US1800803A - Automatic talking machine - Google Patents

Description

W. R. MOORE, JR

AUTOMATIC TALKING MACHINE .Apri114, 1931.

4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Feb. l5. 1927 April.14, 1931. w. R. MOORE, JR 1,800,803

AUTOMATIC TALKING MACHINE Filed Feb. 16, 1927 4 sheets-sheet 2 Pagg. 159

fag/ Mz /40 Y y ao: Haq

April 14, 1931. w. R. MOQRE, JR 1 ,800,803

AUTOMATIC TALKING MACHINE Filed Feb. 1e, 1927 4 sheets-sheet 5 Apnl 14, 1931.' w. R. MOORE, JR 1,800,803

AUTOMATIC TALKING MACHINE Filed Feb. le, 1927 n 4-sheetssneet 4 w. A Mm. mw

lulllllllllll mlliam B MoorgJn l tomatically stop d after pla i 5.0 thewtone arm and record,

Apr. 14, 193i -UNITED s 'lu'vrss` PATENT OFFICE man Y1 2.. moons, in.. or mmsrowu, mm1). Assrcnoa ro nuca-:Disc rnonocmn conm, or wanmsnono, PENNSYLVANIA, A ooaroaafrron or l' PENNSYLVANIA AUTOR-'IIC TALKING E appunti mea'rebmry 10,1931. semis. 138,074.

My invention relates to automatic phenol Figure 11, a vertical section through one graphs andit is an object thereof to provide Y an improved mechanism of this character which shall be capable of playing a series of I records continuously in a predetermined order and capable also of repeating the Vseries indefinitely in the same order if desired.

A further object of the invention is to provide means whereby the machine will be auying a given number of recor predetermined y a man ually operated selective control. For instance, if the indicator on the control is set at 5, the machine will play live records in succession and automatically -stop at the lcompletion of the fifth.'

Another object ofthe invention is to provide means whereby a record, or a part of a record, can be skipped without stopping the operation of the machine and without interrupting the music, except for so long. al time as is required for the record-changing mechanism to pass through a cycle of operations.'

Still another object is to provide means 25,' whereby records 'of diiferent sizes, e, g., either ten inch or twelve inch records mayl be played on the same machine. j

,Referring to the accompanying drawings which are made a part hereof and on which similar reference` characters indicate similar Figure 1 is an elevation of the lmechanism with parts broken away for clearer illustration,

Figure 2, a horizontal section on the line 2--2 of Figure l, s Y l y Figure 3, a detail horizontal section of one' ofthe switch elements,

Figure 4, a face view of the same,

vFigure 5, a plan view of the manually operated selective controller,

Figure 6, an elevation thereof,

Figurer7, a rside elevation of a circuitv rclosing switch operated by the tone arm,

Figure 8, an end elevation thereof, p Figure 9"a detail of the operating lever therefor, Y' Figure 10, a diagrammatic plan view of onection, as in co-pendingl of the record supporting members, u 1

Flgure 12, a diagram of the electric wirgfor supporting the record table,and Figure 18,l a section on line 18-18 of Fi e 17.

he mechanism of my invention comprises a frame lor spider 20 suitably secured b eneath a board or table 21 forming a part of three field pieces 22, 23 and 24 'and a disk v armature 25 which drives the turntable; 32 upon which is superimposed the record base 26 which carries the `records when bein pla ed. The disk 25 is mounted ona i tub ar s vaft 27 having a worm gear conapplication No. 53,190 of Bodwell and Be ows, filed August 28, 1925 for combined'talking machine and advertising device, with a centrifugal speed governor 28 shown in Figure 1.

.s lThe shaft 27 carries an inwardly projecting pin 29 adapted to-engage a vertical slot 30 in a -tubular bottom 31 of turntable 32 which bears beneath the record base 26 and rotates the same throu h frictional contact.

