US1800652A - Loom shuttle - Google Patents

Description

Apr 1931. R. H. MORE 1,800,652

LOOM SHUTTLE Filed D60. 11. 1929 Patented Ar, id, 1%

RAULSTON H. MORE, OF SUN BURY, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIG'NOR T SUSQUEHANNA SILK MILLS, 0F SUNBURY, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK LOOM SHUTTLE Application filed December 11, 1929. Serial No. 413,382.

This invention relates to loom shuttles and has for its principal objects the provision of a new and improved form of thread block which will facilitate the delivery of thread a from the shuttle and avoid any possibility of the yarn or thread becoming entangled as the result of the operations incident to the re placement of the bobbin.

A further object of the invention is the to provision of a thread block which is so con structed as to prevent excessive wear of the component parts thereof as the result of frictional resistance to the passage of the thread through the block.

115 It is customary to maintain a uniform tension on the thread during delivery thereof, this tension being usually obtained by providing means within the thread block yieldingly held in frictional engagement with the w thread. As will be readily understood, this means is worn or cut rapidly by the thread as the result of such frictional engagement, and :frequent replacement of such means with consequent expense and delay in the operation of the loom is unavoidable. This is particularly true with thread guides of the conventional type in which it is found that the thread engages with a limited area only of the friction developing surface of the tensioning device and forms a well defined cut or groove therein which lessens the efliciency of the device and results in damage to the thread.

In order to avoid such excessive wear of this portion of the thread block, the present invention contemplates such alteration of the existing types of blocks as will ensure the engagement of the thread over a considerable area of the tensioning device by providin for the continual shifting of the position 0 the thread as it passes across the friction developing surface of the device. The life of the device in question is thereby considerably prolonged, and the formation of grooves and cuts therein which may wear and fray the thread is thus avoided.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a tensioning device which is somewhat loosely su ported in the thread block and to materia y reduce the wear on the supporting parts of the block due to movement of the device therein during the feeding of the thread.

A still further object is the provision of a novel and simple means for accurately adjusting the tension of the thread durin feeding thereof, and which may be readi y and securely locked in position after the proper adjustment has been effected.

Further objects and features of the invention will be apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure l'is a plan view of the thread delivery end of a loom shuttle with a thread block embodying the principles of the present invention in position therein;

Figure 2 is a side elevational view corresponding to Fig. 1;

Figure 3 is a sectional view on the line 33 of Fig. 1;

Figure t is a sectional view on the line H of Fig. 3; and

Figure 5 is an enlarged perspective view of one element of a thread tensioning device for use in the thread block.

Referring to the details of the drawing which serve to illustrate one embodiment of the present invention, it will be seen that the usual shuttle body having a tip 12, a thread depression 13, and a bobbin opening 14 carries a thread block 15 adjacent the thread delivery end thereof. The thread block 15 may be positioned in the shuttle body in any convenient way, for instance, by means of a pin 17 formed integrally with the block and seating in an aperture in the body. A bolt 16 passing through the body and block may be provided to retain the block securely in position, the particular method of securing the block in place constituting no part of the present invention.

llhe thread block is constructed for the most part in the conventional manner, and it will be understood that the thread on leaving the bobbin 20 is guided through the eye 21 in the entrance portion 24 of the thread block 15, is frictionally retarded by the tenaioning device 22, and passes out at the de- 1% gularly livery opening 23 defined by the wear piece 25 and the horn 26.

The tensioning device, which is positioned at the extreme rear end of the block for a purpose to be hereinafter described, consists of a pair of oppositely positioned elements 30 having fiat facing surfaces 31 adapted to frictionally engage the thread which passes therebetween. A pin 33, extending transversely of the thread block and through the ears 32 of the elements 30, serves to retain the latter in position in the block and permits movement of the elements toward and away from each other. A wing 36, provided at the upper end of each element 30, projects into a corresponding recess 38 in the thread block and has a loose fit therein to afford freedom of movement in some degree to the element.

Tensioning devices of this character, similar to that so far described, have been used heretofore, but it is found that the vibration which the movement of thethread impart-s to the elements 30 causes excessive wear of the walls of the recess 38, since the thread block is normally made of brass or other relatively soft metal. The present'invention contemplates the substantial elimination of this undue wear by the provision of a steel liner or bushing 39 in each such recess, this liner conforming closely to the walls of the recess and being preferably secured thereto, for instance by brazing.

The means foreifecting adjustment of the elements 30 to increase or decrease the tension of the thread will now be described with particular reference to Fig. 4 of the drawing. It willbe observed that the opposite sides of the thread block 15 are provide with threaded apertures 40, each aperture receiving a corresponding set screw 41 having a slotted head 43 to facilitate turning thereof. The inner-end of each set screw 41 is preferably recessed as at 45 to receive a headed pin 48 and a spring 49, the latter serving to urge the pin against the corresponding element 30.

By adjusting the set screws 43, the tension of the springs 49 may be increased or decreased, and-the degree of frictional engagement between the elements 30 and the thread may be correspondingly regulated with precision. Each set screw 43 is provided with a lock nut 51 which may be tightened to retain the set screw in position after the adjustment has been effected.

