contacting portions of the free ends thereof. The inner edges of the two clamping jaws are straight and are disposed in parallel relationwhen the jaws are closed and each edge carries a clainping strip 23 which may be constructed of rubber 26, the corresponding retaining clips on the oppotwo clamping jaws as illustrated being sitely arranged; I

A suitable steaming pad is utilized in connection with our apparatus and is disposed about the coiled lock of hair, as' shown in Fig. 5. This pad comprises an inner rectangular sheet of absorbentmaterial 27 adapted to hold the hair treating solution, said sheet being stitched or otherwise connected to a doubled sheet of foil 27a or some other material adapted to retain its shape and said foil sheet has a sheet of paper or parchment 27b superimposed thereover, which surrounds the entire pad when'the same is applied to a coil of hair. Preferably our steam pad has a pair of wires W projecting from the free edge of the absorbent sheet 27, said wires being adapted to extend beneath the coiled lock and to be wrapped around the parchment of the pad to retain the pad in'c'ylindrical shape about the coil of hair. I

A suitable electric heating unit is adapted to cooperate with the elements previously described and may be releasably secured to the clamping members by means of the re taining clips 26. V

As illustrated, our heating unit comprises a 'thin hollow casing 28 of 'U-shaped cross section provided with parallel longitudinal Each of the.

edges 2811 which may have external beads disposed longitudinally thereof, said beads being adapted to be releasably' engaged by the spring clips 26 on our combined clamping and holding element. An upstanding handle 29 constructed of some non-conductive ma-' terial, is secured to the upper and central portion of the casing 28 and electric service wires L may extend through the handle 29 suitably connected with-an electric heating element E disposed within casing 28 and insulated therefrom by a suitable sheet of insulatin 'material I. By reference. to Figs.

{5,7 an 8,'it will be seen that when the heating unit is connected with the combined clamp and holder that the winding spool 15 will be entirely enclosed by said first mentioned elements, the upstanding brackets 216 at the' two ends of the clamp substantially closing ends are then formed in the U shape illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8 and the extremities T I of the end portions arebent outwardly on -the linesX, saidportions T substantially abutting forming a shank portion adapted to be secured within a slot in handle member 29 by suitable means, such as screws S. The extreme portions T each have their central portion bulged at Q to form a vertical passage when the blank is shaped -within the handle 29 accommodatingthe service wires I1 and facilitating the connection of said service wires with the heating element E.

Narrow side flaps F extend from body B and may be folded, inwardly aroundthe ad-- Qjacent edges of the bent end ortions on the lines Y and Z to close the en p of the casing. InF1g.'13 a slightly different embodiment of winding spool is. shown than that illustrated in Figs-9 to 11, inclusive. As shown in Fig.13, spool 30,'similar in general shape to the spool 15 is provided having a short cylindrical shaped end 300: provided with an axial opening to accommodate the shank of the winding handle. A small brake drum 31 is superimposed about said end 30a of 'said 'spool, spaced therefrom and may be retained on said end by means of an inturned {flange 31a on the inner edge thereof and an x inturned flange 31b surrounding and engaging the adjacent extremity of the spool. Brake drum 31 carries an outwardly project- Qing axially disposed hollow boss 31c preferably flattened on two opposte sides in the manner of the boss illustrated in Fig. 11 for non-rotative engagement of one of the slotted A portions 21c of the holding element. Aeoiled spring 32 is disposed between the brake drum 31 and the and 30a of the spool and has one of its ends 32a fixed to the-spool, while its opposite end is free.

Operatz'Mt; it

. The operation of our apparatus mayv briefly described as follows:

-The shank 19a of the winding element is first inserted within one of thewiuding spools with its inner forked end interlocked with the diametric pin of the spool.

The end of a lock of hair is connected for winding with the winding. spool 15 by raising the attachment clip 16,-clamping the end of the lock against the body of'tlie spool. The spool may then be held with one hand and the handle 19 turned through partial revolutions inclockwise direction. By reference to Figs. 1 and 2, it willbe seen that when .the handle 19 is turned in clockwise direction, the tendency will be to uncoil the brake spring 40 therein, producing a frictional connection between said handle and its shank 19a whereby the spool 15 may be turned. The handle may'then be turned through a partial revolution in counterclockwise direction, while the spool and lock of hair is held with one hand, the counterclockwise turning of handle.19 tending to tighten the spring about shank 19a and permitting a slip connection between shank 19a and handle 19. Thus, the

lock of hair may be continuously wound upon the spool without releasing one hand therefrom by oscillating the handle member 19 insuring' smooth and ellicient winding of the lock. Since thespool 15 hasv a diminished central portion, the lock will be spread over the central area of the spool, the severalcoils beingsuperimposed, thus coiling the several strands of hair most efliciently. Fig. 2 illustrates the appearance of the coiled look upon the spool when the desired amount of hairhas been wound.

