US1807788A - Paul kemp - Google Patents
Paul kemp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1807788A US1807788A US1807788DA US1807788A US 1807788 A US1807788 A US 1807788A US 1807788D A US1807788D A US 1807788DA US 1807788 A US1807788 A US 1807788A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- antimony
- tin
- arsenic
- lead
- hardness
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 30
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony Chemical compound [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin hydride Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 229910001245 Sb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 10
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002140 antimony alloy Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000011194 food seasoning agent Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000171 quenching Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001965 increased Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 antimony-lead Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C11/00—Alloys based on lead
- C22C11/08—Alloys based on lead with antimony or bismuth as the next major constituent
Definitions
- My invention relates to an alloy of lead and antimony and to the process of producing the same.
- the principal object of the invention is the production of an alloy of this kind of greater than normal hardness and having an antimony content higher than was heretofore deemed permissible. I attain this object by adding suitable quantities of arsenic and tin to the lead and antimony alloy.
- Lead and antimony alloys of greater than normal hardness are Well known.
- the increase in hardness beyond normal is usually achieved by the following sequence of steps (a) tempering the alloy at a temperature closely below the eutectic temperature, (1)) quenching and (c) seasoning.
- the improvement thus efi'ected is ascribable to the intermediate formation of a saturated solid solution of antimony in the lead, the saturation concentration of such solution being at approximately 2.5% of antimony.
- any excess of antimony beyond approximately 2.5% counteracted increase of hardness of the alloy see Western Electric Company British Patent 248,458), it was customary heretofore to subject to this hardness increasing action only such-lead-antimony alloys whose antimony content did not exceed approximately 2.5%.
- arsenic and tin are particularly eifective. Not only does the use of these substances prevent the reduction in hardness which occurs upon the tempering, quenching and seasoning of an antimony-lead alloy containing over 2.5% antimony, but surprisingly enough the presence of arsenic and tin will cause the excess of antimony to enhance the hardness of such alloy containing over 2.5% antimony and will thus greatly increase the Serial No. 396,403, and in Austria July 27, 1829.
- arsenic and tin in the case of arsenic it extends from about 0.2 to about 2% and in the case of tin it is such that its optimum effectiveness is present when the tin content is about one-fifth that of the antimony content.
- the antimony content itself is preferably between approximately 1% and 10%.
- a special advantage of the use of arsenic and tin as contemplated by the present invention is that by their presence, the temperature duration as Well as the seasoning duration may be materially curtailed.
- a leadantimony alloy of greater than normal hardness comprising a maximum of 10% antimony, from approximately 0.2% to approximately 2% arsenic and from approximately 0.1% to approximately 2% tin, the tin content being substantially one fifth of the antimony content.
Description
Patented June 2, 1931 UNITED STATES PAUL KEMP, or VIENNA, AUSTRIA .ALLOY OF LEAD AND ANTIMONY No Drawing. Application filed September 30, 1929,
My invention relates to an alloy of lead and antimony and to the process of producing the same. I
The principal object of the invention is the production of an alloy of this kind of greater than normal hardness and having an antimony content higher than was heretofore deemed permissible. I attain this object by adding suitable quantities of arsenic and tin to the lead and antimony alloy.
Lead and antimony alloys of greater than normal hardness are Well known. The increase in hardness beyond normal is usually achieved by the following sequence of steps (a) tempering the alloy at a temperature closely below the eutectic temperature, (1)) quenching and (c) seasoning. The improvement thus efi'ected is ascribable to the intermediate formation of a saturated solid solution of antimony in the lead, the saturation concentration of such solution being at approximately 2.5% of antimony. Inasmuch as any excess of antimony beyond approximately 2.5% counteracted increase of hardness of the alloy (see Western Electric Company British Patent 248,458), it was customary heretofore to subject to this hardness increasing action only such-lead-antimony alloys whose antimony content did not exceed approximately 2.5%.
By means of the present invention I am onabled to obtain improved alloys of lead and antimony in whichthe antimony content may be substantially greater than 2.5% which is at present deemed the permissible maximum. In accordance with my invention I add suitable quantities of arsenic and tin to the lead and antimony alloys, which are subjected to the usual steps of tempering, quenching and seasoning.
I find that arsenic and tin are particularly eifective. Not only does the use of these substances prevent the reduction in hardness which occurs upon the tempering, quenching and seasoning of an antimony-lead alloy containing over 2.5% antimony, but surprisingly enough the presence of arsenic and tin will cause the excess of antimony to enhance the hardness of such alloy containing over 2.5% antimony and will thus greatly increase the Serial No. 396,403, and in Austria July 27, 1829.
beneficial efl'ect. For example, with an anti-, mony content of 4.- to 8% Sb (the balance lead), in the absence of arsenic or tin the hardness decreased from the maximum of 28 Brinell when Sb content is approximately 2.5% to 25 to 20 Brinell, whilev in the presence of say 0.4% arsenic the conditions were reversed to the extent that with increasing antimony content there was a parallel increase in hardness until the latter had attained 28 to 30 Brinell.
