US1136818A

US1136818A - Fuel-gasifier for internal-combustion engines.

Info

Publication number: US1136818A
Application number: US8256?414A
Authority: US
Inventors: Harry Ferdinand Leissner
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Publication date: 1915-04-20
Anticipated expiration: 1932-04-20

Description

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HARRY FERDI'NANMLEJISSNER., OF I/iJUSNE, SVJEILEN.V

FUERGASEIER FOR NTERNAL-COMUSTIGN ENGINES.

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Specification of Letters Patent.

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appunti@ fue@ March 1s, 1914. serial no. 825,654.

T0 al? whom 'it may concern l Bc it known that l, HARRY FERDINANn Lcrsstv'nn, a citizen ot the Kingdom of Sweden. residing at Ljusne. Sweden, have invented new and useful improvements in l `uelGasiiiers for internal-Combustion Engines, of which the iollowing is a specification. The present invention relates to internal combustion engines of the kind in which liquid fuel, especially heavy hydrocarbons, as for instance rrude naphtha, is used Aand in which the ignition of the fuel is eected by compressing the combustion air to the teniperatm'e of ignition ot `the fuel, while the combustion of the fuel takes place in two stages, viz. on the one hand, during a prexplosicn effected in a primary explosion chamber at vor immediately before the beginning ot the, working stroke and serving to introduce the fuelinto the combustion chamber proper, and to spread it in the same,

and, on the other hand. during a complete combustion of the fuel effected in the said combustion chamber at the beginning of the working stroke. rfhe invention has for its principal object to force out in a reliable manner all the fuel from the primaryfexplosion chamber into the combustion chamber-and to equalize the pressure therein. Y

The invention comprises, in the tistinstance, a rdivision of the primaat;r explosion chamber into two compartments, one ot which is located opposite the vfuel nozzle and communicates'with the combustion chamber through onel or more channels7 while thc other compartment communicates with thel irstnamed compartment through one or more channels, the sectional area oi which vis less than' the sectional area of the channel or channels connecting the lirst'named compartment with the combustion chamber.

The invention further comprises such dimensioningl of the channels connecting the compartments of the primary explosion chamber with' caca other in relation to the channels connecting the primary explosion chaml 'with the .cylinder or combustion chamber. that the sectional arca of the first' named channels relatively to the sectional ofthe, latter channels is only of such a size that all the fuel injected into 'the outer compartment ot the. primary explosion chamber will be completely consumed7 even at thev highest load of the-engine, by means of the air contained in the vsaid compartment.

The inventioncomprises, finally, the pro vision of a spraying nozzle located between Inder, and an improved arrangement of the channels connecting the compartments of the primary explosion chamber, for the purpose of effecting a rapid equalization of the pressures in said compartments. y

0n the accompanying drawing Figure l shows a sectional view on an engine provided with a primary explosion chamber arranged according to the present invention. Fig. Q shows, on a larger scale, a similar section through the head of the cylinder of an internal combustion engine provided with another form of a primary explosion chamber.

Referring to the drawing, l is the Working space or combustion chamber of the lenv other or outer compartment 5 consists of the annular space around the sleeve 3. rlhe upper end of the sleeve 3 is placed so nearly to ,thel fuel nozzle 2 and the upper wall of the explosion chamber that only a narrow slot remains between the compartments 4 and 5. liccording to llig. l said slot- 'forms the only connection between the compartments ot the primary explosion chamber. while according to Fig. 2 said compartments are connected also by apertures G in the wall of the sleeve 3.

is shown in Fig. l, the compartment l ot' the primary e-:plosion cli amber communi- Cates direct with the cylinder chamber l, whereas, according to Fig. 2, the. sleeve 3 is provided withA a lbottom into which is screwed in a fuel injecting device 7 provided with straight longitudinal channels 8 intersected'by oblique or spiral ch( nnels 9 which are provided in the inner wal of the sleeve Stor the purpose of spraying the .5G the primary explosion chamber and the c5711' fuel. The said channels open into apertures 10 in the bottom of the sleeve 3,-sa1d aper- 'tures being directed outwardly so that the 'fuel will be sprayed in a suitable manner in the air contained in the cylinder chamber 1.

