EP0131409A1 - Improvements in and relating to drawing frames - Google Patents
Improvements in and relating to drawing frames Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0131409A1 EP0131409A1 EP84304297A EP84304297A EP0131409A1 EP 0131409 A1 EP0131409 A1 EP 0131409A1 EP 84304297 A EP84304297 A EP 84304297A EP 84304297 A EP84304297 A EP 84304297A EP 0131409 A1 EP0131409 A1 EP 0131409A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- roller
- drafting
- splitting
- rollers
- nip
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
- D01H5/00—Drafting machines or arrangements ; Threading of roving into drafting machine
- D01H5/18—Drafting machines or arrangements without fallers or like pinned bars
- D01H5/22—Drafting machines or arrangements without fallers or like pinned bars in which fibres are controlled by rollers only
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01B—MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01B1/00—Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
- D01B1/10—Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
- D01B1/14—Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating
- D01B1/22—Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating with crushing or breaking rollers or plates
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
- D01H5/00—Drafting machines or arrangements ; Threading of roving into drafting machine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
- F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D29/281—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for fans or blowers
- F04D29/282—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for fans or blowers the leading edge of each vane being substantially parallel to the rotation axis
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to the roller drafting of fibres.
- The purpose of any drawing operation, whether for natural or synthetic material, is to reduce the weight of the material being fed into the machine whilst at the same time parallelising the fibres. Basically this is done by means of two sets " rollers with a bed of pinned fallers between them. The material, fed through the first set of rollers, known as the feed rollers, is penetrated by the pins of the fallers which move in the same direction as the material. The second set of rollers, i.e., delivery rollers, through which the material passes on leaving the fallers run at a greater speed than that of the first set thus drafting the material and reducing its weight. However, with some natural materials and flax, in particular, the delivery rollers perform a dual function. As well as the drafting of the material, the fibres themselves are actually sub-divided or split so as to create finer fibres and to increase the number of fibres in the cross-section, which in turn, means that when the spinning stage is eventually reached a finer and stronger yarn can be produced. In order, therefore, to accomplish this splitting operation it has been common practice to use a hard wooden pressing roller against a steel driving roller.
- It has always been recognised that there is an inherent drawback with wooden rollers in that the surface becomes uneven with dents, scratches, etc., with the result that they require to be turned on a lathe to restore the smooth surface and this had to be done about every two or three days. However, if the machine speed is increased to give the higher production rates now required, the wooden roller becomes disfigured after only about ten or fifteen minutes which is unacceptable. If a rubber pressing roller is used then if the rubber is soft enough to draft the material it does not sub-divide it, and with hard rubber not enough traction is created between it and the bottom roller and the flax slips without drafting or delivering the sliver.
- In accordance with the invention a drawing frame for drafting has at least one roller positioned downstream of the nip of the drafting rollers, the downstream roller acting with a co-operating roller to split the fibres after they have been drafted by the drafting rollers.
- Apparatus in accordance with the invention thus allows the material to be merely drafted without splitting or with only partial splitting at the nip of the drafting rollers, whilst splitting or further -splitting of the fibres is carried out downstream of the nip of the drafting rollers.
- One advantage of such an arrangement is that the heavy pressure originally required on the wooden roller in order to effect both drafting and splitting is either no longer necessary or it may be more evenly distributed and the "life" of the roller may be extended to an acceptable span. The drafting rollers may now be of rubber since it is no longer required to split the fibre or of any other suitable material.
- A production rate of 80 to 100 metres per minute may be possible using a drawing frame in accordance with this invention.
- The invention will now be further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying sketch drawings in which:-
- Figure 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of the rollers of one embodiment of drawing frame in accordance with the invention, and
- Figure 2 is a perspective view of a different embodiment in accordance with the invention.
- Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 1 but of a still different embodiment.
- Referring to Figure 1 a
sliver 2 of flax which may be about 10 inches wide is fed between a set of threefeed rollers 4 so as to enter the frame at for example, a weight of about 150 grams per metre. The sliver then passes through astandard faller bed 6 and the sliver then passes between the nip of two drafting ordelivery rollers 8, 8'. The lower roller 8' is a steel driven roller and the surface of the upperpressing roller 8 is of rubber, having a shore hardness of 75 on the A scale. - The
rollers 8, 8' are rotated at about ten times the speed of thefeed rollers 4 to produce a draft of ten. - The lower roller 8' is a steel driven roller and the upper
pressing roller 8 is of rubber. - The sliver is then fed in a relaxed condition without further drafting to a further pair of "splitting"
rollers 10, 10' located downstream of thedelivery rollers 8. The lower splitting roller 10' is driven and theupper roller 10 may be wooden or may be of a very hard rubber or plastic or Tufnol or indeed iron or steel. Alternatively it has been found that it may even be of the same rubber as the drafting roller. The fibres are split as they pass between the splitting rollers and the sliver of weight of about 15 grams per metre is fed into a standard can 12. - Referring to Figure 2, the arrangement of rollera is similar to that of Figure 1 but only two of the
standard fallers 6 being shown for the sake of clarity. The set of splitting rollers however comprises threerollers 10, namely, two lower drivenrollers 10' and 10", and a single top orpressing roller 10, which is cradled between the two bottom rollers to create two nips so that the splitting action is enhanced and/or the life of thetop roller 10 may be extended due to the reduction in pressure applied to it and/or by the better distribution of the pressure between the top roller and thebottom roller 2. - Referring to Figure 3 the
feed rollers 4 are omitted for clarity. Anadditional roller 8" is positioned downstream of the bottom drafting roller 8' with apressing roller 8 cradled between them. The material is drafted between the nip of the bottom drafting roller 8' and thepressing roller 8 and then splitting is effected between the nip of theadditional bottom roller 8" and the pressing 'roller 8. Any suitable pressure arrangement, as diagrammatically illustrated, in which load is applied through a pivottedarm 14, may be employed. By altering the direction of pull on the pressing roller, as illustrated by the alternative position of thearm 14, shown in dash lines, concentration of load towards either of the bottom rollers, or equally between the two, may be effected. - The pressing roller may be of wood or any other suitable material including rubber.
