US1776895A - Double-acting internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 30, 1930. G, g guso 1,776,895

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Filed July 20; 1928 MIR P BY F1544. 0M4. MM a.

Patented Sept. 30, 1930 i GEORGE rnaeuson, F

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Y FREBES socmrea omm, .oriwinrnnrrrun, SWITZERLAND DOUBLE-AC ING meemaeomtsme ENGINE This invention relates to double-acting in-.

ternal combustion engines of the kind in which the cylinder is providedwith a a'cket i acket is p-rovlded with a removable lnner.

containing a 'removable inner cylindrical member or barrel tormmgor carrying-a provide a cylinder of relatively lightlconstruction while cap-ableof'withstanding considerable internal pressures.

According to this invention thejcylinder cylindrical member or barrelthe end of which nearest the crankshaft isofreduced diameter or partially closed so asto form a neck; and a detachable annular member or plug is'pro5 vide'd. adapted to cooperate with'or engage the neck; in such amanner thatt-heba'rrel and the plug together form a complete unit to accommodate the piston and, piston rod. Either the barrel} or the plug or both these parts are supported by or connected to the jacket, the arrangement-being sucli'th'atlrelatively light bolts or studs'can be employed since some of the pressures which are developed within the cylinder are transmitted to the jacket through the shoulders or partially closed end of the barrel leaving only the remaining pressures to be dealt with the removable annular plug. Th'eplug is turnished with a stuffing box or otherpacking means for the piston rod and in one construction the plug tormsthemeans of connection betweenthe barrelandthe ticket. 1 1,

Preferably the shoulders of the. barrel, ile.

the partially closed end surrounding the neck,

' are formed rounded and are provided "with one or more openings to receive the valves or parts of the valves controlling the working chamber ada-jacent to the'crank, Theplug may be connected in the cylinder jacket by means of a bayonet joint so thatit readily withdrawn or any otherkn-own meansmay be employed.

Three constructions according tot this in vention are illustrated somewhat diagram matically by way of example in the accom panying drawings, in which v Figure 1' is a vertical cross-section sh0w=- ing the lower portion ofthecylinder of a" -Figures 2 and 3 aresimilarviews of modified constructions;

:1. Figure 4 is a vertical cross-section dia liner for the piston, and has fOI1tSOb]C-t togrammatically illustrating a complete double acting engine in accordance with the invention. Fig. 5 is a detailed section on line 55 of In the construction illustrated in Figure double-acting internalcombustion engine, and

1, the piston rod l-carriesa piston 2 adapted the barrel"b eing furnished with a flange adapted to engage an internal shoulder 41 on the cylinder'jacket. The lower end of the barrel is partially closed or of reduced diameter so as to form a neck 10 adapted to-receive a-removable annular plug 5 furnished withfa central'aperture 6 toreceive a stufiing box having agland 7 to reciprocate in aremovable barrel 3 which j may also constitute a l ner,'thelower end of The plug 5' containsafhollow chamberS to contain a' cooling medium and issecured to the barrel by bolts 15, the diameter of the plug being so small that it has only to withstand a relatively small part of the working pressures so that the bolts 15 may be of light construction. wallof the barrel 3 andthe inner wall of the jacket constitutes a cooling chamber 9. It

The space between the outerj will be seen thatthe removable barrel and l the plug 5 together form a complete unit to accommodate the piston-and its rod.

The shoulder of the. barrel, i. e. partially closed end surrounding the neck is preferably rounded as showngiving a cup-like shapeto the lower combustion chamber and thus avoiding'projecting corners which re- 1 duces heat losses. A portion of the pressure of the Workingfiuid is transmitted to the cylinder jacket through the shoulderof'the Y barrel Without'necessitating the use of bolts for dealing with this portion of the pressure.

- In the construction"illustrated in Figure 1, afterthepiston hasbeen removed through I the'cylinder, the lowerhalf ofthe cylinder 7 may be detached and withdrawn upwards as a single unit or tliebarrel, the jacket and theplugmay be individually withdrawn.

