US1778335A - Method of and apparatus for use in weaving - Google Patents

Description

Ot. 14, 1930. G. H. PERKINS 7 1,778,335

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR USE IN WEAVING Filed Aug. 11. 1928 s Sheets-Sheet 1 Oct. 14, 1930. G. H. PERKINS METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR USE IN WEAVING Filed Aug. 11, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Oct. 14,1930. 6. H. PERKINS IETHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR USE IN WEAVING ,Zvwe razor: 7'4 2927735736 Oct. 14, 1930. a. H. PERKINS 1,778,335

' IET HOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR USE IN WEAVING Filed Aug. 11, 1928 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 a5 1%. M I w 63 4 O 4 ZZ v 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 G. H. PERKINS Fi led Aug. 11, 1928 7 METHOD OF AND APPARATUS, FOR USE IN WEAVING Patented Oct. 14, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE GEORGE E. PERKINS, 0F SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO THE ESMOND MILLS, OF ESMOND, RHODE ISLAND, A CORPORATION OF RHODE ISLAND METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR USE IN WEAVING Application filed August 11, 1928. Serial No. 298,901.

This invention pertains to textile manufacture and relates more particularly to a method of and apparatus for weaving patterned textile fabrics, the use of this novel method and apparatus resulting in the elimination of a large percentage of the waste commonly produced in manufacturing patterned fabrics.

At the completion of the weaving operation it is usual to subject the woven fabric to a finishing process and for the latter purpose it is essential to have long lengths of fabric to assure proper and economical operation of the various finishing machines. For this reason it is common to sew together several cuts of the fabric as it is removed from the loom and as these cuts must be connected very securely one to another in order to withstand the heavy strains imposed during the finishing processes, it is usual to 7 double the edges of adjacent cuts upon one another and to unite such doubled edges by one or more rowsof stitches. Thus when the fabric is of a heavy, thick character, the seam uniting adjacent cuts forms a bulky transverse ridge, and when such a heavy seam passes over the cylinder of a napping machine, the result is that too heavy a nap is removed at points adjacent to the seam, so weakening the base fabric that it is substantially useless. Foreseeing this damage, it is customary to weave surplus material, constituting an attaching flap, at the end of each cut. This attaching flap is connected by the seam to the similar flap of the next cut, and after the finishing process, these flaps, to which the damage incurred in napping is confined, are cut off, leavin a full length cut of undamaged material.

In dealing with ordinary fabrics in which the pattern is repeated at short intervals, the provision of the attaching flaps at opposite' ends of a cut is not of serious consequence since it involves waste of a comparatively short length of material, but in making such fabrics, as for example blankets, where a single repeat of the jacquard or other pattern device extends over several yards of material, the provision of the attaching flaps necessitates the loss of material equivalent to an entire blanket in each cut removed from the loom. Since this material, which thus becomes waste, has passed through all of the preliminary processes as well as the final step of weaving, the loss represents not only the original cost of the raw material but also, and more important, labor and overhead charges. Under some circumstances, as much as 5% of the total production of woven material may thus become waste and the resulting financial loss is a serious matter to the manufacturer.

In accordance with the present invention I provide a novel method of weaving, to gether with apparatus adapted to facilitate the practice of such method, whereby the amount of waste material may be reduced to a minimum without necessitating any spe cial skill on the part of the weaver, and without requiring any substantial change in the loom structure or in the pattern mechanism proper, while at the same time increasing the production of saleable material per loom.

In practicing my novel method I continue to weave the material in the usual manner until I have completed the full complement of repeats of the pattern desired to form a cut of material for removal from the loom. At the end of the last repeat, instead of be ginning a complete new repeat of the pattern in usual manner to form an attaching flap or waste end, I continue weaving but with a reversal of the pattern repeat for a certain number of picks, for example until from twelve to eighteen inches of material have been woven. I now preferably, though not necessarily, weave in a cut marker in usual manner to indicate the point at which the fabric will subsequently be cut. I then again reverse the pattern and continue to weave until a like number of picks have been woven forward.

