US1773123A - Emulsion - Google Patents
Emulsion Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1773123A US1773123A US303979A US30397928A US1773123A US 1773123 A US1773123 A US 1773123A US 303979 A US303979 A US 303979A US 30397928 A US30397928 A US 30397928A US 1773123 A US1773123 A US 1773123A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- wax
- acids
- oxidized
- composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 15
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 11
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 8
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 6
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- NYQDCVLCJXRDSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromofos Chemical compound COP(=S)(OC)OC1=CC(Cl)=C(Br)C=C1Cl NYQDCVLCJXRDSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001397173 Kali <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000276489 Merlangius merlangus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004264 Petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940066842 petrolatum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
- C09K23/38—Alcohols, e.g. oxidation products of paraffins
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S516/00—Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; processes of
- Y10S516/924—Significant dispersive or manipulative operation or step in making or stabilizing colloid system
- Y10S516/927—Significant dispersive or manipulative operation or step in making or stabilizing colloid system in situ formation of a colloid system making or stabilizing agent which chemical reaction
Definitions
- soaps of the acids derived from the oxidation of hydro :arbon waxes and particularly oxidized paralfin Wax, petrolatum and the like are highly suitable emulsifying agents for such compositions.
- compositions comprising a lubricating oil and soaps of oxidized hydrocarbon wax, with or without other ingredients.
- Such compositions are usually gels at ordinary temperature, but can be readily dispersed in practically all proportions in soft "water and within wide proportions in hard water, to give very stable emulsions.
- Any suitable oil may be employed, but it is preferred to employ hydrocarbon lubrieating oils.
- an additional emulsifying agent for example, a quantity of another soap or the free acid thereof.
- I may add oleic, undecylenic, sulfonated or other acids or the soluble salts thereof or any other suitable emulsifving agent.
- a small amount of alcohol may be incorporated in the emulsifiabl'e composition for the purpose of aiding initial dispersion. It is also preferred to incorporate in the composition a small amount of water, which aids in dispersion and assists in retaining the alcohol.
- Paraffin wax of melting point about 123 F. is oxidized at about 320 to 350 F. by blow ing with air for six to seven hours.
- the mixture is saponified with lime, the lime soap separated and the corresponding acids pre- Application ifled September 4, 1928. Serial No. 303,979.
- the acids are saponified with 48 B. caustic soda and incorporated in oleic acid, straw oil, water and alcohol.
- the proportions of the ingredients are suitably:
- T he sodium hydroxide included in the above table is employed to saponify the paraffin wax acids and at least a portion of the oleic 6 acid.
- the amounts of the various ingredients may be varied considerably.
- the amounts of the above substances may vary as follows: oleic acid 5 to 15%, paraffin wax acids 8 to 22%, sodium hydroxide 0.82 to 7 2.66%, straw oil 54 to 86%, water from a trace to 4% and alcoholfrom a trace to 2%.
- the potassium hydroxide included in the 7 bove table is employed to saponify the parfiin wax acids and at least a portion of the referentially oil soluble sulfonates.
- the proportions ofthe ingredients may be 'aried considerably.
- the mounts of the above substances may lie rithin the following ranges: sulfonates o paraflin wax acids 1 to 7%, potassium .ydroxide 0.2 to 1.4%, straw oil 48 to 83%, rater from a trace to 5% and alcohol from a race to 3%.
- An emulsifiable composition com rising straw oil between 54 and 86%, para wax acids between 8 and 22%, sodlumhydroxlde between 0.82 and 2.66%, and ole1c acid between 5 and 15%.
- an emulsifiable composiion may be prepared by employing only the oaps of the oxidized hydrocarbon waxes. "or example, in Example I the oleic acid may e omitted; in Example II the soaps of referentially oil soluble sulfonates may be 'mitted. Ordinarily, in such a composition, he amount'of paraflin wax acids should be ncreased. It is preferred to employ an mount of alkali (potassium or sodium hylroxide, as the case may be) which is insuficient to saponify all of the saponifiable contituents. The desired amount of water may Fe added separately or along with the metal lydroxide which may be in the form of a olution.