The slot 30 permits o free vertical movement of the tube 31 during the transfer of records by the action of a spring 32 in one direction and by the down pull ofy the record base 26 actuated by a spindle 33 which passes downwardly through the tube 31. Near its lower end the spindle"33 is provided with annular`ratchet teeth 34 for engagement by a pawl 35 slidable transversely o the spindle and having teeth at the left hand side for engagement with the teeth A spring spindle 33 and the record base have been lifted to their highest position.` The spindle 33 has an annular collar 40 `adjacent its lower end against which rests a spring 41 which has for its main purpose to lift the record base and the records thereon up against the fingers 92 hereinafter .described and to move the base upward upon release of the pawl 35 by the pin 37, such movement being reduced at each addition of a record while the base is taking on recordsby a distance-suiicient to compensate for the thickness of the additional record which has just been added to the record base and bring the playing surface of the topmost record on the base ofthe same height with reference to the needle, which remains always at the same horizontal elevation. v Another function of the spring is to lift the record base with all of the records thereon during the restoring operation to the proper height for restoring the records to a position' from' which they may again be selected and placed one by one on the record base as hereinafter described.

A vertical shaft 42 is journalled in a bear-` ing formed in the underside of one of the arms of the spider 20 and anotherbearing in a bracket 43 depending from said spider and has secured thereon adjacent its lower end, the cylindrical cam- 38. The shaft 42 is rotated by means of amotor'43' havinga worm 44engaging with a worm wheel45 loosely mounted on the shaft 42. A formed integral with the upper end of the hub portion' 47 of saidwheel 45 and drives one of a pair of twin gears 48 and 49 which are loosely mounted on an idle spindle secured to the frame. In order Ato provide a safety device to eliminate the possibility of stripping the teeth of gear 45 should any unfore' seenmishap occur, I mount the gear 48 on the shaft 50 in frictional engagement with two ISIS friction collars 48 and 49 held in engagement therewith by means of the ring nut 50 as shown in Fig. 13.` The gear 49 meshes with a larger ear`51 secured to th shaft 42.

' It will be rea ily understood lthat this train of gears will impart a steady and powerful rotation of the shaft 42 and its associated Cams. The cam 38 has also mounted thereon two circumferential switch-operating ele- -ments 52 and 53 constructed of heavywire and secured thereto by passing the. ends of the wires through openings in the cam body.

Shaft42 also carries: means for operating the mechanism for swinging the tone-arm 54` pinion `46 is- Secured to the upper end of the shaft 42 I is a cam 55 which controls the movement ofthe tone arm 54. In Fig. 1 the cam is .f

shown in the position assumed during the playing of a record, while in Fig. 2 it is in the position where the tone arm is moved out of the path of movement of the records.

As shown in F ig. 1, the mechanism is in the position to play a 12 inch record. The cam 55 is provided with a low surface 56, a 'quick rising surface 57 and a circumferential high surface 58. 'At' its extreme/lend the high 4 surfacel 58is divided intoi, two portions 59 and 60, of which the portion 59 extends'further out radially of the shaft than does the portion 60, the latter portion being below portion 59 in a vertical sense, said portions of the cam surface providing independent tracks for a purpose to be explained later.

The tone arm 54 has a vertical tubular 21 and has secured thereto an arm 61 provided with a central elongated slot 62 running prac.

from'the frame 20 is a fixed headed pin 65A upon which is slidably mounted a grooved sleeve 66 having secured to its upper surface aill arm 67- which is slotted at 68 to receive a depending pin 69 adjustably secured in the slot 62 of the arm 61. At a point on the arm 67 adjacent to and extending towards the cam 55 is a pointed finger 70 adapted at preportion 60 which extends through the table` determined times to coact with the various cam surfaces to move the tone arm.` The linger 70 together with the arms 61,and 67 are normally forced in the direction of the cam by means of a ligxht tension spring 71 secured at one end to t opposite end to the bracket 63. A rectangular block 72 is secured to the upgier side of the arm 67 and engages the end o a screw 73 carried by a bellcrank lever 74 which isf-fulcrumed on a pin 75 depending from the frame 20. The screw7 3 is held in engagement with the block -72 by means of a spring 76 secured e finger 70 and at its A to theopposite arm of the bell-crank lever 74 and to apin in theframe 20 .thereby preventing the arm- 67 from swinging toofar and also assisting'in holding the finger 70 in contact with the' cam surfaces, the tension exerted through the lever being'greater than that of spring 71.