At the end of this last series of picks the pattern n'zechanism occupies the same position as at the end of the last full repeat of the pattern, and is in readiness to begin another orderly repeat of the pattern to start a new cut. The material is now cut substantially at the middle of the short length of v 100 material thus provided intermediate the last full repeat of the pattern and the beginning of this newrepeat, thereby leaving a short attaching flap at the end of the completed cut and at .the beginning of the new cut. Since these attaching flaps may be made as short as desired, with due regard to their intended function as connecting means, and since they may thus form but a small fraction of an entire repeat of the pattern, it is evident that a substantial saving in manufacturing costs results from the practice of this new'method.

To facilitate the practice of this method as applied to Jacquard looms, I provide the jacquard mechanism of theloom with a turnback device, which is set into motion by the weaver'at the end of the last full'pattern repeat which is to be included in a. cut. Thereupon-the jacquard begins a reverse motion'which is continued for a predetermined number of picks, forexample until eighteen inches of the pattern have been woven backwards, whereupon the jacquard mechanism automatically begins its forward movement,

.thus weaving a similar small section of the fabric forwardly. This continues until the acquard pattern has been returned to the beginningof a new full repeat of thepattern,

whereupon the jacquard continues in usual manner. to produce a new series of repeats of the pattern. The short length of material produced while the jacquard is turning backwardly and then forwardly to its start ing point is cut across substantially at its middlepoint as above described, thus leaving short flaps attached respectively, to the cut which is removed from the loom and to thebeginning of the new cut.

In the accompanying drawings, I have illustrated certain steps of my novel method and have also shown'one desirable embodiment of mechanism for use in the practice of this method'upon a Jacquard loom, it being understood'that the mechanism here disclosed is by way of example only, that the principle thereof may be used in the control of other types of pattern mechanism, and that the method here described may be carried into effect other and equivalent "IZQGChZtIllSIIlS or manually if desired.

In the drawings:

1 is a diagrammatic plan view illustrating portions of two successive cuts of woven fabric as produced in the 100m in accordance with the present invention, each .cut comprisinga series of pattern repeats;

Fig. '2 is an edge viewillustrating two cuts'of fabric produced by the method of Fig. 1 united by a seam preparatory to the finishing operation; f Fig". 3 is a'view showing the relatively short lengths ofiwaste material produced by the present process;

Fig. 4. is an end'elevation, partly in section, and with many details omitted, showing a acquard loomprovided with mechanism for use in the practice of the method herein described;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary front-elevation, to larger scale, of the jacquard controlling mechanism employed in practicing the improved method, and showing the parts in the normal position for forward drive of the jacquard cards;

Fig. 6 is a view similarto Fig. 5, but omitting all of the parts except the drive "pawl controlling devices, the 'latterbeing shown in position to initiate reverse drive of the cards; i

- Fig.7 is. a fragmentary section on the line 743i Fig. 6; V

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary plan view, to larger scale, of the left-hand'portionof the mechanism illustrated in Fig. 5

Fig. 9 is an end elevation looking from the left-hand side of Fig. 5, with certain parts in section, showing the control mechanism in its normal position in which the jacquard cards are driven forwardly;

Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9 but showing the control mechanism disposed to drive the jacquard cards reversely; and

F ig. '11 is an elevation of the mechanism shown in Fig. 9, but from the opposite side.

In accordance with my presentprocess,as indicated in Figs. 1 and 2,1 produce the series A of repeats in usual manner, but at the end of the last repeat of this series, instead of proceeding normally to weave a waste repeat to provide the desired attaching flaps, I reverse the pattern mechanism and cause the loom to weave the pattern backwardly for a predetermined distance forming a short section A. At the end of this section I may, if desired, weave in a cut marker, that is to say, a weft of distinct color or character to indicate the point at which the fabric will later be severed. I then again reverse the pattern mechanism so as to cause it to move forwardly and weave the section B corresponding in length to the section A. Preferably as shown in Fig. 3 the sections A and B are very substantially less in length than a full repeat of the pattern, but at the end of the section Bthe pattern mechanism has been returned to its starting point so that it is ready to continue with the weaving of a full repeat 13 of the next series of repeats. The fabric is now severed along the line C at the cut marker thus leaving relatively short flaps A and B' to be used in uniting successive cuts preliminary to the finishing WhileI contemplate that the above method may be carried out in various ways and by the use of various forms of mechanism, and while it is broadly independent of the particular type of. pattern mechanism which may beemployechl have here chosen to illustrate mechanism for practicing this process upon a' drop-box color-changing loom provided the weaving of blankets and similar materials.

