US1806472A - Hair curling apparatus - Google Patents

Description

May 19, 1931. P. KUNlN'ET AL 1,806,472

HAIR CURLING APPARATUS Filed Aug. 23 1928 Patented May 19, 1931 warren s'rai'ras ra'reur QFFME PAUL KUNIN AND ISAAC E. MCELROY, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA; SAID MCELROY A SSIGNOR TO SAID KUNIN HAIR CUP-.LING APPARATUS Application filed August 23, 1928.

wave.

It is a further object to provide simple and eiiicient apparatus for curling human hair which will detachably clamp a lock of hair and cause the same to be quickly and evenly wound upon a curling rod by the easy nianipulation of a winding element engaging the rod.

It is another object of the invention to provide in apparatus of the class described, a 0 winding device co-operating with a curling rod which will quickly wind a lock of hair about the rod, progressing itself upon the rod when rotated, by its engagement with a lock of hair.

Another object is to provide a winding device of the class described, which will wind a lock of hair upon a rod, placing a uniform tension on the lock throughout its length regardless of the thickness of the look, within,

0 oi course, reasonable limits.

Another object is to provide apparatus of the class described, by which a lock of hair may be simultaneously wound about a curling rod and secured thereto in position for curling.

A stillfurther object of the invention is to provide a novel method for winding a lock of hair about a rod effecting a so-called permanent wave and simultaneously with said winding, retaining the lock or curl by applying a spiral or metal strip.

A further object is to provide in apparatus of the class described an efiicient clamping shield, adapted to be quickly and easily secured to looks of hair of various sizes within certain limits and carrying thereon means for quicklyconnecting therewith a curling rod, upon which the lock may be wound.

These and other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the fol- Serial No. 301,546.

lowing description made in connection with the accompanying drawings in which like reference characters refer to similar parts throughout the several views and in which:

Fl 1 i a side elevation of an embodiment oi? my clamping shield, shown aflixed to a lock of human hair adjacent the scalp;

ig. 2 is a similar view showing the shield applied to the hair and having the curling rod detachably connected therewith;

Fig. 3 is a side elevation showing the lock of hair wound about the rod by means of my improved winding element, said winding element being shown in retaining position after the lock has been wound in full lines, and being shown in initial or starting position to wind, in dotted lines;

Fig. t is aside elevation of a heating unit for steaming and drying the wound lock of hair having my apparatus releasably connected thereto, the rod and lock of hair being disposed therewithin;

Fig. 5 is a top plan view of a rod showing the yielding retaining means for releasably securing the rod, lock and shield to a tubular heater;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of my preferred winding element detached;

Fig. 7 is a plan View of one form of my clamping shield showing the pivoted sections in closed position in full lines and one of the sections in open position in dotted lines;

Fig. 8 isa cross section taken on the line 88 of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a cross seotiontaken on the line 99 of Fig. 7

Fig. 10 is a side elevation of my winding element detached showing the means for uniformly tensioning the hair during the winding thereof;

Fig. 11 is a bottom plan view of the same.

Fig. 12 is a top plan view of a slightly different form of clamping shield than that shown in Fig. 7; and

Fig. 13 is a side elevation illustrating the manner in which a strip of wire or metal foil may be wound conjointly with a lock of hair to secure the lock in coiled position with my apparatus.

As shown in the drawings, our apparatus includes a clampingshield which is adapted to be secured about a lock of hair adj acent' the scalp, comprising, as shown in Figs. 7, Sand Q-apair of hinged sections 13 and 14 respectively, said sections being of substantially arcuate shape and one thereof comprising a pair of similarly shapedzplates spaced a short distance apart'by suitable means, between which plates the. other or inner section 14 is adapted to pass when the device is closed. One of the sections, preferably the inner section 14 CEL'IHGSZ V an upstanding stud 15 which mayhave atransverse pin 16 passed therethrough if desired to assist in connecting said stud with a curling rod to be later described. Sections 13 and14 are hinged together at their inner and overlappingendseby suitable means, such as a pin 17, Theinarer'edgeof the section 13 has a portion substantially concentric with stud 15 an he inner section; 14 also has a portion of its-inner. edge adjacent stud 15 concentric "therewith togpermit a lock of hair to be .elampe'dbetweenl said opposing edges and to 'dra-wn' toward" and about stud "15. A

narrow up-standing flange l fia is provi ded' on the; iouter section disposed substantially concentric of stud 15 when the sections are in closed position, vthe purpose of which is to fiat againstthe surfaeeof the section13- g ggiwjglis provided with an operating prevent alocko-fhair from being disposed handle13b, while section 14 is provided with medal-ampere. members.

o t seetitm 13) is pivotally secured a pawl 18.