If the acket and. the plug are of the relative dimensions shown by the dotted lines 13 and 14 in Figure 1, the plug and barrel can be withdrawn as a unit without disturbing the jacket.

In the modified construction shown in Figure 2, the plug 5 directly bears against a shoulder on the jacket 4 'whilst'the barrel bears against a. shoulder on'the plug. Thus the plug serves to connect the jacket to the barrel.

In Figure 3 a further modification is illustrated in which there is a bayonet joint between the removable plug and the cylinder jacket, an annular plate 16 furnished with the necessary slots being connected to the cylinder jacket by scrcwthrczujled members 17; At its upper end the plug is provided with a flange or shoulder to engage a corresponding shoulder in tl e neck portion oi the barrel so that the bayonet joint serves to retain in position not only the plug but also the barrel. lVhen the plug is to be removed the screws 17 are slackencd oil and the annular plate turned and allowed to fall whereupon the plug alone or together with the barrel may be withdrawn upwards through the cylinder. The View of the bayonet plug shown in Fig. 5 is that as it appears when tightened or released. The checks 21 are associated with thecylinder cover plug 5, but the cheeks 20 Contact with the bayonet plug plate 16. It the cylinder cover is to be tightened, the bayonet plug plate 16' is pushed from the'bottom to the top axially in the position shown in Fig. 5 until it has reached the level represented in Fig. 3, whereafter the bayonet plug plate rotated by 60 in a manner such that the axis A. (Fig. 5) moves into the position B. As a result, the check 20 of the bayonet plug 16 is pushed over the check 21 oi? the cylinder covers. In this position, the screws 17 are tightened so that the whole system is united rigidly. In releasing the bayonet plug 16. the revs o process is employed. First, the screws 17 are released, then the axis A of the bayonet plug, which is in the position B, is rotated back again by 60 so that the bayonet plug will occupy the position represented in Fig.

5, after which movement the bayonet plug directly drops out toward the bottom..

It becomes evident ironi Fig. 4 that on general principles the subject matter of the invention. can be used just as well for the upper as for the lower half of the cylinder. If as according to Fig. 3,.thc cylinder head is also used for the upper half'of the cylinder, the place of the piston rozl 1 and the associated stufiing box 6, 7 will be occupied by a filler'which contains the fuel valves and the remaining members required for running the engine.

It will be appreciated that the invention is equally applicable to engines having horizontal or inclined cylinders and that the particular construction of the barrel and liner will Vary in accordance with the nature and dimensions of the internal combustion engine.

I claim:

1; In a double-acting internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder jacket of a. removable cylinder liner having its end nearest the crank-shaft reduced to form a neck, and a detachable plug extending into said neck and forming with said liner a com plete unit supported by said acket.

2. In a double-acting internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder j acket of a removable cylinder liner having its end nearest the crank-shaft reduced to form a neck, and a detachable plug shouldered on said jacket and telescoping into said neck, said plug forming with said liner a complete unit supported by said jacket.

3. In a double-acting internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder jacket of a removable cylinder liner having its end nearest the crankshaft rounded and reduced to form a neck, and a detachable plug extending into said neck and closing the rounded end of said liner, said plug formin g withsaid liner a complete unit supported by said jacket.

4. In a double-acting internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder jacket of a removable cylinder liner, having itscnd nearest the crank shaft reduced to "form a neck, a detachable plug extending into said neck, said plug having a rounded end closing said neck, and means for supporting said plug and liner on said acket.

5. In a double-acting internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder jacket of a removable cylinder liner having its end nearest the crank shaft reduced to form a neck, a detachable plug extending into said neck and forming a complete unit with said liner, and a detachable locking plate engaging said plug and said jacket and locking said plug and liner to said jacket.

6. In a double-acting internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder jacket of a removable cylinder liner having its end nearest the crank reduced to form a neck, a detachable plugadapted-to engage saidneck and form a complete unit with said liner, said plug having bayonet joint lugs thereon; and an annular plate adapted to cooperate with said lugs and releasably lock said plug to said jacket.

In testimony whereof I have atllxed my signature. 7

- GEORGE FERGUSON.

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