US2260213A - Hair waving device - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 21, 1941.

A.- DAVIS 2,260,213

HAIR WAVING DEVICE Filed Sept 24, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 2 16.1.

FIG 3 FIG 4 -4 Z0 Z2 Z0 25 i FIG. FIG 6 50 Z/ Z0 5 M m A4 /c. 0/2 V/S.

INVENTOR.

ATTOH EYES.

Oct. 21, 1941.

A. DAVIS 2,260,213

HAIR WAVING DEVICE Filed Sept. 24, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS.

Patented Oct. 21, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HAIR, wAviNG DEVICE Alice Davis, Adams, Mass. Application September 24, 1940, SerialNo. 358,096

' 2Claims. (o1. 13 3) This invention relates to devices for the permanent waving of human hair and more particularly to devices for imparting waves in which both the spiral and Croquignole types of curls are combined.

There is an insistent demand for such combination waves, it being generally considered that the most satisfactory results are obtained when the spiral form of Wave is applied to the inner parts of the strands of hair, that is the portions lying closer to the scalp, while the Croquignole type of curl is imparted to the outer ends of the strands. Expedients thus far suggested for obtaining the desired result have been subject to certain disadvantages. Either they involved the use of complicatedand cumbersome apparatus, unsuited to the working conditions prevailing in the dressing of hair, or separate operations and different curling instruments have been required.

It is the main object ofthe invention to provide a simple and efiective'hair waving instrument of compact unitary form which will impart both spiral and Croguignole curls to a strand of hair in a single operation.

A further object is to provide a hair waving appliance comprising a single curling rod which lends itself to the production of a variety of combinations of spiral and Croguignole curls. Individual taste requires sometimes more and sometimesless of. the Croquignole type of curling in combination with varying amounts of spiral waving. It is an important feature of the invention that one and the same curling rod may be employed to produce a variety of effects of the kind indicated by simple variations of the manner of using it.

Another object is to improve the results obtainable by so-called machineless waving while substantially reducing the time required for heating the hair to set the waves.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear in the following description of a preferred embodiment thereof shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the device, assembled,

Fig. 2 is a dropped elevation showing the curling rod and its holder separated,

Fig. 3 is an end view of the curling rod,

Fig. 4 is an enlarged broken-off view of the curling rod, partly in longitudinal section,

Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4,

Fig. 6 is a brokenoff longitudinal section hereinafter compared with Fig. 4,

using the device to make combined Croquignole and'spiral curls.

The hair waving device shown in the drawings consists in general of a hair clamp or protector and a curling rod, the former serving as a supporting frame for the latter.

The hair clamp comprises rigid bars I, 2 hinged together at 3 and provided at their outer ends with hooks 4 and 5. A fastening link composed of plates 6 and I and spacer pins 8 and 9, is more or less permanently engaged at one end with hook 4 which is deeply slotted. The other end of the fastening link is adapted to be readily engaged or disengaged with the shallow hook 5 on bar 2 and an eccentric lever l0 pivoted on pin 9 cooperates in opening and closing the clamp in known manner. Bars l and 2 are preferably covered with sleeves H which may be made of rubber to provide a soft gripping surface. At either end of the clamp there are yokes l2 and I3 to serve as supports for the ends of the curling rod, as hereinafter described. Yoke l2 projects upwardly from the hooked portion 14 of bar I and yoke I3 is rigidly secured to upper plate 6 of the fastening link. This clamp, as thus far described, is not substantially different from others known to the art.

Referring now to the curling rod l5, it will be seen that it is provided with a spiral rib or worm I6 of sufficiently high relief to provide an adequate channel in which to form and hold a spirally curled tress of hair. Beyond the ends of the worm the rod 15 is left smooth for a short space to provide for formation of any desired number of Croquignole turns of the tress of hair, that is, turns which do not progress axially but wind successively one upon another.

