US1782549A - Drawing frame - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 25, 1930 E. STANSFIELD ET AL 1,732,549

DRAWING FRAME Filed Feb. 19, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 m7 MN 7056 A'n'v/l/a Sfandf/e/d Emil/0 BrL ner y A 770/? NE Y 25, 1930' E. STANSFIELD ET AL 1,782,549

DRAWING FRAME Filed Feb. 19, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet Z VE/V TOfFS Patented Nov. 25, 1930 UNITED STATESF'PATEN'II OFFICE,

EMILIO STANSFIELD, OF BEBGAMO, AND EMILIO BRUKN'EB, OF MILAN, ITALY DRAWING FRAME Application filed February. 19, 1829, Serial No. 841,198, and in Italy March 1, 1928.

The present invention relates to a drawing frame with a great number of cylinder pa rs, applicable to speed frames, ring sp nn ng frames and self-acting mules for the sp nn ng '5 of cotton and other textile fibres of similar nature. v

In the accompanying draw1ngs:

Fig. 1 is a diagramof a drawlng frame with six cylinder pairs; o a

Fig. 2 shows the actual application of the drawmg frame to a spinning frame Fig. 3 shows the drawing frame wlth eight cylinder pairs;

Figs. 4 and 5 show drawlng frames w1th 5 or 7 pairs.

The drawing frame according to Figs. 1 and 2 comprises four pairs of cylinders, which may be called drawing pairs proper, and two pairs of small cylinders which we shall call 2 auxiliary pairs.

The cylinder pairs A-A', B--B', C-C D--D, are the drawing pairs proper.

The pairs aa and 6+6 are the auxiliary airs.

2 p The form of invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2 consists of a drawing frame comprising six cylinder pairs, of which the pair D-D is the feed pair to which the roving or slubbing is fed first; the .pair C-C' has a peripheral speed slightly 1n excess of that of the cylinders D-D' (draught 1,05 to 1,20) The small drawing out that takes place betweenthese two pairs is efi'ected under abnormal reach conditions inasmuch as the distance between the tangency'lines of the two pairs is much greater than the length of the longest fibres, instead of being held between the limits corresponding "to the longest fibres of the cotton 40 to be dealt with (in the case of Fig. 2 the reach is 55 mm.) The scanty drawing out performed between the two said pairs serves as a preliminary drawing, preparatory to the drawing proper carried out by the two following pairs, inasmuch as the said preliminary drawing removes to a large extent the noxious influence of the twist necessarily present in the roving or slubbing fed into the drawing frame. The accompan ing figures ,50 show a fixed, invariable reach tween the cylinder pairs D--D and C-C'. This mm. reach may be used in connection with the following cottons without distinction: Egyptian' 38 mm. cotton (Sakellaridis), Egyptian 32 mm. cotton (Ashmouni) American 32 mm. 6! cotton, and 24:- to 28 mm. American cottons. If desired, however, the machine may be so constructed that this reach may be varied, and the said c linder pairs should then be made independent and adjustable.

After the small preliminary drawing between D-D' and C-G the drawing proper is effected, this being divided in two stages namely:

(a) First stage between B-B and C-C; this is the smaller drawing of the two and may vary from 2 to 8;

(b) Second stage between AA' and BB; this is a greater drawing and'may be as great as 20 and even 25.

In order to fix the meaning of the term drawing or drau ht when we say that the draught between K--A is 20 we mean that the peripheral velocity of the cylinders A-A is 20 times that of the cylinders B-B.

The novelty of our drawing frame lies just in the subdivision of the drawing under the special conditions indicated in the accompanymg figures, viz. with the assistance of two pairs of small cylinders a-a' andb-b.

The small cylinders bb are inserted be tween the pairs B-B' and 0-0; we call them auxillary cylinders, because actually the drawing takes place only between the pairs B-B' and CG'.

The small cylinders b--b are revolving at the same speed as the cylinders C-C' and their duty only is to withhold the shorter fibres while the longer ones slide under the small pressure-cylinder owing tothe pulling zgztitfii exerted on themby the cylinder pairs We wish torecall that when a cotton is classified as a 32 to 38 mm. cotton these fig-- ures represent the length of the longer fibres in the lot; the large majority of the fibres, however, has a smaller length varying from 15 to 32 mm. c a

In order that the drawing may be regularly effected between two cylinder pairs it is required that all fibres, whether short or long, shall preserve the velocity imparted to them by the feed cylinders up to the moment that their forward end is gripped by the cylinders revolving at a reater velocity.

The fulfilment of this essential condition is secured in our drawing frame, both for the drawing taking place between the pairs A-A and BB and for the drawing occurring between the pairs BB and CC', by the fact that between the said pairs the small cylinders w-a' and b--b' are inserted.

The reach between the pairs A-A' and BB as well as between the pairs B-B and C-C must of course be designed to suit the length of the longer fibres, that is, the reach should be slightly greater than the length of the longest fibres.

The reach between AA and aa' as well as between B-B' and bb', on the contrary, must be designed as small as possible as clearly indicated on our drawings.