operating handle, .145, said handles being disp sed adjacent the respective outer ends of Betweenthe plates urged inwardly by suitable means, such as a small-leaf spring '19- disposed between the pi fl tesyandsaid pawl is adapted to engage teethjlita which may be formed on the outer edge of the inner section 14. The outer edge of seeti-oaM-i-s so ap d that when it is swung, any of theteeth 14a. will be properly p si ioned during, the cl ng morv t engage saidpawl. .Pawl 18 is providedwithjdrical curling rot-1 20 which is preferably of tubular structure and, of such dimension as to. sluice-lye fitoverthe stud 15-. If desired, the lower end of rod 20 may be slotted .as

shown in- Fi-g. r an enlargedporfion for-Intelin the slot adaptedtoaccommodate thelpin 165 onfstud By pushing the lower end of rod over stud 15, the slot being first alined with thepin 16,.it will be seen that themed; may besecured to, the clamping shield 7 extendingsubstantially normal thereto.

' proyide'a novelwinding element, 'des.-

ignated as an entirety by the letter W,wh-ich may be formed integrally comprising a tubumanipulation thereof. The tubular portion of my winding element 21 carries a spiral winding tongue '23 of considerable length curved 1n the manner of a sprlng harrow tooth about the tubular portion 21 andhaving an inclined spiral upper edge 23a, a V-shaped tip 23?) and a slightly inclined lower edge ing tongue 23 has at its upper edge a slightly declined slotted portion 23d, and immediately adjacent the closedend of slotted portion 23d abulgey, is tormedinthe body of the winding tongue which bulge in connection with slotted portion 23d has a very important functifi i to bejlater described. A yielding or resiti'ent tensioningelement is wound with the spiral tongue 23/, as shown, comprising a spiralsprmg 24, whlch may-be anchored at onc'end by means of a pin 25 to the body of tongue 23 and further anchoredat its tip 240 in a smallrecess in the tongue23. Spring 24 hasfa truespiral' upper edge 00 and extends about therear portion of the spiraltongue 23 -W11 in F 3iand'has a free and yielding inner end 246 which isdisposed below the tubular portion 21 of the winding element and projected slightly inwardly thereof adapted to engage the hair and apply a pressure or tension .to the hair in co-operation with the ed-'29.; i Y -WVl1'en the "lock of hair is completely wound upon the red, as shown in Fig. 3, our windmgdevice W may be left upon the rod if suflicient winding devices are provided for number of rods needed to wave a full head of hair and said winding devices will then retain the wound locks. The rod and clamping shield with the lock of hair there- 'onn ay be detachably secured within a suitable tubular heating unit, shown in Fig. 4. The heating unit-shown comprises a tubular 26 having super-imposed at the lower or intermediate portion thereof, an outer tubular casing and. between casings 27 and 26 an electrical heating. element 28 of suitable construction may be interposed. The rod 20-issomewhat longer than the tubular casing 26,and,has at its upper end a pair of curved spring retainers 20a, whichboth may be constructed-from a single piece of spring wire, as illustratedin- Figs. 2 and 5.

The retai-ning clips have arms extending upwardly froma centralloop portion which maybe fined'withinthe tubular rod 20 by means of; pin 20]). The.cli;ps terminate in outwardly curved portionswhich may project through small oppositely disposed slots 20c adjacent the upper end of the rod 20. The upper end of the heater casing 26Jis providedwith a diminished portion26a having 230. The inner and wider'end of the windno r lee

a central opening inthe upper endthereof through which the upper end of rod 20 may pass. Rod 20 is of such length that the retaining clips 20a may be forced inwardly when the upper end of saidrod is passed through said restricted end. Thereafter clips 20a will spring outwardly engaging the annular openingat the restricted end of a casing 26 and releasably securing the rod with a lock of hair thereon and the shield to the heating unit. When the rod is thus retainer the clamping shield will be disposed against the lower end of tubular casing 26. It is usually desirable to protect the scalp of the person treated by surrounding each lock of hair with a. soft disc 29 of felt or other material which will not conduct heat. This disc may be provided with a radially disposed slot extending to the central portion thereof and the lock is slipped through the slotted portion until itis disposed within the center of the disc.

In Fig. l a pad 30'for applying a moistening solution to the curl is shown wrapped about the lock of hair on the rod and having its upper and lower ends criinped against the rod. This pad may be of any suitable form, such as the pad disclosed in Patent No. 1,659,490, entitled Permanent wave pad, issued February 14th, 1928, to Paul Kunin, one of the joint inventors in this application.