On the right end of rod l5 there is a collar I1 having a diagonal notch l8 in which the end of the strand of hair may be caught to prevent unwinding of the coil. The end of the rod i squared to receive a wing nut l9.

At the left end rod I5 terminates in a cupshaped head 20 in which there may be seated a removable end plug 2|. The inner end of plug 2| is slotted at 22 to receive the end of a coiled spring 23 (Fig. 4) or spring 24 (Fig. 6), these springs being oppositely coiled and interchangeable. It will be observed that the diameter of these springs is such as to produce a snug fit with hollow head 20 and any relative rotary movement between the spring and head in one direction will tend to expand the spring, thereby increasing the frictional resistance to such rel- Figs. 7 and 8 are views showing two ways of ative motion, whereas movement in the other wind the curl.

secured to head 20 for a. purpose to be described.

The operation of the device, that is, the man' ner in which it may be employed to ,produce combination spiral and Croquignole waves, will.

now be described. The extreme end of a" strand of hair is first engaged under clan p -i'd, the; curling rod at the beginning of the operation being detached from the clamp if desired." The strand is then given ,several turns of Croquignole or superimposed windings on the smooth portion I of the rod and overlying clamp 25. Having completeda sufficient number of turns to produce the desired amount of C'roquignole effect, the strand isledinto the spiral groove formed by worm l6 and spiral winding is thereupon proceeded with. I The curling operations just described are preferably performed byythe operators fingers on the detached rod. The rod is then seated in the yokes on the clampwhich has previously been-clamped upon the strand of hair near the scalp. Rod I 5 is thereupon turned in counter-clockwise direction by means of wing nut [9 :which imparts tightness to the curl in both its Croquignole andspiral portions. With the method just described spring 24 (Fig.6) is is used to allow the clockwise tightening rotaetion of, the rod while preventing rotation of therod in the opposite direction which would un- A' second procedure of curling .may be employed, in which the spiral curl is formed first, beginning near the scalp, and a small Croquignoleis'added at the end of .the' strand. The

strand is applied .to the worm portion of the curling rod (Fig. 8), at any desired point, determined by the length of the strand and'lthe relative amounts of spiral andCroquignolecurling desired. Spiral; winding. is carried out to the end of the worm and the short remaining end of the strand is then wound upon itself in Croquignole fashion. A piece of crepe wool may then be blended into the extreme end of the strand and led into notch l8 to anchor the curl at that end. The clamping support is then applied to the strand near the scalp and the curling rod seated therein. Next, the curl is tightened by turning the rod in clockwise direction. In this operation the plug carries spring 23 (Fig. 4) which permits the rod to rotate in the clockwise direction but prevents counter-clockwise rotation.

When the combination curl is completed, heat is applied:to set the curl. For this purpose chemicalheating pads may be employed instead of the relatively expensive and time-consuming I, electrical ior machine heaters.

Heating pads, although preferred for economical ing reasons, have not heretofore produced l0nglasting wavesbecause the amount of heat delivered by such-pads is insilfiicient to thoroughly penetrate the thick mass of hair produced by previous waving methods, in which five or six inch strands are wound in theCroquignole form. Accordingto the present invention, a relatively thin mass of hair, produced by a few turns of Qroquignole winding, say, one to one and a half inches of strand, is subjectedito heating. The heat penetrates to the very end of thestrand and machineless? waving ismade practicable iorthe first time,

I claim: a

1. A hair waving device comprising a curling rod having, a worm on itsperiphery, said worm stopping short of each end of the rod to leave an uninterrupted winding surface at each end of said Worm. 2.'A hair waving. device comprising in combination a curling rodhaving a worm on its periphery, said'wormstopping short of each end of the rod ,to leave an uninterrupted winding surface at each end of said worm, means adjacent each of said uninterrupted Winding surfaces for anchoring a strand of hair, a frame rotatably supporting said. rod, and means for selectively preventing rotation of said rod in either, but only one, direction.

ALICE DAVIS.

and time-sav-

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