In Fig. at I have indicated the loom 1 which may be of any usual type, comprising the usual weaving instrumentalities, and having the jacquard mechanism 2 mounted above the loom proper in the usual way, the jacquard having sui able connections for manipulating the warp yarns.

A common form of jacquard mechanism employs two series of jacquard cards which aremoved alternately step by step. and while the present invention is of broader utility, I have chosen'herein to illustrate mechanism useful in connection with a acquard employing two series of cards, although it is equally applicable, by the mere omission of parts, to a single chain jacquard mechanism.

' Referring to Figs. 5 and 3, l have illustrated certain parts of the jacquard proper. The two series of jacquard cards are indi cated at 3 and l respective y, said series passing around the usual driving drums and 6. These drums are mounted to turn in journals on rods 7 and 8 respectively, sliding in suitable bearings and having slotted brackets 9 10 which engage drivi 3; rollers 11 and 12 respectively carried by the vertically sliding rods 13 and 1-45 respectively. The rods 13 and 1% are reciprocated vertically by means of levers l5 and 16 actuated by cams or other suitable devices not shown. movement of the rods 13 and let transnii o through the cam slots in the bracket... 9 and 3.0 to the rollers 11 and 12, and thus recipro cates the bars 7 and 8 in usual manner.

Each of the drums 5 and 6 is provided at one or both ends with projecting pins 17 and 18 respectively. As here shown each drum is provided with four such pins. A forward driving pawl 19 pivotally supported at 20 normally successive pins 17 of the drum 5 so that as the rod 7 is reciprocated, the drum 5 is turned, step by step, thus advancing the series 3 of cards in t 1e normal or forward direction. In the same way, the forward driving pawl 19, pivoting at 21, normally cooperates w th the pins 18 of drum 6 to advance the series 4 of cards in the normal or forward direction.

The above described parts of the jacquard mechanism form no essential feature of the present invention being usual and welllrnown and are described herein order that the operation of my new mechanism may be fully comprehended.

My'new mechanism, now about to be described, comprises a base or frame 22 (Fig. 5) which may conveniently be mounted upon beam 23 constituting one of the usual supports for the jacquard mechanism. This base or frame 22 is provided with op ra to which are pivot brackets 24 and 2a cured the levers 26 and 2-7, respectively.

of these levers, for example, the lever 27, is provided with a forked end to receive the adjacent end of the opposite lever 26. The adjacent ends of the levers are connected by means of a pin 28. A spring 29 (Fig. 10) is connected to one of the levers, or to the pin 28, as may be most convenient and this spring tends to hold the levers in the position indicated in Fig. 5, with the pin 28 above the horizontal plane of the pivots of the levers.

The outer ends the levers 26 and 27 are provided w 0. slots recei' ing pins projecting from the lower ends of rods 30 and 31 guided to slide vertically in brackets 32 and 33, respectively. The rods 30 and 31 are provided at their upper ends with pawl lifter nnmbers 34: and respectively which under 19 of the drums 5 and 6, but when the 26 and 27 are moved to the position indicated in Fig. 9, the rods 30 and 31 are r ised, thus elevatizg the pawl lifters 34 and 35 and reusing the pawls 19 and 19 to ino erative position.

in accordance with the present invention, 1 provide a reverse driving pawl 36 pivotally supported at 33 and normally occupying an inoperative position. with respect to the pins 17 as indicated in Fig. 5. A similar pawl 37, 'voted at 39, is adapted to cooperate with he pins 18 of the drums 6, but this pawl 37 normally inoperative.