The cam has two tracks 59 and 60 for the finger 70 to travel on, the upper track being followed when 12 inch records are being used and the lower track being followed when 10 inch records are being used. The change from one position to the other, as occasioned by the size ofthe record, is accomplished in the following manner.

The sleeve 66- as before mentioned is adapted to slide vertically on the pin and carries with it the arm 67. In order to change the. position of the sleeve 66 and arm 67, I provide a forked lever 77 pivoted in a depending lug 78 and having pins 79 in its forked portion engaging the groove in the sleeve 66. The free end of the lever 77 is pivotally mounted in a vertical plunger 80 slidable in a housing 81 secured to the table 21. A bell-crank lever 81 is pivoted in arms 82 formed integral with the housing and has one arm 83 pivoted in the plunger 80 and' its other arm extending upward through a slot in the table 21 and provided with a knob by which the lever 81 is manually operated. It will be readily understood from Fig. 1 of the drawings that movement of the lever 81 to the left will rock the lever 77 through its connection-with the plunger 80 causing the sleeve 66 and arm 67 to assume their lower position which will at the proper time cause the finger '70 to engage the cam surface or track 60 for a purpose to be more fully explained. In order to relieve the tension on the lever 74 when the device is set for playing 10 inch records, I provide a post 84 pivotally connected to the lever 77 said post having a large lower end 85 which engages the short arm ofthe lever 74 when the device is in a position to play 12 inch records, and at a higher point a smaller end 86 which is brought into engagement with the short arm of the lever 74 when 10 inch records are being played.

The record base may carry one or more records, the uppermost one being in playing relation with the tone arm. As the machine is intended to utilize a plurality of records in succession, it becomes necessary to provide means for supporting the records ofthe series that have been played. Such means, more fully illustrated and explained in application 53,190 above referred to, comprises a plurality' of posts 90 which are hollow and open at their inner side. Each post contains a pivoted support 91 U-shaped in section and carrying at its upper end a pointed finger 92 forv separating selected .records and limiting the upward movement of .the record base. A leafspring is provided at 93 said spring acting on the fiat rear end of the finger 92 to hold it normally in the position shown but with freedom to move angularly to a Slight extent during the record-separating action. Another support 94, also U-shaped in section, is pivotally mounted at 95, 'said sup ort comprising two sides separated to a slig textent. y

A lever 96 is located between the sides of the Ushaped support 94, said leverbeing supplied at its upper end with an inwardlydirected projection 97. At its lower end the lever has a tail 988 with a lug 99 extending downward therefrom and pressed against a stop 107-by a spring 100 which limitsinward movement of lever 96. A catch 101 has a hook portion extending through an opening in the support 94 for engagement with a cross piece 102 and the catch has aV lug 103 at its lower side adjacent to the upper side of the tail 98. A pin 104 limits the inward movement of the support 94. The supports 91 and-94 have upper and lower arms but for convenience their movements are referred to as outward and inward, reference being hadvfor this purpose to the upper arms only while the lower arms are ignored.

A cam lever 105 is pivoted on the support 91 between the sides thereof and is pressed upward and backward by a spring 10 coiled in a flat spiral. The cam face of the lever bears against the lower end of the lug 99 to hold the lever 96 at the most elevated position permitted by the pin and slot connection at 95. i The pin 107 on post 90 also limits the movement of cam lever 105 in one di rection and said pin also serves to force cam 105 at times into inoperative position. A stop 108 's fixed to the support 91 and bears at its forward end against adepressed part of the outer face of the lever 96, which holds top of saine back against `Support .94 when vthe finger 92 is out. A spring 109 is fixed at one end to the U-shaped support 91 between the sides thereof and is bent upward at its free end to engage against the rear face of the support 94. A pin 110 limits the inward movement of the upper end of support 94.