On referring to Figure 3 of the drawing, it will be noted that the elements 30 are ansupported in the thread block as regards the direction of their length with respect to the direction of movement of the thread, theleading edges of these elements being inclined rearwardly of the block from the lower to the winged portion thereof. The object of so inclining these catches in the tensioning loose end of the thread may elements 30 is to promote a vibratory movement of the thread during its passage through the tensioning device, it being found that the thread is thus caused to move rapidly up and down, thereby distributing the wear over a considerable portion of the engaging surface of the elements '30. The tendency ofthe thread to shift its position in the tensioning device is further increased by positioning the device to the extreme rear of the thread block 15 adjacent the eye 21. The thread leaves the bobbin from the upper and lower sides thereof in succession during the operation of unwinding, and it will be readily appreciated that the angular movement in a vertical plane of that portion of the thread between the bobbin and the tensioning device will be greater as the distance between the bobbin and the tensioning device is lessened with the result that in the construction described herein a substantial vertical movement is imparted to the thread as it passes through'the tensioning device.

It is a common expedient to provide means for automatically replacing an unwound bobbin with a fresh bobbin without interrupting the operation of the shuttle, the old bobbin being thrust downwardly and a new one inserted in a manner which is well known in the art, the specific means for effecting this change forming no part of the present invention. The loose end of the thread has a tendency to curl and frequently tangles and device, particularly when crepe thread is being used. These loose ends are then broken off and carried into the fabric with the thread from the new bobbin with resulting impairment of the unid formity of the product. This defect is overcome in the present construction by providing for the release of the loose end of the thread from the tensioning device.

For thispurpose the entrance portion is slotted below the eye 21 as shown at 60, one end of this slot communicating with the eye and the other end being open, so that the fall downwardly through the slot. By referring to Figures 3 and 5 of the drawing, it will be noted that the ear 32 of each element 30 is depressed slightly with respect to the thread engaging face of the element so as to permit the thread to pass through the gap thus provided between the ears 32, the pin 33, and the body portions of the elements 30. It will thus be apparent that the loose end ofthe thread may fall into this gap and be entirely free from the action of the tensioning device, thereby avoiding any possibility of entanglement and breakage of the thread. .The dropping of the loose end of the thread is facilitated to some extent by the above mentioned operation of automatically replacing the bob bin, the downward thrust of the old bobbin assisting in carrying the thread through the slot 60 and beneath the thread engaging surfaces of the tension member, The pin 17 is preferably provided with a hardened wear plate over which the thread may be carried during normal operation of the shuttle and while the loose end of the thread is being withdrawn.

It will be appreciated that the thread block disclosed herein offers distinct advantages over thread blocks heretofore used, particu larly with regard to the length of life of the component parts thereof and the freedom with which the thread may pass through and be released from the block. These advantages are obtained by the application of the principles of the present invention and are not limited to the details of construction described and illustrated herein, it being understood that such modifications thereof are contemplated as fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. In a loom shuttle, the combination with a thread block, of a non-rotatable thread tensioning device of the clamp type carried by said block for frictionally engaging the thread, the forward edge of said tensioning device being disposed at an acute angle with respect to the general direction in which the thread passes therethrough.

2. In a loom shuttle, the combination with a thread block, of a non-rotatable thread tensioning device of the clamp type carried by said block, said device including a pair of elements having opposed flat surfaces for frictionally engaging the thread therebetween, said elements being disposed transversely of the thread and being inclined in the direction of movement thereof. whereby acontinual vibratory movement of the thread across the flat surfaces of the elements is promoted. a

3. In a loom shuttle aving abobbin, the combination with a thread block, of a thread tensioning device mounted in said block and comprising a pair of elements having opposed faces adapted to frictionally engage the thread therebetween, said elements having spaced portions adjacent their lower ends so as to permit the thread to pass freely between the same, the thread being unsupported forwardly of the space so formed and in the di rection of the bobbin recess, whereby the loose end of the thread from an exhausted bobbin on leaving the shuttle will be drawn from between said opposed faces and pass out freely.

4. In a loom shuttle having a bobbin, the

combination with a thread block, of a thread a tensioning device comprising a pair of elements yieldingly urged together and provided with opposed faces for frictionally engaging the thread therebetween, said elements being supported in said block at their lower ends and having spaced portions adjacent their point of support to permit the thread to pass freely between the same, the thread being unsupported between the bobbin recess and the space so formed whereby the loose end of the thread from an exhausted bobbin on leaving the shuttle will be drawn from between said opposed faces and pass out freel 5. In a loom shuttle having a bobbin, the combination with a thread block, of a thread tensioning device comprising a palr of elements yieldingly urged together and provided with opposed faces for frictlonally engaging the thread therebetween, sald elements being provided adjacent thelr lowerends with ears disposed outwardly of the opposed faces to provide aspace therebetween, the thread being unsupported between the space so formed and the bobbin recess and a pin supported in said thread body and passing through said ears whereby the loose end of the. thread will be drawn between said ears and pull out freely over said pin.

6. In a loom shuttle having a bobbin, the combination with a thread block, of a thread tensioning device mounted in said block and comprising a pair of elements having opposed faces adapted to frictionally engage the thread therebetween, said elements having spaced port-ions adjacent their lower ends so as to permit the thread to pass freely between the same, said thread block being provided with an entrance portion having an ear through which the thread may pass, a slot above said ear for the introduction of the thread, and a slot below said ear to permitthe thread to pass from said entrance portlon, whereby the loose end of the thread on leaving the unwound bobbin will fall from said ear and from between said opposed tensioning faces and be drawn out freely.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my signature.

RAULSTON H. MORE.

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