In Fig. 12, a different form of clamping shield than that previously described is illustrated. This form comprises a pair of curved hinged sections 31 and 32, the outer section 32 of which may comprise a pair of similarly shaped plates disposed one above the other and spaced apart to permit reception of the inner section 31. Section 31 has a diminished inwardly projecting arm 31a shaped in such manner that it will always be disposed within and hidden by the spaced plates of section 32. Sections 31 and 32 are pivoted together by a suitable pin 33, which passes through the inner end of section 32 and the intermediate portion of section 31. The arm 31a of the inner section 31 is provided with a curved edge 31?) which may be notched for locking engagement with a pawl 34 pivoted between the spaced plates of section .32 and pressed by a suitable spring 35 into engagement with the teeth or notches on the edge 31b of section 31. An upstanding stud 36 .is carried by one of the sections, preferably the inner section 31 forsecuringone of the rods 20, and the edges of the section adjacent stud 36 are formed in the manner of the edges of the clamping shield illustrated in Fig. 7.. The form of clamping shield just described has an advantage over'the clamping shield shown in Fig. 7, in that the teeth or notched portions on the inner section are covered and entirely hidden by the outersection 32, thereby preventing strands of hair from engaging the teeth or notches. a

Operation The operation of our apparatus may be briefly stated as follows The clamping shield is first opened by releasing engagement of the locking pawl with the notches or teeth on the adjacent edge of the other hinged section and the shield is then placed around a lock of hair near the scalp and the sections pressed together. The spring pressed pawl engages in the teeth and by manipulation of the handles of the two sections the lock may be tightly clamped between the two sections and adjacent the upstanding stud. The curling rod 20 is next attached to the upstanding stud by alining the slots with the pin on the stud and the winding device W is slipped over rod 20 and positioned against the clamping shield. Upon rotation of the spiral winding device the elongated curved tongue 23 will surround the lock of hair it being impossible for any strands of hair to fall flat against the shield because of the narrow arcuate flange 13a adj acent the stud. As the spiral winding device is rotated the lock of hair is drawn inwardly by the inclined edge 23a of tongue 23, being compacted against the rod and subjected to the pressure of the resilient tensioning member 24. Tension is applied between the free end 245 of the tensioning member and the rod. The free end of the lock extends from the winding device through the slightly declined slotted portion 2365 (see Figs. 3 and 6) and is also engaged and effected by the bulge y adjacent the end of said slotted portion, as well as by the true spiral edge w of the spring member 24. The rotation of the device W causes the device to progress upon the rod through its engagement with the lock of hair. The base and relation of the bulge or enlargement 3 with the slot 23d determines the form of the coiled lock. Thus, the lock can be half twisted to form a so-called flat curl, or can be completely twisted as it is coiled about the rod. The bulge is spirally angled with relation to the tongue 23 and slot 23d. It is, of course, well known that the lock of hair diminishes inthickness at its outer end since some of the strands are longer than others and it is, therefore, necessary to apply the same tension throughout the length of the lock if the lock is to be properly wound upon the rod for waving. Because of the resiliency and construction of our spring tension member 24, a nearly uniform tension is maintained upon the lock throughout the length thereof and upon locks of different dimensions. The lock is thus evenly and perfectly wound upon the rod by the use of our winding device WV, and due to the tension and cooperation of the resilient member 24, the coils of hair will be formed in true spirals and will not bunch or pile up about each other.

In waving a head of hair, a plurality of rods, shields and heaters are used, each receiving and curling one look of hair. If windingdevices W are provided for all the rods theymaybe left on the rod after the hair 1 *5 is wound. to' retain the coil of hair. The rod,-

the curled lock and winding device may then be surrounded with a suitable permanent wave pad, such as thekind disclosed in said 7 UQS. Patent 1,659,490, andthe rod may be end of the rod passing through the diminished opening in the upper end of the heater and the springclips a releasably securing the rod, shield and curl within the tubular heater through their engagement with. the upper edge of the opening of the heater.

'From the foregoing description it will be seen that clamping shields unencumbered by the rods may be quickly andeasily clamped to the respective locks of hair adjacent the scalp without discomfo'rting the subject, the.

structure of said clamping shields rendering them adjustable to tightly clamp locks varying widely in thickness. It will be further seen that the rods 20 maybe quickly and easily connected with the studs 15 or 36 of the clamping shields, that by slipping the winding devices on the rods and twisting or rotating the devices W through a few rotations, the locks of hair will be perfectly wound for treatment on the rod; It is often the case that only'one winding device'W is supplied with a complete set of apparatus, including a plurality of rods,

clamping shields, and heaters and in this case,

it is necessary to remove the winding device from the rods after the locks are curled and consequently means'must be supplied ferretaining the coiled lock to-the rod. We have invented a new method for doing this, which method may be easily and quickly carried out by the use of our Winding element. As shown.

in Fig. 13, a strip or thin wirej'M of sonruejrelatively heavy material, which may be easily bentand which will tend to retain its shape, such as aluminum foil or some other metallic substance may be supplied and clamped, as shownin Fig. ,131with a lock of hair, by the clamping shield and extending along the lock of hair to be wound. The winding device is then applied-and will'wind with the lock, of hair the strip or wire of heavy material, this wire being super-imposed above the hair by the'jaction of thewinding device and being quickly formed in the shape of a spi'ral'coil firmly holding the hair coiled around the rod.