- Instead of a single broad sliver being fed through the machine a plurality (e.g. four) of narrower slivers may be fed in, side by side, and delivered into the same number of cans from standard coiler heads at the front.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB08318222A GB2142985B (en) | 1983-07-05 | 1983-07-05 | Impeller for a double inlet centrifugal fan |
GB8318322 | 1983-07-06 | ||
GB838318322A GB8318322D0 (en) | 1983-07-06 | 1983-07-06 | Drawing frames |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0131409A1 true EP0131409A1 (en) | 1985-01-16 |
EP0131409B1 EP0131409B1 (en) | 1987-12-23 |
Family
ID=26286546
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19840304297 Expired EP0131409B1 (en) | 1983-07-05 | 1984-06-25 | Improvements in and relating to drawing frames |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0131409B1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11104601B2 (en) | 2016-03-17 | 2021-08-31 | Corning Incorporated | Bendable electronic device modules, articles and bonding methods of making the same |
Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1342714A (en) * | 1918-08-02 | 1920-06-08 | Hall H Holdaway | Machine for extracting fiber from palms and the like |
FR660105A (en) * | 1928-09-08 | 1929-07-08 | Apparatus for separating fibers of textile plants, and other adherent fibers | |
GB318485A (en) * | 1928-09-03 | 1930-07-17 | Saechsische Maschinenfabrik | |
FR687122A (en) * | 1929-12-23 | 1930-08-05 | Improvements in stretching machines for textile materials | |
FR823969A (en) * | 1936-07-06 | 1938-01-29 | Fairbairn Lawson Combe Barbour | Dehuller apparatus for obtaining fibers using the leaves of agave and similar plants |
US2107818A (en) * | 1935-05-28 | 1938-02-08 | Elzer Johann | Textile drafting apparatus |
DE689642C (en) * | 1938-12-10 | 1940-03-29 | E H Emil Gminder Dr Ing | Device for the continuous conveying of bast fiber stalks through a crusher |
CH433071A (en) * | 1965-01-21 | 1967-03-31 | Osaka Kiko Kabushiki Kaisha | Device for separating fibers |
GB1091038A (en) * | 1966-04-14 | 1967-11-15 | Textilipari Ki | Improvements in and relating to sliver drafting machines |
DE2106815A1 (en) * | 1970-02-20 | 1971-08-26 | Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd London | Drawing polyester staple fibre tows of - different length into untwisted yarns |
DE2139307A1 (en) * | 1969-12-05 | 1973-02-15 | Sant Andrea Novara Officine | DRAWER WITH STRONG REFINEMENT FOR DRAWING DISCONTINUOUS TEXTILE FIBERS |
-
1984
- 1984-06-25 EP EP19840304297 patent/EP0131409B1/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1342714A (en) * | 1918-08-02 | 1920-06-08 | Hall H Holdaway | Machine for extracting fiber from palms and the like |
GB318485A (en) * | 1928-09-03 | 1930-07-17 | Saechsische Maschinenfabrik | |
FR660105A (en) * | 1928-09-08 | 1929-07-08 | Apparatus for separating fibers of textile plants, and other adherent fibers | |
FR687122A (en) * | 1929-12-23 | 1930-08-05 | Improvements in stretching machines for textile materials | |
US2107818A (en) * | 1935-05-28 | 1938-02-08 | Elzer Johann | Textile drafting apparatus |
FR823969A (en) * | 1936-07-06 | 1938-01-29 | Fairbairn Lawson Combe Barbour | Dehuller apparatus for obtaining fibers using the leaves of agave and similar plants |
DE689642C (en) * | 1938-12-10 | 1940-03-29 | E H Emil Gminder Dr Ing | Device for the continuous conveying of bast fiber stalks through a crusher |
CH433071A (en) * | 1965-01-21 | 1967-03-31 | Osaka Kiko Kabushiki Kaisha | Device for separating fibers |
GB1091038A (en) * | 1966-04-14 | 1967-11-15 | Textilipari Ki | Improvements in and relating to sliver drafting machines |
DE2139307A1 (en) * | 1969-12-05 | 1973-02-15 | Sant Andrea Novara Officine | DRAWER WITH STRONG REFINEMENT FOR DRAWING DISCONTINUOUS TEXTILE FIBERS |
DE2106815A1 (en) * | 1970-02-20 | 1971-08-26 | Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd London | Drawing polyester staple fibre tows of - different length into untwisted yarns |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11104601B2 (en) | 2016-03-17 | 2021-08-31 | Corning Incorporated | Bendable electronic device modules, articles and bonding methods of making the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0131409B1 (en) | 1987-12-23 |
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