In Fig. 14, I illustrated a modified form of record supporting post which is similar in action to t e one just described, but which contains fewer parts and isvmuch less intricate. It comprises a hollow post 90 open at The l a l n o o its inner side and containing a pivoted supsupport 94.

hook portion of the catch 101 the cross piece 102 directed projection 97. At the extreme lowerend the lever 96 is provided with a pin over which passes a perforation in a spring 106 which spring tendsV to force the lever upward as shown. A catch 101 has a hook portion extending through an opening in the support 94 for engagement with a cross piece 102 on thesupport 94 and has an arm 103 extending from its under side with its end resting on a shoulder 105 formed on the lever 96 so that when thelever 96 is depressed, by virtue of records thereon, the will engage and cause the support 91 to swing. A stop 108 is fixed to the support 91 and limits the upward movement of the catch 101. A'spring 109 is fixed at Ione end to the U-shaped support 91 between the sides thereof and is bent upward at its Vfree end to engage against the lrear face of the A pin 110 limits the inward movement of fthe' upper end of the 'support 94. v

F ig.V of the drawings discloses a Adiagrammatic plan view of the tone arm and .reproducer in position on the record, also the playing groove 111 and ra'pid'advancegroove 112 of the record. During the'playing operation,- the reproducer and tone arm'advancein the direction of the arrow in Fig. 10 very slowly.` Vhen the end of the selection has been reached, the needle swings the tone. arm andthe arm 61 inward causing the screw 64 to engage a bevel portion 113 of a tripper y arm 114 (Figs. 2, 7, and 8) of an electric switch or contact device 115. This switch comprises two contact members 116 and 117 which are out of Contact during the playing'of a record andwhich are in series with the motor 43 which operates the cam 38. The tripper arm 114 is ulcrumed at `118 in the body of the switch and is provided adj acent the fulcrum with a `notch at 119 designed to support in elevated position a pivoted arm 120 which extends to a point directly above and adjacent the contact 117 for the purpose of closing the switch, to `be hereinafter more fully explained. The op vosite end of the arm 120 is pressed upwar s by means of a spring 121 located in an opening in the switch body and has in its extreme end an' adjustable screw 122 adapted to be acted upon by an arm 123 secured to one ofthe pivoted supports 91 t-oresetthe switch.A The arm `114 is normally retained in the elevated position shown in Fig. 7 by means ot a wire spring 124 clearly disclosed in 9.

Loca-ted on the depending bracket' 43 adjacent the cam 38 is an insulating base 125 upon which rare mounted switches 126 and 127. The switch 126 comprisesa stationary contact member 128 and a spring member 129. Said spring member is provided on its free end with an actuating' block 130 of insulating material designedb to coact with the escasos cam element 53 to open and close the contacts. The switch127 comprises an 'angl a larly disposed stationary member 131 an spring member '132 which is likewise provided on its free end with an actuating block 133 of insulating materialv designed to coact with the cam element 52, all to be hereinafter more fully explained.

It can be seen from the diagram,Fig. 12, that a main line control switch 134 is placed in the circuit of both motors, so that after the records are placed on the machine and the switch closed the machine will playT continuously. T is ma at times be objectionable and in order to have the apparatus play a predetermined number of'records and stop, I provide a selector control switch 135 in the circuit of the turntable motor as follows: A

knob (Fig. 6) 136 is provided on a shaft protruding downward through the table 21 and having a pointer 137 over a dial on the board. Said shaft vis fastened permanently to a ratchet wheel 138 which in turn is controlled by a coiled spring 139. An escapement pawl 140 pivoted as shown controls the return movement of the ratchet wheelg Contact elements 141 and'142, normally in contact, ex-