The eifect just described is peculiar to arsenic and tin; in the case of arsenic it extends from about 0.2 to about 2% and in the case of tin it is such that its optimum effectiveness is present when the tin content is about one-fifth that of the antimony content. The antimony content itself is preferably between approximately 1% and 10%. A special advantage of the use of arsenic and tin as contemplated by the present invention is that by their presence, the temperature duration as Well as the seasoning duration may be materially curtailed.
I claim: As a new article of manufacture, a leadantimony alloy of greater than normal hardness, comprising a maximum of 10% antimony, from approximately 0.2% to approximately 2% arsenic and from approximately 0.1% to approximately 2% tin, the tin content being substantially one fifth of the antimony content.
In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.
PAUL KEMP.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1807788A true US1807788A (en) | 1931-06-02 |
Family
ID=3422333
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US1807788D Expired - Lifetime US1807788A (en) | Paul kemp |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US1807788A (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2678341A (en) * | 1953-11-05 | 1954-05-11 | Electric Storage Battery Co | Storage battery and grid therefor |
US2791619A (en) * | 1955-11-22 | 1957-05-07 | Accumulatorenfabrik Ag | Lead alloy for accumulator grid |
US2821565A (en) * | 1955-10-19 | 1958-01-28 | John J Lander | Battery grid and plate |
US3144356A (en) * | 1960-08-11 | 1964-08-11 | Electric Storage Battery Co | Battery grid alloy |
US3819406A (en) * | 1968-02-16 | 1974-06-25 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co | Hot-dip lead coating |
US3923501A (en) * | 1974-01-09 | 1975-12-02 | Asarco Inc | Filler solder |
US4112141A (en) * | 1976-05-06 | 1978-09-05 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | Method of using filling solder for automobile body |
EP0207236A2 (en) * | 1985-04-11 | 1987-01-07 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Lead alloy foil and lead laminated tape using the foil, both designed for covering cables |
-
0
- US US1807788D patent/US1807788A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2678341A (en) * | 1953-11-05 | 1954-05-11 | Electric Storage Battery Co | Storage battery and grid therefor |
US2821565A (en) * | 1955-10-19 | 1958-01-28 | John J Lander | Battery grid and plate |
US2791619A (en) * | 1955-11-22 | 1957-05-07 | Accumulatorenfabrik Ag | Lead alloy for accumulator grid |
US3144356A (en) * | 1960-08-11 | 1964-08-11 | Electric Storage Battery Co | Battery grid alloy |
US3819406A (en) * | 1968-02-16 | 1974-06-25 | Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co | Hot-dip lead coating |
US3923501A (en) * | 1974-01-09 | 1975-12-02 | Asarco Inc | Filler solder |
US4112141A (en) * | 1976-05-06 | 1978-09-05 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | Method of using filling solder for automobile body |
EP0207236A2 (en) * | 1985-04-11 | 1987-01-07 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Lead alloy foil and lead laminated tape using the foil, both designed for covering cables |
EP0207236A3 (en) * | 1985-04-11 | 1987-01-21 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Lead alloy foil and lead laminated tape using the foil, both designed for covering cables |
US4769514A (en) * | 1985-04-11 | 1988-09-06 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Lead alloy foil for laminated tape |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US1807788A (en) | Paul kemp | |
US1945297A (en) | Aluminum alloy | |
GB131299A (en) | Improvements in or relating to Aluminium Solders. | |
US2226549A (en) | Magnesium alloy | |
US1722358A (en) | Alloy and method of making alloys | |
US1407525A (en) | Platinum alloy | |
US2109117A (en) | Aluminium alloy | |
US1703577A (en) | Heinrich falkenbebg | |
US1941368A (en) | Nickel alloys | |
US2015499A (en) | Gold alloy | |
GB159008A (en) | Improvements in or relating to aluminium alloys | |
US2305825A (en) | Magnesium alloy | |
US1754364A (en) | Bearing metal | |
US2210309A (en) | Iron alloy suitable for electrical resistances | |
US2234572A (en) | Method and means for improving machinability of ferrous metals | |
US1975120A (en) | Alloy | |
US1360269A (en) | Hard lead alloy | |
US2063942A (en) | Aluminum alloy | |
US2070474A (en) | Zinc alloy | |
GB466675A (en) | Copper alloys | |
US1520254A (en) | Lead alloy and process for making same | |
US1984152A (en) | Alloy | |
US1939799A (en) | Lead of high resistance against the action of hot sulphuric acid | |
SU163757A1 (en) | DEFORMABLE ALUMINUM ALLOY | |
US1556953A (en) | Alloy |