When the lock is completely wound the free end of the strip M may be completely wound by a few. additional rotations of the winding to the rod. 7 The strip or metallic wire may,

ofcourse, be wound about the curl manually- In new in the art to employ an elongated strip of inserted through thetubularheater, the upper device; The winding device may then be removed'and the coil of hair will be secured the rods and secured thereto readily forthe steaming and drying treatment within the tubular heaters. i

From the foregoing description it will be seen that we have invented a simple and highly efficient apparatus for curling and waving human hairadapted'to be used in connection with standardtypes of permanent wave 'machinery now on the market. With theuse of our apparatus a greatsaving may be made in time and labor and the locks of hair will be wound with a uniform tension to the very end of the lock. V 1

It will, of'course, be'understood that various changes'may be made in the form, de-

tails, arrangement and proportions of the parts without departing from the scope of applicants invention.

What is claimedisz; v

1. In apparatus for curling hair, a clamping shield comprising a pair of clamping sections having ends pivoted together, one of said sections having a slotted portion adapted to accommodate said other section when said sections are swung together, said slotted'section having a pawl and said other section having a plurality of locking elements engagable by said pawl to secure said sections together about a lock of hair in a variety of different .positions, one ofsaid sections being adapted to carry a curling rod, both of said sections having inner edges extending substantially concentric with said rod for acoommodation of a lock of hair and one of said sections having an upstanding flange disposed concentrically of said rod and'spaced therefrom when said sections aresecure'd together to prevent strands of hair from falling flat against the shield and a winding device comprising a spiral tongue rotatably mountedon said rod and adapted to cooperate with said upstanding flange to engage and wrap thehair about said rod when rotated.

2. In apparatus for curling hair, a curling rod, means adjacent one end of saidrod for detachably securing a lockfof hair'thereto, a

winding device-comprising a spiral tongue adapted to encircle-said rod and engage said lockof hairwhen rotated, said tongue having aninclined spiral upper edge and aresilient tensioning el'ement .comprising a winding device comprising a substantially annular portion adapted to encircle said rod, a spiral tongue rigidly connected with said annular portion adapted to encircle and engage a lock of hair when said winding device is rotated and a spiral shapedresilient plate connected at its outer end with the outer portion of said tongue and partially wrapped about said tongue and having its inner end disposed in a recess in said tongue positioned to engage said lock of hair and apply a substantially uniform tension thereon as said winding device is turned.

4. In apparatus for curling hair, a curling rod, means adjacent one end of said rod for detachably securing a lock of hair thereto, a winding device comprising a substantially annular upper portion adapted to surround said rod, a spiral tongue rigidly secured to said inner portion and having a free outer end adapted to encircle a lock of hair when the said winding device is rotated, said tongue having a spiral upper edge terminating in a slotted portion for confining and guiding the hair, said tongue having a recessed portion adjacent the inner and attached end thereof and a resilient plate se-. cured to the exterior of said tongue and spiraled therearound, the inner end of said plate being disposed in said recessed portion of said tongue and being free to press against the lock of hair to apply substantially uni.-

form tension thereon throughout the length of said lock.

5. In apparatus for curling hair, a curling rod having a tubular upper end adapted for insertion in a tubular heater, a resilient retaining element disposed within the tubular end of said rod and having a projection work- *0 ing through said rod, said projection being depressed upon insertion of said rod in said heater until it snaps past the inner end of said heater, then projecting to retain said rod.

6. In apparatus for curling hair, a curling 4;; rod having a tubular inner end adapted for insertion in a tubular heater, spring retaining elements anchored within the tubular end of said rod comprising individual springs having looped free extremities which project through slots in said rod, said projecting portions being engageable with the inner portion of said tubular heater to secure said rod in said heater.

7. The methodof preparing hair for permanent waving which consists in conjointly winding about a rod a lock of hair and an elongated piece of flexible material of a nature adapted to retain its shape when bent, said flexible material being wound outside of so the lock of hair to secure the same in coiled arrangement about the rod.

In testimony whereof we afiix our signatures.

PAUL KUNIN. c5 ISAAC E. McELROY.

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