US1820568A - Explosive - Google Patents
Explosive Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1820568A US1820568A US177215A US17721527A US1820568A US 1820568 A US1820568 A US 1820568A US 177215 A US177215 A US 177215A US 17721527 A US17721527 A US 17721527A US 1820568 A US1820568 A US 1820568A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- orthonitrotoluene
- trinitrotoluene
- liquid
- explosive
- melted
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 17
- PLAZTCDQAHEYBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O PLAZTCDQAHEYBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000015 trinitrotoluene Substances 0.000 description 15
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylsulfonylbenzoic acid Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O BZSXEZOLBIJVQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229940080281 sodium chlorate Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 5
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical class [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical class OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- DYSXLQBUUOPLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1[N+]([O-])=O DYSXLQBUUOPLBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 sawdust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZPTVNYMJQHSSEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-nitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 ZPTVNYMJQHSSEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B29/00—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate
- C06B29/02—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate of an alkali metal
- C06B29/16—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate of an alkali metal with a nitrated organic compound
- C06B29/18—Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate of an alkali metal with a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrated toluene or a nitrated phenol
Definitions
- My invention relates to explosives whose characteristic ingredients are chlorates or perchlorates, or nitrates, of an alkaline metal, or of ammonium.
- Orthonitrotoluene is a good solvent for trinitrotoluene, which is a solid crystalline substance which melts at 68 C. By melting trinitrotoluene in steam vats I can mix it with orthonitrotoluene in any desired proportion and thus produce a sensitizer which is stronger than the orthonitrotoluene alone.
- the trinitrotoluene is therefore dissolved in the orthonitrotoluene and is prevented from solidifying by the said orthonitrotoluene Application filed March 21, 1927.' Serial No. 177,215.
- An explosive consisting of alkaline chlorates, a powdered carbonaceous absorbent, and a liquid mixture of liquid orthonitroluene with melted trinitrotoluene.
- An explosive consisting of sodium chlorate, a powdered carbonaceous absorbent, and a liquid mixture of liquid orthonitrotoluene with melted trinitrotoluene.
- An explosive consisting of sodiumchlorate, alkaline nitrates, a powdered carbonaceaus absorbent, and a liquid mixture of liquid orthonitrotoluene with melted trinitrotoluene.
- An explosive consisting of sodium chlorate, sodium nitrate, a powdered carbonaceaus absorbent, and a liquid mixture of liquid orthonitrotoluene with melted trinitrotoluene.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Description
Patented Aug. 25, 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT F CE,
LLEWELLYN J. W. crowns, or TACOMA, WASHINGTON, nssrenon To JAMEs'r. Gems;
0F SEATTLE, WASHINGTON.
ExPLos vE No Drawing.
My invention relates to explosives whose characteristic ingredients are chlorates or perchlorates, or nitrates, of an alkaline metal, or of ammonium.
I am aware that patents have been issued covering the use of liquid oily dinitrotoluene with chlorates or perchlorates of alka- I find that the so-called commercial liquid dinitrotoluene remains liquid at temperatures ranging from 83 C. to 66 0., in different samples, but that in Winter it crystallizes when the atmospheric temperature reaches near or below freezing.
I have discovered that mononitrotoluene, particularly the isomer called orthonitrotoluene, is just as good a sensitizer as the binitrotoluene and, as it does not crystallize until the temperature falls below -10 C. it is practically not affected by ordinary freezing temperatures. I find, however, that while orthonitrotoluene is a good sensitizer it is too fluid and has not sufiicient viscosity to make a good plastic explosive powder, so I add to it sufiicient trinitrotoluene to give it the necessary body and, by so doing, I also add more oxygen and thus obtain a more powerful explosive.
Orthonitrotoluene is a good solvent for trinitrotoluene, which is a solid crystalline substance which melts at 68 C. By melting trinitrotoluene in steam vats I can mix it with orthonitrotoluene in any desired proportion and thus produce a sensitizer which is stronger than the orthonitrotoluene alone.
