US1794555A - Fuel-injecting apparatus for internal-combustion engines and the like - Google Patents

Description

Math 3, 1931. c. F. SJOMAN ET AL 1,794,555

FUEL INJECTING APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGII IES AND THE LIKE Filed April 2, 1921 I Patented Mar. 3, .1931

CARL FRITZ SJGMAN AND CARL GUSTAF PETTJERSSON,

OF STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN, AS-

SIGNQRS TO J. 8:; C. G. BQLINDERS MEKANISKA VERKSTADS AKTIEBOLAG, OF STOCK- -HOLM, SWEDEN, [3. CORPORATION FUEL-INJECTING- APPARATUS F, IlEPlJTa"RENAL CCllCEBUSllIfll' ENGINES AND THE LIKE Application filed April 2, 1921, Serial No.

ing of the fuel is essential particularly when the motor is being started, or is running idle, that is to say when the walls of the ignition chamber have a comparatively low tempera- ,ture. If the load on the motor is normal or high, the walls of the ignition chamber being then intensely heated, spreading of the fuel is required only in a lesser degree, or, perhaps not at all.

Nevertheless it has not been possible heretofore to use anything but the same degree of spreading in all instances, and consequently it has been necessary, in the case of a high or even normal load on the motor, to cool the walls of the ignition chamber either by providing the chamber with a cooling jacket, or by injecting water together with the fuel into the ignition chamber. However, this cooling is often not sufficient to avoid the drawbacks caused by the increased heating of the ignition chamber, and it will be found particularly diflicult to keep the ignition chamber with a high degree of spreading at the start or when the motor is running idle, the spread ing being then, for example, effected at an angle up to 90, whereas, when the motor is running at the normal or a high load, the spreading angle may be reduced to 15, or be entirely eliminated, so that the fuel will be introduced into the ignition chamber a, straight jet.

$58,158, and in Sweden January 22, 1921.

Thus the invention is acterized by the apparatus required for the injection being so devised that the spreading of the fuel may be varied,for instance in accordance with the varying load on the motor. H i

The invention is carried into effect in the most eficient, way by the employmentof a spreading member which is provided with a hollow on the inside of the nozzle outlet of the in ecting apparatus and substantially tangentia-l'channels leading to the said hollow, which channelsimpart a powerful rotational impulse to the fuel when it is led into the hollow. I By making the said member displaceable or rotary, in accordance with the invention, so that the fuel-may be introduced into the hollow in some other way'than through the tangential channels, or, in other words, so that the fuel flows past the the desired result is obtained, namely that the fuel is introduced into the hollow without a rotational impulse, and consequently leaves the nozzle outlet without rotating. However, the rotation and the spreading may be maintained to a certain degree by adjusting the adjustable part of the nozzle only so much as is necessary to allow part of the fuel to pass through the tangentialchannels, while the remaining portion flows past the same.

The accompanyingdrawing illustrates an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 1 is a 1011- gitudinal section of a fuel injecting apparatus arranged according to the invention. Fig. 2 is an elevation of the adjustable member devised in accordance with the invention. Fig. 3 is an endwise view ofthejsame member. Fig. 4 is a section illustrating the position of the adjustable member after the adjustment wherein the fuel is not actuated so as to be rotated.

According-to the drawing, the injecting apparatus consists of an outer sleeve-like portion 1 havinga supply 2 from a fuel tank arranged at the side thereof. Centrally arranged within the sleeve 1 is the spindle 3 the diameter of'which is so dimensioned as to leave a free space around the spindle between the latter and the sleeve. The spindle is adapted to'be screwed the sleeve and principally chartightly spreading thereof.

is provided at its inner end with a cylindrical enlargement 5 bearing snugly against the inside of the sleeve, the plane end surface of the said enlargement abutting tightly against the bottom 6 of the sleeve. Arranged in the said bottom 6 is the nozzle outlet 7. Provided in that surface of the cylinder 5, whichabuts against the bottom 6, is a hollow or cavity 8 having two tangentially arranged channels 9 leading thereto, the said channels 9 communicating with channels 10 provided in the cylindrical surface of the member 5 and communicating with the passage 11.

As long as the spindle assumes the position according to Fig. 1 with the member 5 bearing forth through the channels 10 is forced into the tangential channels 9 which impart a rotary motion to the fuel, whereby the latter is spread whenbeing forced out through the nozzle outlet 7. The maximum degree of spreading preferably takes place at an angle of 90.

If the spindle 3 is screwed so that the end surface of the member 5 is removed from the bottom 6, the fuel is allowed to freely pass into the chamber between the member 5 and the bottom 6 and the nozzle outlet- 7 without having to be forced through the tangential channels, and consequently the fuel is not caused to rotate, and there is no spreading of the same, or, at any rate, only a reduced If the spindle is adjusted so that the distance between the bottom of the sleeve and the member 5 leaves room only for part of the fuel, while the remaining portion of the fuel has to pass through the tangential channels, the result will be a reduced rotational action and a spreading which is decreased correspondingly. It may be found suitable to maintain such a reduced spreading also when the motor operates nornially, the spreading angle being then preferably 15.

As set forth, the device may be made in various ways, and among these the following may be given as an example. Thus the member 5 of the spindle may, if'desired, be rotatable instead of axially displaceable, the said member 5 then in the one extreme position communicating through channels with such other-channels leading to the outlet 7 asv may impart a rotational impulse to the fuel, in order to spread the same, whereas in the other extreme position the channels of the member 5 communicate with such channels leading to the outlet that cannot bring about any rotation of the fuel.

What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States 1s:+

A fuel injecting apparatus for internal combustion engines including a sleeve having a closed end provided with an outlet opening and. defining an internal shoulder, a sprayagainst the bottom 6, the fuel pressed

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