tend over the ratchet wheel and the element 141 projects within the path of movement of a pin 143 fixed Vto the wheel 138. The escapement pawl is provided with an extension 1 44 which lies inthe path of movement of an adjustable screw 145 (Figs. 2 and 5) secured inthe end of an arm146 depending from one of the pivoted supports 91 with the result that at the time of changing records, the arm 146 will trip the pawl 140 allowing the wheel 138 to revolve one notch in a cloc :wise direction. This action will continue in a step-by-step manner until the pin 143 on the wheel 138 strikes the protruding end of the element 141 and breaks the circuit to the motor. The escapement wheel may be provided with any numbemof teeth desired as only one record can be played for each tooth released b v the operator when he turns theknob136. For instance, should the knob be turned counter-clockwise five notches, ve l records will be played in succession and the machine will stop.

The diagram (Fig. 12) discloses the main line circuit wire 150 connected by a 'wire 151 through the switch 134 to the coils 22, 23 and 24 then by the wire 152 through'the contact 141 to contact 142, and then through wire 153 back to the main line wire 154. This circuit drives the turntable motor continuously as long as the contacts 141 and l42are closed.`

The circuit for the motor 43 comprises a wire ,tapped intowire 151 and connected to one side of the motor. From the other side of the motor a wire 156 is connected to the contact 129 vthen through wire 157 to contact 116. Another wire 158 is tapped'into wire 153`and connects to contact 128 then by the wire 159 to the contact 117. It is to be understood that while a record is playing, the switch 135 comprising contacts 141 and 142 is closed supplying current to the turntable motor, while theswitchesv 126 and 127 and also the contacts 116 and 117 are open.

The operation of the device is as follows:

The records, say ten in number are placed one on the record base and nine on the supports 94 of the posts 90 and the knob 136 is turned ten notches permitting the contacts 141 and 142 to close the circuit at this point, then the closing of the switch 134 applies current to the turntable motor. The tone arm moves towards the center of the record as the record is played and is finally carried in quickly by the rapid advance groove 112 which closes the contacts 116 and 117 causing motor 43 to start, which through the connecting mechanism, revolves the cam 38 causing the turntable and record base to be lowered and at the same time causes cam 55 to move the tone arm away from the records and starts the record base to rise to beneath the block 130 and closed xthe contact between switch 128 and spring 129 hereby maintaining the circuit for the motor 43 until the record-change is completed. At the same time the arm 146 on another support 91 makes contact with the pawl mechanism of the escapement (Fig. 5) allowing the ratchet to advance clockwise one notch and leaving the contacts 141, 142 closed.

The continued operation of the motor 43 causes the transfer of another record to the record base which again moves to al level below the playing level allowing the cam 55 to move the tone arm into the laying position and again raise theprecord ase and record into contact with the needle in the reproducer. During this operation the turntable motor has been constantly revolving, but I have found that the additional friction caused by the initial contact of the needle with the record causes a slightdiminution in the speed of therecord, therefore to overcome this objection, I find it necessary to boost the current in the motor by momentarily bridging one of the field coils out of circuit. This I acconiplish by providing a wire 161 leading from the outlet side of the coil 24 to a contact 131. These contacts are normally open but just before the needle is applied to the record, the switch-operating cam wire 53 raises the block 133 closing the circuit through switch members 131 and 132 momentarily and allowing all of the current to pass through the coils 22 and 24 which produces an additional torque in the turntable motor su`f.

tions will continue until the pin 143 finally l opens the circuit in the control switch and so stops the turntable motor.

It may be that one cf the series of records does not meet with the favor of the audience In such case it may be omitted either wholl or in part by depressing a shaft 162 (Fig. 7g' projecting up through a boss on table 21, said shaft having a bent arm 163 resting on tripper arm 114. This depresses the tripper arm and releases arm 120 closing the circuit at 116, 117 to start the record-changing mechanism which will then bring. the next record into operation as above explained.

. In case continuous operation is desired the selector control switch 135 (Fig. 5) may be rendered inoperative by means of a switch 164 in a branch circuit (Fig. 12) bridging the switch 135.

