US1816730A - Airplane propeller - Google Patents

Description

July 28, 1931. H. H. HARDIN 1,816,730

IRPLANE PROPELLER Filed June 1o, 19:50

muuu /4 Frgl- Patented July 28, 1931 UNITED'ISTATES PATENT oFFlcl-z HARVEY H. HARDIN, F MAITLAND, MISSOURI, ASSIGr'NOR OF ONE-HALF T0 G. HILSABECK, OF GRAHAM, MISSOURI l AIRPLANE PROIPELLER Application led .Tune 10,

This invention relates to reversible prof pellers and an object of the invention is to provide a propeller blade in which the pitch of the blades may be changed easily and quickly by the operator.

A further object is to provide an adjustable propeller without complicated gearing, racks or pinions.

A further general object therefore is to provide a new and improvedA propeller which may be simply, yet reliably adjusted.

Other objects and advantages will become .apparent as the description proceeds.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which are made a part hereof and on which similar reference characters indicate similar parts,

Flgure l is a side View partly in section of the device of my invention,

Figure 2 a plan view of the same,

Figure 3 an end view of the propeller as shown in Figure 2, looking from the rightand being on a reduced scale, and

Figure 4 a diagrammatic illustration of the several positions taken by the propeller during adjustment.

In the drawings numeral indicates the drive shaft from the engine upon which shaft the propeller is mounted. This pro, peller consists of a sleeve 11 which is mounted on the drive shaft 10 and keyed thereto to rotate with the shaft. The forward end of the sleeve 11 is provided with a pair of integral Hange's 12. Propeller blades 13 and 14 are secured upon the flanges 12 by means of lugs 43 andlpins or bolts 15 and 16 about which latter they are Aadjustable on the flanges. Means for-clausing this adjustment is as follows:

The blades preferably have at their inner ends flanged hubs 18 and 19, these hubs each being provided with lugs 20 and 21. Neatly fitting -but axially sliding uponthe sleeve 11 is'a collar 22. This collar has an annular groove 23 `which forms the inside 1930. Serial No. 460,251.

' This ring is provided with short stub spin-` dles 31 and 32 at opposite sides to which are attached the ends 33 and 34 of an operating lever 35.

As previously described the propeller blades are pivoted on pins 16 and 17. As shown in Figure 2 and' shown .diagramlmatically in Figure 4 these pins are eccentric with respect to the axis of the blades. When the propeller blades are moved on these pivoted pins therefore they do not rotate in a complete circle or the arc of a complete circle but rather the axis of the blade will move about the pivots 16 and 17. As shown in Figure 2, for example, when this propeller is adjusted on its center 17 the axis of the blade indicated at 36 will move in an arc having 17 as its center. When the adjusting lever 35 is pushed for- Ward the propeller 13 will lie sul/tantially in the line 37-38 shown in Figure When the adjusting lever is moved to the left, the face of the propeller may assume the position shown in lines 39-40 -1 of Fig'. 4. Line 41-42 indicates a position intermediate the twopositions just mentioned. A, B and C .indicate the -axis of the main drive shaft 10, the pivot point of the blades and the axis of the propellerl blades, respectively.

From the foregoing description the operation of my device should be .ap arent.

Just a Word concerning the ev ect created by the adjustment should be given. At nor- -mal atmospheric pressure and in a relatively calm Wind the propeller blades will be set at a pitch which has been predetermined ,by the engineer. At normal speeds this will be theppitchwhich will give the best possible ERNEST 'ullingeiectby the engine. At high speeds, combination with a propeller shaft of a owever, this given pltch of the blade will sleeve having. opposite integral vflanges not roduce the highest eiiiciency on the part thereon, propeller blades havlng integral of t e engine. During flight. the blades of hubs pivoted on said flanges, sa1d blades 5 an engine travel in a spiral. At high speeds being pivoted eccentric of their axes, lugs 70 with the' blades having the same pitch as on said blades, links to pivot the blades, they had at low speeds there will be a the axes of the blades moving about the lost motion of the blade., At suchhigh pivot point, substantially as set forthf speeds therefore it is desirable that the pitch In witness whereof, I have hereunto set of the blade be increased soas to create my hand at Washington, District of Colum- 75 the proper push or pull `againstthe air. bia, this tenth vday of June,l A. D. nineteen Not only' is this necessary at high's'peeds hundred and thifrt-.

but it is necessary in different wind ve- RVEY H. 'BARBIN'.

locities, for the same effect is present when f going against the wind as is found in ily-v f 80 ing at very high speeds. It is necessary to tilt the bladesto correspond to thevelocity of the wind in order' to realize the highest eiiidiency on -the part of the engine. The

density of the air is another factor'to be ss taken into account. The density of the atmosphere at sea level is' uite different `from that at an elevation o several thousand feet and at high altitudes the air becomes very rare. When flying at high altitudes 90 therefore it becomes necessary to tilt the blades again in order to enable them to operate at a maximum pulling eiii'cieney. By the use of my invention adjustment for all of these occaslons may be instantly made. v 95 With adjusting mechanismior propeller -blades nowl in use gears, pinions and racks are used; while. these may, be sufliciently v reliable for marine pro eller blades they are entirely tool hazardous or airplane construc- 100 tion since theyr easily get out of order. W ith my construction there are no gears to get out 'of'o'rder and 'all of the parts may be rigidly and thus reliably secured together with rela- ,Q40 tively little dan er loftheir breaking or 105 getting out of or er. j I

It will be obvious to those skilled in the artthat various changes ma be made in mfy'devicek without departing rom the spirit o the invention, and therefore I do not 110 `limit myself to what is shown in the drawings and described in the specification, but

onl as indicated b the ap nded claims. s aving `thus fully descri ed m said in- 60' vention,l what I claim'as new an desire to 115 secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A reversible propeller comprising the Acombination with .a propeller shaft of a sleeve vmounted thereon and rotatable there-1 'v with, the forward end of the sleeve being 120 eller blades pivotally` attached to said anges, said blades being pivoted at oints provided with opposite. lintegral flanges, pro-` "ntricgof thir axes, a collar slida leon id .sleeve, r a in uredy@j axially therewith but to ,th collar, and lin connecting vrs'on said Propeller bladesg/ prgpgller comprising the Y 130 g within said collar and -125,

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