The sectional arca of the connecting channel orv channels between the compartments 4 and 5 ot the primary explosion chamber is less than the sectional area of'the channel or channels between the compartment 4' and the cylinderchamber 1, as will be more particularly described liertbelow.A i

When an engine constructed according to Fig. 1 or 2 is running, the fuel is ejected throughthe nozzle 2 immediately before the of pressure caused thereby, part of the fuel l is forced into the compartment 5, while the remaining or larger part of the fuel is forced into the cylinder chamber 1 and comi pletely consumed therein. By suitable choice of thc sectional area of the channel or channels between the compartments 4- and 5, one may attain that all the fuel forced into the compartment 5 is completely consumed in the air contained in said compartment, even if the engine is running at a maximum load. The apertures' shown in F ig. 2 will el'ect a very rapid equalization of the pres i sures in the two compartments 4 and 5. As

soon'as the pressures in the compartment 4 and the cylinder chamber 1 have been equalized, the combustion gases compressed to a high pressure in the compartment 5 .will

ow'into the compartment 4 and therefrom' into the cylinder chamber 1, at the same time zaini-ying with them all the residues of file l ifi'bm thel compartment 4 and the various connecting channels, said residues being then completely consumed in the cylinder chamber l. r

The division vof* the primary explosion chamber described above and shown on the drawing may be effected in different manners without deviating from the principle of the invention.

Having now described my invention, what I claim-as new and desire' to secure by Letters Patent is: 1. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a combustion chamber, a

primary explosion chamber, I and means dividing said primary explosion chamber into two compartments, said compartments being in permanent open communication with each otherI `nd one of them being isolated from the combustion chamber and the other extending to and being in directk opencommunication with the combustion chamber.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the

combination of a combustion chamber, a

primary explosionl chamber, means for in- Y troducing liquid fuel into the latter,` and means dividing, said primary explosion chamber into two compartments, the latter being in permanent open communication with each other, and one of them being isolated from the combustion chamber and the other extending to andbeing in direct open communication with the said fuel-introducing means and the combustion chamber.4 y

3. In an internal combustion' engine the combination of, a combustion chamber, a

primary explosion chamber, means for inopen communication with the said combustion chamber, vthe passages allowing the communication between the said two compartments of the primary explosion chamber being of smaller cross sectional area than the passages allowing the communication between one of said' compartments and the combustion chamber, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. In an internal combustion engine the combination of a combustion chamber, a primary explosion chamber, means for introducing liquid fuel into the latter, means dividing the latter into two compartments, anda fuel spraying device between the Said' primary explosion chamber andthe combustion chamber, the compartments of the primary explosion chamber being` in permanent open communication with each other and one of them being isolated from the combustion chamber and the other being arranged to receive fuel from the uel-introducing means and being extended toand arranged in direct open communication with the said combustion chamber, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. a

5. In an internalcombustion engine the combination of, a combustion chamber, a primary explosion chamber, a sleeve extending into the latter and dividing it into two compartments one outside and one inside vsaid sleeve, a fuel nozzle opening into the purpoee set-forth.

tion chamber,A substantiallyv as amli'ior the 6. In an internal combustion engine the combination of, a combustion chamber, a, primary explosion chamber, s perforated sieeve extending into the latter and being formed with a perforated bottom, said sleeve dividing the primary explosion chamber into two compartments one outside and one inside said sleeve and in permanent communication, a fuel nozzie opening` into the inside compartment, and a body inserteii in said sleeve and. formed with longitudinal grooves intersected by grooves formed in the wall of said sleeve, the said grooves estabishing a direct open communication I between the said inner compartment and the said combustion chamber, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention,- I havesgned my name in presence of two subscribing Witnesses. HARRY FERDINAND LEISSNER. Witnesses:

JOHN DELMAR, GERHARD NORDSTRAND.