By the use of the induction motor, as above described, it `will be understood that the movement of the record base can be arrested temporarily without any need to cut off the current to the motor, and Without any danger of injury to the motor through failure to cut o the current as aforesaid. Users of a talking machine frequently ,interrupt the opera- -tion of the machine by graspin the turntable andr holding it against the actlon of the motor. This would tend to burn out a part of the wiring in a machine driven by an electric motor of a different type but with an induction motor no damage can result. The use of the induction motor is also advantageous in that it affords avery smooth and uniform drive for the record while the provision of a separate motor for the record-changing mechanism permits me to employ a motor of relatively great torque for actuating said mechanism, which last named motor would be less suitable for driving thc turntable because `of the necessity of a reducing train of gearing and a less even and uniform drive for the turntable. y

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made in my device, without departing from the spirit of my invention, and I, therefore, do not limit myself to what is shown in the drawingsV and described in the specification, but only as set forth in the appended claims. l

Having thus fully described my said invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. The combination of a rotating record base, an induction motor for driving the same, means for supporting a stack of records, automatic means for shifting records from the base to the stack and Vice versa whereby the talking machine maybe operated continumeans for supporting a stack of records, au-y aoA tomatic means for shifting records from the base to the, stack and vice versa whereby the talking machine may be operated continuously, means including an escapement for selectively predetermining the number of records to be played, and means for putting said predetermining means out of action thereby causing the operation to be continuous, substantially as set forth.

3. The combinationvof a rotating record base, an induction motor for 'driving thcsame, means for supporting a stack of records, automatic means for shifting recordsy from the base to Athe stackpand vice versa `whereby the talking machine maybe operated continuously, means including an esf` capement kfor selectively predetermining the number of records to be played, and means in connection with the record-shiftingmeans for 'actuating the` escapement aty each change of records, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination of a rotating ,record base, an induction motor for driving the same, means for supporting a stack of records, automat1c means for shiftingrecords from the base ,to thestack and yvice versa whereby the talking machine may be operated continuously, means including an escapement for selectively predetermining the number of records to be played, means in connection` with the record-shifting meansfor actuating the escapement ateach changeof records, and aswitch incircuit with said -induction motor operableby said escapement at the zero point. substantially as set forth.

,5. The combinationof a rotating record base, an induction motor for driving the-same, means for supporting a stack of records,- automatic means for shifting records from thebase to the stack and'vice Versa' .whereby the talking machine maybe operated continuously, means including anv escapement for selectively predetermimng the number of records to be played, means in connection `with the record-shifting means for actuating the Vest escapement at each change of records, aswitch in circuit with said induction motor operable by lsaid escapement at the zero point and another ,switch in a branch of the motor circuit bridging vsaid first-namedy switch, subst-antiallyas setforth. l

6. In combination with a talking machine havlng a rotating recordbase and a tone arm, Imeans for supporting a stack of records, rec- `ord-cl'lhanging means, means for moving the tone,arm out of the way during a recordchanging operation and in to various distances according to the size of the record comprising acam `with tracks diierentiatedaccording to the size of the records, connections` from the cam toithe tone arm including a cam follower,means whereby the cam followen may be shifted from one trackto the other, and means acting resiliently to hold the cam followeragainst said cam, substantially as set forth.

8. In combination with a talking machine having a rotating record basel and a tone arm, means for supporting a stack of records, recordfchanging means/means for moving the tone arm outl of the wayduringa recordchanging` operation andy intov various distances according to the size of the record comprising a cam with .tracks differentiated according to. the size of the records,l connections from the camto the tone larm includmg a cam follower, means whereby-the cam follower may be shifted from one track to the other, means acting resiliently to hold the cam follower aga-inst saidcam,'and means whereby 'thetensionof said resilient means may be varied according tothe size of the record, substantially as set forth.