Referring to Fig. 7, the pawl 36 is connected by means of a tension spring 4.0 to a bracket arm 4E1 projecting from the pawl r member In a similar way, the pawl 37 is connected by a spring, not shown, to a bracket projecting from the pawl lifter 35. T he tendency of these springs is to lift the pawls 36 and 37 into OPBl'tlliVG engagement with the pins 17 and 1S, and in order to prevent such enga emcnt normally. I provide the rod 3-) with a collar 42 and the rod 31 with a similar collar The collar 42 carries a hold 'ilown arm ll, the collar 43 h. ing a siini tar arm, (not shown) and these arms norn'ially engage the pawls 36 and 37 an 'l hold the latter down in inoperative posimeans, for example, a suitably shaped cam cf r series of cams may be substituted there- In the normal position of the parts, that is to say, when the pawls l9 and 19 are operating to drive the series 3 and 4 of pattern cards in the forward direction, the chain 49 occupies the position shown in Fig. 11, where a pattern lug 50 engages a lever 51 pivoted at 52, thus holding the lever in elevated position. The lever 51 is connected by a link 53 to a latch lever 54 having a latch toe 55 adapted at times to overlie the lever arm 27 above described, but normally out of engagement therewith as shown in Fig. 11. A spring 56 tends to swing the lever 54 in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 11, thus tending to move the latchtoe 55into operative relation to the lever 27.

An arm 57 (Fig. 10) is mounted to swing freely on the shaft 45, and this arm is connected by a link 58 to a lever 59 pivoted at 60 and overlying the lever 26 at a point near the pin 28. A rod 61 is pivotally secured to the lower end of the link 58 and this rod hangs down at the front of the loom and is provided with a handle 62 at a point within convenient reach ofthe weaver. A spring 63 normally holds the arm 57 in elevated position as shown in Fig. 9. r v

A pawl 64, (Fig. 11) is carriedv by the arm 57 and engages the teeth 47 of the ratchet wheel 46 so that when the arm 57 is swung downwardly by means of the handle 62, the ratchet wheel will'be turned. A locking pawl 64 (Fig. 10) also engages the teeth of the ratchet wheel 46 to prevent reverse movement of the wheel.

An actuating pawl 65 is carried by an arm 66 mounted on a shaft 67 turning in suitable bearings'inthe frame, and this shaft also carries an arm 68 which is engaged by a cam arm 69 (.Fig. 10) projecting from a bracket 70 secured to the vertically moving rod, 13.

As the cam arm 69 moves downwardly it swings the arm 68 in a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 9, and thus rocks the arm 66 with the pawl 65 in the same direction. A spring 71 tends to. move the arms 66 and 68 in the opposite direction. The pawl 65 has a guard 65. The actuator pawl 65 is normally held out of engagement with the teeth of the ratchet wheel 46 by means of a pawl lifter 72. This lifter is'connected at its lower end to the pin 28 and slides in a guide opening in a bracket 73.;

The operation of the above mechanism is substantially as follows, it being assumed that the loom isweaving in orderly fashion a succession of pattern repeats A (Fig. 1) each controlled by the jacquard mechanism. During this normal weaving operation'the levers 26 and 27 are positioned as shown in Fig. 5, holding the reverse pawls 36 and 37 in inoperative position, while the forward drive pawls 19 and 19 continue to move the jacquard cards forwardly step by step.

During this normal weaving, the ratchet wheel 46 is stationary, a pattern lug 50, by engagement with lever 51 holds the latch 55 out of operative position, and the pawl lifter 72 holds the actuator pawl 65 out of engagement with the teeth of the ratchet. wheel 46.

When the predetermined number of pattern repeats A to form a cut of fabric hasbeen completed, the-operator seizes the handle 62 and pulls it down-while the shuttle is in its box at one side of the loom, thus turning the ratchet wheel 46 by .the action' of pawl 64, thereby removing the pattern lug 50 from below the arm 51 and releasing the latch 55, and simultaneously causing the lever 59 to engage the lever 26, thus swinging the levers 26 and 27 down, thereby lowering pawl lifter 7 2 and permitting actuator pawl 65 to engage the teeth 47 of ratchet 46. At the end of the downward movement of levers 26 and 27, the latch 55 snaps over the arm 27 thus holding the levers in the position shown in Fig. 6. As the levers move down, the pawl lifters 34 and 35 lift the forward drive pawls 19 and 19-" out of operative position, and

simultaneously the springs 40 raise the pawls 36 and 37 into operative position. As the drums 5 and 6 continue to reciprocate, the action of the pawls 36 and 37 causes the series 3 and 4 of jacquard cards to travel in the reverse direction, and although the weaving instruinentalities continue to weavein normal manner, the fabric A (Fig. 1) produced has the pattern in reverse order. Ifacolor-changing drop-box loom is employed, this reverse portion of the pattern will usually exhibit an abnormal color arrangement, but since the section of material now being woven is eventually cut off and becomes waste, this is immaterial. 7

