US1793754A - Hair-waving apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 24,-1931. u ,W G, SHELTON Y 1,793,754

HAIR WAVI NG APPARATUS Filed Aug. l5, 1929 EEE- Patented Feb. 24, 1931 PATENT OFFICE -WILLIAIM` G. SHELTON, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI BIAIBWWAVING APPARATUS Application led August 15, 1929. Serial No. 386,004.

Myy invention relates to the art of hair Waving and consists in a novel clamp and heating device to be used in the permanent Waving of hair.

One of the objects of my invention is to produce waves closer to the scalp of the user than the devices of the `prior art have been able to produce.

Another object'of my invention is to protect the scalp of the user from injury due to heating of the metallic portions of the clamp or descent of moisture.

Another object of my invention is toprovide a clamping member and a curling rod and means to tighten the strand of hair on the rod .after its application to the clamp and to securely hold the rod against the clamping y member.

Another object of my invention is to provide a quickly replaceable jaw face and insulating pad for a jaw of a hair clamp to be used with heaters.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrate selected embodiments of my invention- Figure 1 is an end elevation of the assembled structure.

Figure 2 is a side view et the same without the heater or the hair wound on the rod.

` Figure 3 is a top view of the clamping structure.

Figure 4 is a vertical section taken on the line 4--4 of Fi cure y2 showing the hair wound on the rod and the supply' unit applied over the same.

Figure 5 is a view corresponding to Figure 4 showing' a modification of my invention.

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the jaw facing pad element. i

The scalp of the customer is indicated at S and T is a strandv ot' hair. P is a supply pad. The strand will be gripped adjacent to the scalp by a pair` of clamping jaws 1 and 5 having` felt or other heat insulating members A and B between them and the scalp of the customer.'

.The two jaws of the clamp are hinged together at 8 by bar 7 secured to one end of member 5. YSuitable'catch elements 10 and 13 are provided at the unhinged ends of jaw 1 and jaw 5.

The sharpest and most permanent waves are thoseproduced in the hair adjacent to the the curling rod and in order to produce a sharp wave in this portion of the strand, I have provided one of my clampingr jaws with a metallic flange 5a of heat conducting material, and arranged to contact with the lower portion of the strand of hair. This liange will be heated by the steam generated within the supply pad in the usual manner.

lamping jaw l is a U-shaped metallic member having a lower leg la, an upper leg 1b and a back face lo. The legs of jaw 1 extend inwardly toward the clamping face of the opposing jaw 5.

A removable insulating' member 2 of rubber or like material, has lips 2a and 26, a face 2c, an upwardly extending flange 2d. and a pocket between lips 2a and 2t adapted to receive the lower leg 1a of jaw 1 so that lips 2a and 2b lie respectively above and below leg 1a. Face 2c is presented to the clamping surface of opposing jaw 5 and flange 2d extends upwardly between legr 1b and the clamping surface of opposing jaw 5.

Clamping jaw 5 is mounted on a base 3 of bakelite or other suitable insulating material and is secured thereto and spaced above the base by rivets 4 and washers 11 or other suitable means. Member 5 is a heat conducting member and has a downwardly extending portion 5a and an upwardly extending curvincr dange 5b.

Flange 55, in conjunction'with the heater and supply unit P, is adapted to form the first wave of the strand T much nearer the scalp than is possible with the devices of the prior art.

The above clamping structure is provided witha pawl lfiwhich is mounted on member 7. A curling rod shown at 15 has a ratchet v17' at one end which is engaged by pawl 14 as the rod is rotated to wind the hair. The engagement of the pawl and the ratchet prevents the rod from unwindingand loosening the roll of hair. The tension on the hair 4and the action of the pawl against the ratchet are such as to hold the rod, wound With hair, against the clamp,

To apply the device toa strand of hair, the clamp is applied to the strand T close to the scalp S and bars 1 and 5 are locked together by elements 10 and 13. The curling rod is then applied to the outer end of the strand and turned to wind the hair on the rod until the same is adjacent to the clamping jaws where the pawl 14 engages the ratchet 17 and holds the rod 15 from unwinding when the same has been wound enough to create a tension on the strand T. Then the supply element P is placed around the hairy wound on the rod, and the lower edges of the supply are pushed under the roll of hair so that the supply contacts with the metallic member 5. j The heater is then placed over the supply. Heat is transmitted from the heater through the moist supply unit to the metallic member 5, along ange 5b to the strand of hair between the base of the clamp and the beginning of the outermost spiral of the roll of hair on rod 15.

The yielding aw face 2 adapts itself to variations in the thickness of the strand of hair, tightly clamps the same against the opposing surface without breaking or cutting the hairs, and provides a jaw face which may be easily renewed from time to time without replacing the entire clamp. Due to the deep pocket K, between lips 2a and 2b, forereceiving the jaw leg 1a there is a large surface frictionally engaging the faces of the leg. The pocket is closed at its ends to more securely engage the jaw leg.

In the modification disclosed in Figure 5, the clamping member 20 corresponds to member 1 in Figure 4, but is a metallicbar instead of a channel, and is enclosed by a heat insulating member 21 consisting of a tube of rubber or like material.

The opposite clamping member ,24 has a depending offset 25 from the lower end of which the curved flange 26 extends towards `the other` jaw and upwardly constituting an inner form for the portion of the strand of hair usually contained between clamp jaws which are not `metallic and hence do not contribute to the waving of the hair. The curvature ofthis fiange extends even closer to the scalp than that 4shown in Figure 4 but lacks the desirable feature of a straight surface squarely opposing the right hand jaw which characterizes the preferred form of my invention.