- An emulsifiable composition comprising lydrocarbon oil and soap of oxidized hydroarbon wax as an emulsifying agent therefor'.
- An emulsifiable composition com rismg a hydrocarbon lubricating oil and a kali netal soap of oxidized mulsifying agent.
- An emulsifiable composition comprising hydrocarbon lubricating 011, alkali metal paraflin wax as an cap of oxidized hydrocarbon wax as an I mulsifying agent therefor and an addition- 1 emulsifying agent.
- An emulsifiable. composition comprisinglubricating oil, alkali hzed hydrocarbon waxgent and oleic acid.
- An emulsifiable composition comprising,
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Description
Patented Aug. 19, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FREDERICK W. SULLIVAN, JR., OF HAMMOND, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR TO STANDARD OIL COMPANY, OF WHITING. INDIANA, A. CORPORATION OF INDIANA EMULSION No Drawing.
ting and grinding lubricants and for other purposes for which lubricating emulsions are employed. f
I have found that the soaps of the acids derived from the oxidation of hydro :arbon waxes and particularly oxidized paralfin Wax, petrolatum and the like, are highly suitable emulsifying agents for such compositions.
According to the invention, I produce compositions comprising a lubricating oil and soaps of oxidized hydrocarbon wax, with or without other ingredients. Such compositions are usually gels at ordinary temperature, but can be readily dispersed in practically all proportions in soft "water and within wide proportions in hard water, to give very stable emulsions.
Any suitable oil may be employed, but it is preferred to employ hydrocarbon lubrieating oils.
In addition to the soaps of oxidized wax, it is preferred to emnlov an additional emulsifying agent, for example, a quantity of another soap or the free acid thereof. Thus, I may add oleic, undecylenic, sulfonated or other acids or the soluble salts thereof or any other suitable emulsifving agent.
A small amount of alcohol may be incorporated in the emulsifiabl'e composition for the purpose of aiding initial dispersion. It is also preferred to incorporate in the composition a small amount of water, which aids in dispersion and assists in retaining the alcohol.
when alcohol is included in the composition. The invention will readily be understood from the following examples.
E wample I Paraffin wax of melting point about 123 F. is oxidized at about 320 to 350 F. by blow ing with air for six to seven hours. The mixture is saponified with lime, the lime soap separated and the corresponding acids pre- Application ifled September 4, 1928. Serial No. 303,979.
cipitated with sulfuric acid. The acids are saponified with 48 B. caustic soda and incorporated in oleic acid, straw oil, water and alcohol. The proportions of the ingredients are suitably:
51 Oleic acid 10.00 Parafiin wax acids 17. 00 Sodium hydroxide 1. Straw oil 69. 00 Water; 1.75 0 Alcohol .50
T he sodium hydroxide included in the above table is employed to saponify the paraffin wax acids and at least a portion of the oleic 6 acid.
The amounts of the various ingredients, may be varied considerably. For example,f the amounts of the above substances may vary as follows: oleic acid 5 to 15%, paraffin wax acids 8 to 22%, sodium hydroxide 0.82 to 7 2.66%, straw oil 54 to 86%, water from a trace to 4% and alcoholfrom a trace to 2%.
Example [I Paraffin wax is oxidized as described in 7 Example I, saponified with caustic potash, the potash soap separated and the paraflin wax acids precipitated with sulphuric acid.
Preferentially oil soluble sulfonates (45% soap) 22.00 Paraffin Wax acids 4.00 5 Potassium hydroxide 0.82 Straw oil 70.88 Water 1.30 Alcohol 1.00
The potassium hydroxide included in the 7 bove table is employed to saponify the parfiin wax acids and at least a portion of the referentially oil soluble sulfonates.