As soon as the pawl elevating member 72 is moved out of operative position, the pawl 65 begins to turn the ratchet wheel 46, thus progressing the chain 49 until eventually the lug 50 or another lug of similar character and function carried by the chain 49, engages the lever 51 and lifts the latter, thus swinging the latch 55 out of engagement with the arm 27, it being understood that upon release of the handle 62 by the operator, the spring 63 immediately returns the arms 57 and 59 to normal elevated position. Therelease of the latch 55 thus permits the spring 29 to return the levers 26 and 27 to the position shown in Fig. 5, throwing the pawls 36 and 37 out of action and permitting the forward drive pawls 19 and 19 to resume theforward drive of the jacquard cards. Simultaneously with the return of the arms 26 and 27 to normal position, the pawl lifter 72 returns the actuator'pawl 65 to its inoperative position, and the ratchet wheel 46 becomes stationary, thus restoring the control mechanism to its original position. The loom now continues to weave while the jacquard cards move in the forward direction thus causing those cards which were reversed to weave a portion B (Fig. l) of the pattern forwardly, such portion corresponding to that portion which was reversed. lt hen all of the cards which were driven reversely have thus been used up, the series of cards is brought to a position cor responding to the beginning of a new complete repeat of the pattern and is thus ready to continue to weave a new series of repeats.

It is thus clear that the mechanism above described permits the weaver, at the end of a cut, to start the control mechanism into action simply by pulling down on the handle 62 and may then give the mechanism no further attention since at the end of the desired length of reverse pattern the mechanism automaticallystarts forward again and,'at the proper point, commences a new series of full repeats. The mechanism is relatively simple and easy and cheap to construct, and it may be applied to jacquard or other pattern mechanism of usual type without substantial modification or change in the later. While I have herein disclosed one desirable form of mechanism usual for the purpose, I contemplate that other and equivalent means may readily be substituted and that various changes in proportions, size, relative arrangement of parts and the substitution of equivalents may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

1 claim 1. That method of weaving textile fabric having a series of recurrent pattern repeats which comprises as steps weaving a predetermined number of complete repeats, weaving in continuation thereof and with the same pattern a section of fabric less in length than a full pattern repeat, commencing a full reof the pattern in continuation of said short section, and cutting the fabric transversely across at a point intermediate the ends of said short section.

That method of weaving textile fabric having a series of recurrent pattern repeats which comprises as steps weaving a predetermined number of complete repeats, and then weaving a predetermined number of picks with the same pattern reversed and the same number of picks in the forward direcof the pattern. 3. Apparatus of the class described comprising means for weaving fabric having a series of complete recurrent pattern repeats, and meansjoperative at the completion of such a repeat to cause the weaving means to in c a section of fabric less in length than a full repeat but terminating in a pick corresponding to the last pick of a full repeat, said final pick being followed by a full repeat of another series of repeats.

at. That methodofweaving textile fabrichaving a series of recurrent pattern repeats which comprises as steps weaving a predetermined number of complete repeats, then weaving a predetermined number of picks with the pattern reversed, and then weavin the same number of picks forward to the beginning of a complete repeat, and continuing to weave full repeats of the pattern in succession.

5. That method of weaving textile fab ric having a series of recurrent pattern repeats which comprises as steps completing the last repeat of such a series, weaving in succession thereto a section of fabric less than a full repeat in length but terminating in a final pick corresponding to the last pick of a fuil repeat, and thereafter, following said final pick, beginning a full repeat of another series.

6. That method of weaving textile fabric having a series of recurrent pattern repeats which comprises as steps weaving a predetermined number of complete repeats each comprising apredetermincd number of picks,

then weaving a series of picks less than the number necessary to form a complete repeat, said series terminating with a final pick corresponding to the last pick of a complete repeat, weaving, in succession to said final pick,

a pick adapted to constitute the first pick of a full repeat, and continuing to weave to form a new series of full repeats.