The trinitrotoluene is therefore dissolved in the orthonitrotoluene and is prevented from solidifying by the said orthonitrotoluene Application filed March 21, 1927.' Serial No. 177,215.
and, in turn, increases the viscosity and-the explosive effect of the mixturei My improved explosive,*thercfore, comprises -chlorates ;or perchlorates of. alkali metals, specifically sodium or potassium, or of ammonium, withor withoutnitrates of alkali metals, specifically sodium or potassium, or .of ammonium, or the above nitrates without the chlorates, ,together with carbonaceous substances, such as sawdust, charcoal, flour orstarch, with or without silico-aluminous substances, such as brickdust, powdered clay, or sand, or with or without carbonates of alkaline earth metal, particularly calcium carbonate, suchas'limestone, together with liquid orthonitrotoluene mixed with liquefied trinitrotoluene, said dry substances being first thoroughly mixed together and then "the liquid mixture poured over and thoroughly mixed with the said solids, whereby each grain is coated with the said liquid, J The exactproportions ofwhich the various kinds or grades of explosives are composed, will vary within rather wide limits depending upon the character of the work required of them, their cost, and the'circumstances under which they are to operate, for
instance, the following would be typical powders Rock powder #1 v Parts Sodium chlorate i; 78 Trinitrotoluene' i I 7 'Orthonitrotoluene 8 Sawdust 7 R007: powder 7 Parts Sodium chlorate 78 Sodium nitrate 7 Sawdust 5 Trinitrotoluene 8 Orthonitrotolueneiu 7 Sodium chlorate Stamping powder #1 stumping powder #2 Parts 33 Sodium nitrate 40 Sawdust 9 Trinitrotoluene 9 Orthonitrotoluene l- 9 Stmnpz'ng powder #3 Parts Sodium nitrate 7 3 Sawdust 9 Trinitrotoluene 9 Orthonitrotoluene 9 Having, therefore, described my invention, what I claim is 1. An explosive consisting of an oxidizing agent, a powdered carbonaceous absorbent, and a liquid mixture of liquid orthonitrotoluene with melted trinitrotoluene.
2. An explosive consisting of alkaline chlorates, a powdered carbonaceous absorbent, and a liquid mixture of liquid orthonitroluene with melted trinitrotoluene.
3. An explosive consisting of sodium chlorate, a powdered carbonaceous absorbent, and a liquid mixture of liquid orthonitrotoluene with melted trinitrotoluene.
4. An explosive consisting of sodiumchlorate, alkaline nitrates, a powdered carbonaceaus absorbent, and a liquid mixture of liquid orthonitrotoluene with melted trinitrotoluene. V
5. An explosive consisting of sodium chlorate, sodium nitrate, a powdered carbonaceaus absorbent, and a liquid mixture of liquid orthonitrotoluene with melted trinitrotoluene.
' ture of 5 to 10 parts of liquid orthonitrotoluene with 6 to 12 parts of melted trinitrotoluene.
LLEWELLYN J W. JONES.
parts of liquid. orthoni-
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US177215A US1820568A (en) | 1927-03-21 | 1927-03-21 | Explosive |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US177215A US1820568A (en) | 1927-03-21 | 1927-03-21 | Explosive |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1820568A true US1820568A (en) | 1931-08-25 |
Family
ID=22647674
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US177215A Expired - Lifetime US1820568A (en) | 1927-03-21 | 1927-03-21 | Explosive |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1820568A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3096223A (en) * | 1960-07-11 | 1963-07-02 | Intermountain Res And Engineer | Slurry blasting explosives containing inorganic prechlorate or chlorate |
| US3235425A (en) * | 1960-11-07 | 1966-02-15 | Hercules Powder Co Ltd | Slurry-type blasting compositions containing ammonium nitrate and smokeless powder |
-
1927
- 1927-03-21 US US177215A patent/US1820568A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3096223A (en) * | 1960-07-11 | 1963-07-02 | Intermountain Res And Engineer | Slurry blasting explosives containing inorganic prechlorate or chlorate |
| US3235425A (en) * | 1960-11-07 | 1966-02-15 | Hercules Powder Co Ltd | Slurry-type blasting compositions containing ammonium nitrate and smokeless powder |
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