Of course the pressure exerted by the small pressure-cylinders a' and -b must be such that the lon er fibres on which the pulling action of t e cylinders AA or BB is already exerted may slide under the said small cylinders, and that at the same time the shorter fibres may preserve their feed velocity up to the moment they too are gripped by the cylinders A-A' or B-B.

A great importance attaches to the weight of the small pressure-cylinders a'- and b. Their weight is closely bound to the distance between the tangency lines AA and aa, B-B' and bb'.

If this distance-is as small as feasible, the amount of slidin will be smaller for the shorter" fibres an greater for the longer fibres. as per Fig.2 and to a Sakellaridis cotton of 38 mm., the amount of sliding will of course be 18 mm. ,with American cotton of 30 mm.

on the contrary the amount of sliding would be reduced to 10 mm. only. It follows that, the reach between the pairsA-A and 0-01, or 13-13 and b-b remaining unaltered, the weight ofthe small pressure-cylinders a': and b must be smaller according as the amount of sliding is smaller. To quote a practical example, in thecase of 38 mm. Sakellaridis cotton excellent results are obtained with thefollowing "dimensions.

Cylinder a iron, hollow, 16 mm; di'a. ,90

'gr. weight; cylinder b,-:iron, solid, 12 mm.

dia. ,90'gr. weightyreach between 1st and 3rd cylinder pairt' 45 mm.; reach between 3rd and-5th'c linder pair: 48 mm.; and by fittin on the fth fluted cylinder a pressurecylin er the particulars of which are: iron, hollow, 20 mm. die. ,7 5 gr.

If one and the same set of spinning machines, continuous or intermittent, has to alternately work on cottons of 32, 28 and 25 mm. staple, we suggest that the plant should Referring to the distance of 20 mm.

be equipped with three different sets of small cylinders, in order to change the small cylinders when changing over from one kind of cotton to the other.

It is also very important that the diameter of the pressure cylinders a and I) should be a maximum; in order to obtain the various weights, one should therefore resort to different metals or to hollow cylinders.

The novelty of our special drawing frame accordingly consists in the use of three consecutive draughts, the 1st one being a preliminary or preparatory draught, whereas the 2nd and the 3rd are draughts proper and are carried out under the most favourable conditions, viz. with the assistance of the small auxiliar cylinders.

If the 1st raught is 1.15, the 2nd 4 and the 3rd 15, the total draught will be:

In this manner, very high drau hts can be obtained and it is quite natural t at the result should be quite satisfactory because in the case just named 69 draught is obtained, not in a single stage, but in three consecutive stages.

The drawings attached to the resent application illustrate an example of our drawing frame.

For speed frames and self-actings thedrawing frame should of course be horizontal instead of inclined.

Figs. 1 and 2 are indicated with:

A, B, C, D, iron cylinders with longitudinal fluting.

a, 6, small iron cylinders with longitudinal fluting. V

A, B, cylinders with bushes lined with 'wool cloth or leather, positively pressed against the underlyingfluted cylindersAorB.

Cf, smooth cylinder like the foregoing ones,

.but much larger in diameter and actin on the underlying'cylinder by its weight a one.

a, 72', small auxiliary pressure-cylinders, they may be smooth, with longitudinal fluting, flexible, or with small peripheral grooves.

The reach between AA and aa and BB', bb, CC' and 0-0 is fixed.

The reach between a-a' and BB', bb' and C-G is adjustable.

Referring to the drawing frame with eight pairs of cylinders, the only difference consists in the insertion of a third pair of small auxiliary cylinders 0-0 (Fig. 3).

In this manner the draught is divided into four well distinct stages, viz.:

1) Preliminary between EE' and D-D 2) Draught between D-D' and 0-0. 3; Draught between C-C' and B-B'. 4 Draught between B--B and A-A'.

The second, third, and fourth draughts are obtained with the assistance of the pairs of small cylinders o-c', bb', H-

or preparatory draught Of course, also drawin frames having 5 or 7 cylinder pairs may constructed, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5.

Drawing frames with more than 8 cylinder pairs may likewise be constructed (for inr stance with 9 to 12 airs). We consider it unnecessary to descrl e them, since it is only the question of adding further drawing cylinders along the corresponding small auxiliary cylinders.

Havin now particularly described and ascertainef the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed,

we declare that what we claim is A cotton drawing machine comprislng a pair of feeding rolls, a pair of drawing rolls spaced from said feeding rolls by a distance considerably greater than the fibre length of the cotton to be treated and having a peripheral speed slightly greater than said feeding rolls, other pans of drawing rolls beyond said first pair of drawing rolls 8 aced from adjoining pairs of drawing ro s by distances slightly greater than the fibre length of the cotton to be treated, the peripheral speeds of said pairs of increasing progressively, iliary rolls between the drawing rolls beyond the ing rolls, the lower rolls of each of said pairs of auxiliary rolls being driven at the same peripheral speed as the preceding pair of drawin rolls, the upper rolls of each of said pairs 0 auxiliary rolls being held .in position against the lower rolls by gravity onl drawin rolls and pairs 0 auxadjacent pairs of said pairs of auxiliary rolls being closely a jacnegnt to the succeeding pairs of drawing r0 (Italy), this 31st day of Signed at Milan January, 1929.

EMILIO STANSFIELD. EMILIO BRUNNER.

first pair of draw-

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