7. That method of preparing woven cloth for the finishingoperation which comprises as steps weaving a length of cloth containing a predetermined number of full repeats of a selected pattern, then weaving a fractional portion ofone repeat backwardly, weaving in a cut marker, weaving a duplicate fractional portion of said pattern repeat forwardly,

at the end of said latter fractional repeat starting the weaving of a new series of repeats, cutting the fabric transversely at the cut marker, and using the backwardly woven fractional repeat portion of the fabric as an attaching flap in uniting the material to another piece.

8. Apparatus of the'class described comprising means for weaving fabric having a series of complete recurrent pattern repeats, and means for causing the weaving means, at the end of a selected complete repeat to weave a predetermined number of picks with the pattern reversed and then to weave the same number of picks in the forward direction of the pattern.

9. Apparatus of the class described comprising means for weaving fabric having a series of complete recurrent pattern repeats, and means for causing the weaving means, at the end of selected repeat to weave a predetermined number of picks with the pattern reversed, and then to weave the same number of picks in the forward direction of the pattern and automatically to cease interfering with the. normal operation of the pattern means. r

10. Apparatus of the class described comprising Weaving instrumentalities and pattern means for controlling the operation thereof whereby normally to weave a. series of full pattern repeats, means normally operative to drive the pattern means in a forward direction, and means manually operable at the completion of a selected full repeat of the pattern to initiate movement of the pattern means in reverse direction while weaving less than a full repeat of the pattern.

11.;Apparatus of the class described for use with a loom having weaving instrumentalities and means for actuatingv them, pattern means for controlling them, and means for driving said pattern means in a normal direction whereby to weave a series of full pattern repeats, said apparatus comprising means for'temporarily taking control of the drive of the'pattern means during the Weaving of an abnormal pattern.

talities and means for actuating them, pat

12. Apparatus of the class describedfor use with a loom having weaving instrumentalities and means for actuating them, pattern means for controllingthem, and means 7 for driving said pattern means in a normal forward direction whereby to weave a series of full pattern repeats, said apparatus comprising means for temporarily taking control of the drive of the pattern means and for moving said pattern means in reverse direction during the weaving of a-section of fabric less in length than ,a full-repeat of the pattern. i v

13. Apparatus of the class described for usewith a loom having weaving instrumentern' means for controlling them, and means for driving said pattern means 1n a normal forward direction whereby to weave a series.

of" full pattern repeats, saidapparatus comprising means for reversing the movement of the pattern means during the weaving of a predetermined number of picks, and for automatically starting the pattern means. for ward at the completion of said predetermined number of picks. I

v1 4. Apparatus of the class described comprising weaving instrumentalities and pattern means for controlling the operation thereof whereby normallyto weave aseries of full pattern repeats, means normally 'oper-- ativeto drivethe" pattern means in a for ward direction, and means operablejat the completion of a selected full repeat of the pattern to reverse the pattern means during theweaving of a predetermined length of material less than a full repeat and uponcompletion of said length automatically to start" 7 I driving the pattern means in the forward direction again. Y r

j 15. Apparatus of the class described for use with a loom having weaving instrumentalities and means for actuating them, pattern means for controlling them, and means for driving said pattern means in a normal forward direction while weaving a series of full pattern repeats, said apparatus comprising means for throwing out of action the means for driving the pattern means in a forward directionand for throwing into action means I control means for temporarily throwing the forward 'drive'means out of action and for movingthe pattern means in reverse direction, and timing means for throwing-the control means out of operation after the weaving of a predetermined number of picks and for restoringthe forward drive means to action. v

17. Apparatus of the class described for use wlth a loom havmg weaving instrumentalities and means-for actuating them, pat-' tern means for controlling them, and means for driving said pattern meansiin a normal forward direction whereby to weave a series of full patternrepeats, said apparatus comprising control means includingmeansfor temporarily moving the forward drive means to inoperative position and a latch for retainlng it out of'action, and timing means operatlve after apredetermlned number of picks to release the retaining latch to permit the forwarddrive means to resume its normal function. 4 v

' 18. Apparatus of the class described for use with a loom having weaving instrumentalities and means for actuating them, pat tern'means for controlling them, and means for driving said pattern means'in a normal forward directionjwhereby to weave a series of full pattern repeats, said apparatus comprising control means for temporarily moving theforward'drive means to inoperative pos1t1on and a latch for retaining it out of action, means for moving the pattern means ln-reverse direction while the forward dr1ve is inactive, and timing means operative to release theretaininglatch to permit the for ward drive means to resume its normal func tion. Y v

19. Apparatus of the class described for use with a "loom having weaving instrumentalities and means for'actuating them, pattern means for controlling them,,and a driv-r ing pawl normally-operative to move the pat tern means step by step in a forward d1rection, said apparatus comprising means for throwing said pawl out offajction, a latch for ingpawl normally holding said pawl out of action, and timing means for releasing said latch to restore the driving pawl to action a ter a predetermined number of picks.