The proportions ofthe ingredients may be 'aried considerably. For example, the mounts of the above substances may lie rithin the following ranges: sulfonates o paraflin wax acids 1 to 7%, potassium .ydroxide 0.2 to 1.4%, straw oil 48 to 83%, rater from a trace to 5% and alcohol from a race to 3%.
While it is preferred to employ another uitable emulsifying agent, in addition to the oaps of oxidized hydrocarbon Waxes, paricularly when fatty acids are incorporated 7. An emulsifiable composition com rising straw oil between 54 and 86%, para wax acids between 8 and 22%, sodlumhydroxlde between 0.82 and 2.66%, and ole1c acid between 5 and 15%. a
8. An emulsifiable composltlon comprlsing straw oil 69%, paraffin wax aclds 17%, sodium hydroxide 1.75%, oleic acld 10%, water 1.75% and alcohol 0.5%.
FREDERICK W. SULLIVAN, JR.
[1 the composition, an emulsifiable composiion may be prepared by employing only the oaps of the oxidized hydrocarbon waxes. "or example, in Example I the oleic acid may e omitted; in Example II the soaps of referentially oil soluble sulfonates may be 'mitted. Ordinarily, in such a composition, he amount'of paraflin wax acids should be ncreased. It is preferred to employ an mount of alkali (potassium or sodium hylroxide, as the case may be) which is insuficient to saponify all of the saponifiable contituents. The desired amount of water may Fe added separately or along with the metal lydroxide which may be in the form of a olution.
Although the present invention has been lescribed with reference to the details of pecific examples thereof, it is not intended ha t such details shall be regarded as limiatlons upon the scope of the invention exept in so far as included in the accompany-- ng claims.
What I regard as new, and desire to secure y Letters Patent, is:
1. An emulsifiable composition comprising lydrocarbon oil and soap of oxidized hydroarbon wax as an emulsifying agent therefor'.
2. An emulsifiable composition com rismg a hydrocarbon lubricating oil and a kali netal soap of oxidized mulsifying agent.
3. An emulsifiable composition comprising hydrocarbon lubricating 011, alkali metal paraflin wax as an cap of oxidized hydrocarbon wax as an I mulsifying agent therefor and an addition- 1 emulsifying agent.
4. An emulsifiable. composition comprisinglubricating oil, alkali hzed hydrocarbon waxgent and oleic acid.
metal soap of oxias an emulsifying 5. An emulsifiable composition comprising,
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US303979A US1773123A (en) | 1928-09-04 | 1928-09-04 | Emulsion |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US303979A US1773123A (en) | 1928-09-04 | 1928-09-04 | Emulsion |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1773123A true US1773123A (en) | 1930-08-19 |
Family
ID=23174516
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US303979A Expired - Lifetime US1773123A (en) | 1928-09-04 | 1928-09-04 | Emulsion |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1773123A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2466647A (en) * | 1945-11-05 | 1949-04-05 | Shell Dev | Lubricating oil composition |
| DE833538C (en) * | 1948-10-02 | 1952-03-10 | Basf Ag | Process for the production of lubricating greases |
| US3227652A (en) * | 1963-11-18 | 1966-01-04 | Anderson Oil And Chemical Comp | Lubricating compositions |
| US4115313A (en) * | 1974-10-08 | 1978-09-19 | Irving Lyon | Bile acid emulsions |
-
1928
- 1928-09-04 US US303979A patent/US1773123A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2466647A (en) * | 1945-11-05 | 1949-04-05 | Shell Dev | Lubricating oil composition |
| DE833538C (en) * | 1948-10-02 | 1952-03-10 | Basf Ag | Process for the production of lubricating greases |
| US3227652A (en) * | 1963-11-18 | 1966-01-04 | Anderson Oil And Chemical Comp | Lubricating compositions |
| US4115313A (en) * | 1974-10-08 | 1978-09-19 | Irving Lyon | Bile acid emulsions |
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