'In each form of my invention, the heat conducting flange fits tightly against the rubber face covering the opposing jaw to seal the `clamping jaws so that no moisture'can pass through the same to the scalp of the user. The felt pads act as a further seal for such moisture but their main function is to insulate the scalp from the heated parts of the device. As previously mentioned, the metallic flange forms a curved heat conducting surface which is effective in producing 'a wave nearer the 1scalp than can be produced by the curling rod. i

Obviously, the details of the described structure may be varied without departing from the spirit of my invention and I contemplate the exclusive use of such modifications as come within the scope of my claims.

I claim:

1. In a clamp for a permanent wave device, a set of clamping jaws, a hair engaging element comprising a sheet of heat conducting material bent substantially as shown and mounted on one of said jaws and extending lengthwise of said jaw and above the level of the top of said jaw.

2. In a permanent wave device, a heater, a clamp below the same, and a hair engaging element comprising a sheet of heat conduct-f ing material bent substantiallyy as shown and disposed intermediate said heater and clamp.

3. In a permanent Wave device, a heater, a clamp, and a hair engaging element of heat conducting material having a portion intermediate said heater and clamp and having a portion extending below the level of the top of said clamp.

4. In a permanent wave device, a heater, a supply unit, a pair of clamping jaws adapted to grip a strand of hair near the scalp of theuser, one of said jaws having a surface of heat conducting material, said surface being in contact with said supply unit and with said strand of hair at the base of said jaws, said elements cooperating to transmit heat from said heater to said strand of hair between said jaws.

5. In a permanent wave device, a pair of clamping jaws adapted to grip a strand of hair near the scalp of the user, one of said jaws having a surface presenting to said strand of hair a curved flange of heat conducting material, and rmeans for heating said flange to wave the hair adjacent to said ange.

6. In a permanent wave device, a pair of clamping jaws adapted to grip a strand of hair near the scalp of theuser, the inner surface of one of said jaws being covered with heat insulating material, the inner surface of the other jaw being formed of heat conduct ing material, and means for heating said heat conducting material to wave saidstrand of .hair between said jaws.-

7. In a permanent wave device, a pair of clamping jaws adapted to grip astrand of hair near the scalp of the user, heat insulating pads on said jaws adapted to rest on the scalp of the user,the clamping face of one of said jaws being covered with heat insulating material, the clamping face of the other jaw being formed of heat conducting material,

and means for heating said heat conducting material to wave said strand of hair between said jaws, said jaws and said pads cooperating to form a seal to prevent the passage of steam or heat to the scalp of the user.

8. In a permanent wave device, a pair of clamping jaws adapted to grip a strand of hair near the scalp of the user, a metallic fiange forming the side of one of said jaws presented to said strand of hair, a heater, and means for conducting heat from said heater to said flange to wave said strand of hair from the bottom of said clamp to the top of said flange.

9. -In a permanent wave device, a pair of clamping jaws adapted to grip a strand of Ahair near the scalp of the user, heat insulating pads on said jaws adapted to rest on the scalp of the user, the clamping surface of one of said jaws being covered with heat insulating material, the other jaw being composed of a strip of heat insulating material resting on said insulating pad, a metallo member parallel with said strip, means holding said strip and said member in spaced position, a metallic flange integral with said member, spaced from said insulating strip and curvingup from the same, said flange opposing the surface of the other jaw when said jaws are clamped together, and extending above the surface of said other jaw to contact said strand of hair along the entire surface of said flange.

10. In a permanent wave device, a pair of clamping jaws adapted to grip a strand of hair near the scal of the user heat insu-v lating pads on said jaws adapted to rest on the scalp of the user, the clamping surface of one of said jaws being covered with heat insulating material, the other jaw having as a clamping face a ilange of heat conducting material, a pawl on said clamping jaws, a

curling rod, a ratchet thereon, said ratchet being adapted to lock said rod to said clamping jaws when a strand of hair has been gripped by said jaws and the remainder of the strand tightly wound on said rod, a sup-y ply unit wrapped over said strand of hair wound on said rod, a heater laced over said hair and supply unit, whereby heat passing from said heater through said' supply unit to said hair wound on said rod and to said hair .adjacent to said fiange waves the hair near the scalp of the user.

tion.

to be applied to a strand of hair, a heater, a heat conducting element below said heater, an element between said heater and said heat conducting element through which heat passes' to said heat conducting element to wave said strand near the scalp of the user.

13. In a hair waving device, a clamp comprising a set of jaws and including a jaw of channel shape section, and a removable jaw face of yielding insulating material having apocket for receiving one leg of said jaw section.

14. In a hair waving device, a clamp cornprising a set of jaws and including a jaw of channel sha e section, and a removable jaw face 0f yielding insulating material having a ppket for receivin one leg of said jaw sectiontand an upstandlng flange for engaging the edge of the other leg of said jaw secldi removable jaw face for a hair waving cl `mp comprising a rubber bar having an elonga ed pocket in one side for receiving a flat me ljaw element, the ends of said pocket bein 4 closed to position said element lengthwise of said bar.

16. A iemovable jaw face for a hair waving clamp comprising a rubber bar with a felt ad secured to its lower face, said rubber Ear having an elongated lpocket in one side for receiving a flat meta ends of said pocket being closed to position said element) lengthwise of said bar.

In testimony `whereof I hereunto aix my signature this 13th day of Au st, 1929.

WILLIAM G. HELTON.

' 11. In a permanent wave device, a pair of metallic clamping jaws, one of said jaws being an inwardly facing U-shaped member, a removable rubber element covering 'one leg of said member and having outwardly ,facing lips adapted to lit around said leg,said rubber member having a face presented to the clamping surfaceof the other jaw and a flange between asecond leg of the rst jaw and the clamping surface of the second jaw.

12. In a permanent wave device adapted jaw element, the

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