20. Apparatus of the class described for use with a loom having weaving instrumentalitiesand means for actuating them, pattern means for controlling them, and a dr.iv ing pawl normally operative to move the pat tern means step by step in a forward direction, said apparatus comprising means for throwing said pawl out of action, a latch for holding said pawl out of action, a second pawl, operative while the first is out of action, for driving the pattern means in reverse direction, and timing means for releasing the latch to restore the first pawl to action after a predetermined number of picks.

21. Apparatus of the class described for use with a loom having weaving instrumentalities and means for actuating them tern means for controlling patthem, and a drivoperative to move the pattern means step by step in a forward. direction, said apparatus comprising means for throwing said pawl out of action, a latch for holding said pawl out of action, and means for releasing the latch comprising a ratchet wheel, a normally inoperative actuating pawl which becomes operative to move the ratchet wheel when the pattern driving pawl be comes inoperative, and an endless chain driven by the ratchet wheel, and a latch leasing lug on the chain.

22. Apparatus of the class described for use with a loom havingweaving instrumen talities and means for actuating them, pat tern means for controlling them, and a driving pawl normally operative to move the pattern means step by step in a forward direction, said apparatus comprising means for throwing said pawl out of action, a latch for holding said forward drive pawl out of action,,a normally inoperative reverse drive pawl which is moved into action simultaneously with the throwing out of the forward drive pawl, thereby driving the pattern means in reverse direction, and means compris g; moving endless chain for releasing said l itch after a predetermined interval to restore the forward drive pawl to operation.

23. Apparatus of the class described for use with a loom having weaving instrumentalities, means for actuating then pattern means for controlling them, and a driving pawl normally operative to move the pattern means step by step in a forward direction,

' said apparatus comprisi means for throwing said pawl out of action, a latch for holding said pawl out of action, and means for releasing the latch after a predetermined interval, said latch releasing means comprising a ratchet wheel, an actuating pawl for turning the ratchet wheel, and a pattern du vice actuated by the wheel.

24. Apparatus of the class described for use with a loom having weaving instrumentalities and means for actuating them, pattern means for controlling them, and a driving pawl normally operative to move the pattern means step by step in a forward direction, said apparatus comprising means for throwing said pawl out of action, a latch for holding said pawl out of action, and means for releasing the latch after a predetermined interval, said latch releasing means comprising a ratchet wheel, an actuating pawl for turning the ratchet wheel, and a pattern chain driven by the wheel, said chain carrying a latch releasing lug.

25. Apparatus of the class described for use with a drop-box color-changing loom having weaving instr mentalities and means for actuating them, jacquard mechanism ineluding pattern cards united in series, and a pawl normally operative to advance the series of cards in a forward direction, said apparatus comprising means for throwing said pawl out of action and for moving less than the entire series of cards in a reverse direction while the loom continues to weave a predetermined number of picks.

26. An attachment for controlling a jacquard mechanism having means normally operative to move a series of pattern cards forward step by step, said attachment com.- prising reverse drive means, a manually actuable handle, connections therefrom for throwing out of action. the forward drive means and for throwing into action the reverse drive means, and automatic means for causing the forward drive means again to become effective before the entire series of cards has been reversed.

27. An attachment for controlling a jacquard mechanism having means normally operative to move a series of pattern cards forward, said attachment comprising reverse drive means, a manually actuahle handle and connections therefrom for throwing the forward drive means out of action and for throwing into action the reverse drive m ans, and timing means for causing the reverse drive means to become inoperative and the forward drive means to resume operation after a predetermined interval and before the entire series of cards has been re versed.