9. In combinationwith a talking machine Y having a rotating record base andra tone arm, means for' supportmg a stack of records, record-changing means, means for moving the tone arm outof the way during a recordchanging operation and in to .various distances according to the sizeof the record comprising acam withtracks differentiated according to the size ofthe records, connections from the cam to the tone arm including a cam follower, means .whereby the cam fol- -lowermay be shifted from one track to the 1 other, means acting resiliently to hold the cam Afollower: against said cam, and means whereby the tension of such resilient means .Y is adjusted automatically in changing the v follower' 'from one track tothe other to accommodate it to the size of the record, substantiallyas set forth.

10. The combinaionof a talking machine having a rotating record base, means for supporting a stack of records above said base,y automatic vmeans for shifting records from the record base to the stack and vice versa and manually operable means whereby the record-changing means maybe set in operation during the playing of a. record, substantially as set forth.

Iii

11. The combination of a talking machine having a rotating record base and a tone arm, a motor for driving the record base, means for supporting a set of inactive records, means for shifting a record from the record base to the inactive set including a rotary cylindrical element having a cam track,` a motor for driving said shifting means, means operated bythe tone arm for closing the circuit of the last-named motor, a switch operated to break said circuit in the operation of said record-shifting means, a switch in a branch circuit bridging said first-named switch, and a cam on said cylindrical element for closing said last-named switch before the first switch is closed, said cam maintaining its switch closed until the record-shifting operation is completed, substantially as set forth.

12. In a talking machine, a tone arm, a rotating record base combined with means for supporting and driving the same including an4 induction motor, record-changing means, means for removing the tone arm prior to record-change and replacing it on the new record, and means for imparting additional torque to the turntable as the needle of the tone arm impinges on the record, substantially as set forth.

13. In a talking machine, a rotating recordA base, a tone arm, an induction motor for driving the record base, record-changing means including means forA removing the tone arm from playing position and returning it thereto, and means for boosting the current in the motor as the needle of the tone arm impinges on the new record, substantially as set forth.

14. In a talking machine, a tone arm, a rotating record base, an induction motor driving the record base,y said motor having a plurality of field coils, record-changing means including means for removing the tone arm and returning it to playing osition on the new record, and means for ridging-4 a field coil as the needle of the tone arm impingls on the new record, substantially as set ort 15. In a talking machine, a tone arm, a rotatinlg record base, an induction motor driving t e record base, said motor having a plurality of iield coils, record-changing means including lmeans for removing the tone arm and returning it to playing position on the new record, a rotary cylindrical element in said record-changing means having a cam track -for lifting the record base, a branch circuit bridging one of said field coils, a switch in sald ridge circuit and a cam on said cylindrical element for closing said lastnamed switch to bridge the coil momentarily as the needle of the tone arm impinges on the record, substantially as set forth.`

16. In a talking machine, a rotating record base, a continuously driven motor for operating the same, a tone arm, recordposition'to start the motor and being opened v by the record-changing means, a switch in a branch circuit bridging the first-named switch and means on said cam for controlling tfhe Illast-named switch, substantially as set ort 17. In a talking machine, a rotating record base, a continuously driven induction motor with a plurality of field coils, a tone arm,

record-changing means including a rotary 1 cam, a motor for operating the record-changing means and for moving the tone arm into and out of o erative position, al switch in the circuit oi) the last-named motor, said switch being closed by the tone arm in its innermost position to start the motor and being opened by the record-changing means, a switch in a branch circuit bridging the lirst-named s itch, a branch circuit bridging one of said field coils, and means on said cam'for controlling the switches of both of said bridging circuits, substantially as set forth. v

18. In combination with a talking machine having a rotating record base and a tone arm, means for supporting a stack of records, record-changing means, means for movin the tone arm out of the way during a recor changing operation and in to various distances according. to the size ofthe record, resilient means tending to return the tone arm to playing position, and means for varying the action of said resilient means to a predetermined extent according to the size of the record, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my handat aynesboro, Pennsylvania this 15th day of February, A. D. nineteen hundred and twent -seven.

- IAM R. MOORE, JR.

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