1 Spool 15 with the lock of hair wound thereon is next inserted within the combined clamping and holding device, the hair first being clamped adjacent the scalp by the aws 21 and 22, the clamp being efiicient-ly retained u on the look by means of the latch 2111..

runnion 15d'of the spool is slipped into one of the slotted portions 210 of the holder, while the flattened boss 1711 at the opposite end of the spool is non-rotatively connected with the slotted portion 220 at the opposite end of the holder. The spool cannot be unwound 1n counterclockwise direction because of the truetional engagement between the brake spring 18 with the interior of the spool. The spool can, however, be turned in clockwise direction'to further tighten the look if the same is desired, clockwise rotation tightening spring18 and permitting turning of the spool while the drum is held stationary.

The next step in preparing the lock disposed around the lock and the foil 27a and for the I I steaming process is to surround the lock with posed about said absorbent sheet, the edges of the pad being disposed beneath the lock. The wires 1V, connected with the absorbent sheet are passed beneath the spool at the sidesof the lock and are wound about the upper portion of the pad, serving to retain the same in operative position about the lock. Further winding of the spool in clockwise direction will tend to draw one edge of the pad inwardly against the upper surface of the clamping elements tightening the same about the lock- The winding implement 19 may now be withdrawn from engagement with the winding spool and the combined clamping and holding element with the spool and look attached thereto may be readily'inserted within the casing 28 of the heater unit, spring clips 26 yieldingly engaging the heads at the longitudinal edges of casing 28.

It will be seen from inspection of Figs. 6 to 8, inclusive, that the cooperation of heating unit 28 and the holding and clamping element affords eflicient enclosure for the coiled lock subjecting the same to the heat produced by heating element E within heater casing 28. The top surfaces of clamping jaws 21 and 22 are preferably metallic to absorb, reflect and radiate heat to uniformly steam the lock.

After the process of steaming the heater unit may be quickly detached, the spool then detached from the holding element and th lock unwound from the spool.

It will be further seen that since the lock is securely clamped by the elements 21 and 22 adjacent the scalp there will be a minimum pulling on the hair when the spool and heater elements are attached to the clamping'and holder elements. Moreover, the scalp of the subject will be protected from heat by the thick felt pads 24 on the bottom of clamping elements 21 and 22. The construction of the winding spool and its associated winding element permits a lock of hair to be wound and tightened efi iciently when the spool and lock is held in one hand and also when the spool is connected with the holding element.

The form of winding spool illustrated in Fig. 13, operates on the identical principle with the spool 15, the operation of which has been described. the brake spring 32 frictionally engaging the drum 21 when the winding element is turned in one direction or permitting the spool to be turned independ ently of the drum when the handle is turned in the opposite direction.

From the foregoing description it will be I seen that we have invented a novel and highly efiicient apparatus for permanently waving human hair adapted to greatly expedite the preparation of the locks for steaming and J further adapted to permit curling of the hair more uniformly and efficiently and to afford greater comfort to the subject during the process.

It will, of course, be understood that various changes may be made in the form, details, arrangement and proportions of the parts without departingfrom the scope of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. In permanent wave apparatus, a winding device comprising a spool, an implement for winding'said spool, a brake drum associatedwith one end of said spool and means associated with said drum for frictionally connecting said drum and said spool when it is adapted to turn said spool in one direction and for permitting said spool to be turned independently of said drum in the opposite direction, and a holding element in which one end of said spool may be journaled and in which said drum may be non-rotatably mounted.

2. The structure set forth in claim 1, wherein said frictional means comprises a coiled spring concentrically disposed between one end of said spool and said drum and having an anchored end and a free end.

3. In permanent wave apparatus, a winding device comprisinga spool, a winding element comprising a shank non-rotatively engageable with said spool, a handle surrounding the outer end of said shank and slip clutchmeans between said shank and said handle adapted I to cause said handle and shank to be rigidly connected when said handle is turned in one direction and to be relatively loosely connected when said handle is turned in the opposite direction.

4. In permanent wave apparatus, a winding spool, a holding frame wherein said spool is mounted, friction clutch mechanism associated with one end of said spool comprising a member non-rotatably connected to said holding frame, and friction means between said last mentioned member and said spool adapted to hold said spool against rotary movement-in one direction but permitting the rotary movement of said spool in the opposite direction.

5. In permanent wave apparatus,-a winding spool, a holding element wherein said spool is adapted to be mounted, a'friction drum associated with one end of said spool, and a resilient friction element interposed between said drum and a portion of said spool, whereby said spool may be turned in one direction, but will be held frictionally against turning in the opposite direction. v

6. In permanent wave apparatus, a wind ing spool, a spool holding member having clamping elements adapted to engage a lock of hair, means on said holding element wherein sa id spool may be detachably mounted, a frictlon drum associated with one endof said spool and non rotatably connectable with said last mentionedmeans, and a coiled spring interposed between said drum and a portion of said spool to hold said spool against rota tive movement in onedirection and to permit rotative movement of said spool in the opposite direction. o

In testimony whereof we afiix 0u r signatures. v

PAUL KUNIAN.

JOHN STEN.

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