28. An attachment for controlling a jacquard mechanism having a pawl normally operative to move a series of pattern cards forward step by step, said attachment comprising a reverse drive pawl, a manually actuable handle and connections therefrom for throwing out the forward drive pawl and for throwing into action the reverse drive pawl, latch means for retaining the forward drive pawl out of action, and timing means for automatically releasing the latch means to permit the forward drive pawl to resume tuation of said manually actuable device, V for releasing said latch means to permit the operation and the reverse pawl to become inoperative before the entire series of cards has been reversed.

29. Apparatus of the class described for use with a drop-box color-changing loom having weaving instrumentalities and means for actuating them, jacquard mechanism including pattern cards united in series, and a pawl normally operative to advance the series of cards in-a forward direction, said apparatus comprising means for throwing said pawl out of action, means for moving the series of cards in the reverse directionfor a predetermined number of picks, and'means automaticallyoperative to throw the reverse drive means out of action and to restore the driving pawl to action before the entire series of cards has been reversed.

3O. Apparatus of theclass described for use with a drop-box color-changing loom having weaving instrumentalities, and means for actuating them, jacquard mechanism including pattern cards united in series, and a pawlnormally operative to advance the series of cards in a forward direction, said apparatus comprising manually, actuable means for throwing said driving pawl out of action, and means for progressing the series of cards in the reverse directionfor a predetermined number of picks and then automatically restoring the driving pawl to operative position to move the series of cards forwardly again before the entire series of cards has been reversed.

31. Apparatus of the class described for use with a drop-box color-changing loom having weaving instrumentalities and means for actuating them, j acquard'mechanism including pattern cards united in series, and a pawl normally operative to advance the series of cards in a forward direction, said apparatus comprising a manually actuable device for moving the driving pawl to inoper-- ative posit-ion, latch means for holding the pawl in inoperative position, means for moving the series of cards in reverse direction while the driving pawl is inoperative, and timing means, set into operation by acdriving pawlto become operative after a predetermined time.

An attachment forv controlling a jacquard. mechanism having a pawlnorinally operative to move a series of pattern cards forward step by step, said attachment comprising a reverse drive pawl, a manually actuable handle and connections therefrom for throwing out the forward drive pawl and.

fortlirowing into action the reverse drive pawl, spring means tending to hold the forward drive pawl in operative position, latch means for holding the forward drive pawl in inoperative position, and timing means op- V erative, after a predetermined period of opprising a ratchet wheel and a normally inoperative actuating pawl therefor, and manually operable means for throwingthe forward drive pawls out of operative position, and fer'throwing the reverse drive pawls and the timing actuator pawl into operation, the timing means operating after. a predet rinined period of movement to cause the reverse drive pawls and the timing actuator pawl to become. inoperative and the forward drive pawls to resume operation before the entire series of cards has been reversed.

, 34. Apparatus of the class described for use with afdrop-box color-changing loom having weaving instrumentalities and means for actuating them, jacquard mechanism including pattern cards united in series, and a pawl normally operative to advance the series cards in a forward direction, said apparatus comprising a normally inoperative erative iosition and to set the timin actu ator into operation, the timing means comprising apart operative after a predetermined interval'to release the latch thereby throwing the forward drive pawl into action and the reverse drive pawl out of action'and to throw-the timing actuator out of action.

35.'Apparatus of the class described for use with a drop-box color-changing loom having weaving instrumentalities and means for actuating them, jacquard mechanism including pattern cards united in series, and

a pawl normally operative to advancethe series of cards in a forward direction, said apparatus"comprising a normally inoperative reverse drive pawl for turning the series" of cards in the reverse direction, timing means comprising aratchet wheel and a normally inoperative actuating pawl therefor,

latch means for temporarily holding the for ward drive pawl in inoperative position, an'

endless chain forming an element of the timing means, said chain having a projecting lug, the chain normally being stationary, and

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a manually operable device for turning the ratchet wheel and timing chain whereby to carry the lug out of normal position, said manually operable device also moving the 6 forward drive pawl to inoperative position where it is retained by the latch and causing the reverse drive pawl and timing actuator pawl to start operation, the lug on the timing chain when returned by the chain 10 to its normal position disengaging the latch from the forward drive pawl and causing the reverse drive pawl and the timing actuator pawl to become inoperative.

Signed by me at Boston, Massachusetts, 15 this 7th day of August, 1928.

GEORGE H. PERKINS.

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