US2392891A - Stable sulphurized oils and the method of preparing same - Google Patents

Stable sulphurized oils and the method of preparing same Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2392891A
US2392891A US504448A US50444843A US2392891A US 2392891 A US2392891 A US 2392891A US 504448 A US504448 A US 504448A US 50444843 A US50444843 A US 50444843A US 2392891 A US2392891 A US 2392891A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
oil
sulphurized
stable
sulphonate
oils
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US504448A
Inventor
Joseph S Wallace
Thomas E Sharp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Standard Oil Co
Original Assignee
Standard Oil Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US474044A priority Critical patent/US2396945A/en
Application filed by Standard Oil Co filed Critical Standard Oil Co
Priority to US504448A priority patent/US2392891A/en
Priority to US511840A priority patent/US2396345A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2392891A publication Critical patent/US2392891A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
    • E21C35/19—Means for fixing picks or holders
    • E21C35/193—Means for fixing picks or holders using bolts as main fixing elements
    • E21C35/1936—Means for fixing picks or holders using bolts as main fixing elements the picks having a square- or rectangular-section shank
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M135/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium
    • C10M135/02—Sulfurised compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
    • C10M159/12—Reaction products
    • C10M159/123—Reaction products obtained by phosphorus or phosphorus-containing compounds, e.g. P x S x with organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/404—Fatty vegetable or animal oils obtained from genetically modified species
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, and oxygen
    • C10M2211/042—Alcohols; Ethers; Aldehydes; Ketones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2211/06—Perfluorinated compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
    • C10M2219/022—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/10—Phosphatides, e.g. lecithin, cephalin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/22—Metal working with essential removal of material, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling

Description

Patented Jan. 15, 1946 STABLE SULPHURIZED onis AND THE arnon or PREPARING SAME I Joseph S. Wallace, Hammond, Ind., and Thomas E. Sharp, Chicago, 111., assignors to Standard 011 Company, Chicago, 111., a corporation of Indiana No Drawing. Application September 30, 1943, Serial No. 504,448
14 Claims.
The present invention relates to improvements in sulphurized oils and the method of preparing the same, and more particularly relates to improved sulphurized petroleum oils and the method of preparing the same.
It is well known in the art to employ as cutting oils sulphurized animal and/or mineral oil products. Usually these sulphurized oils are prepared by mixing elemental sulphur with the animal and/or mineral oil and heating the mixture at an elevated temperature above about 300F. for aperiod of time sufficient to obtain a product having the desired sulphur content. Such sulphurized oils are objectionable in that they are unstable and are susceptible to sedimentation, frequently amounting to 1% to 4%. This is an undesirable quality in sulphurized cutting oils, since they are often used in large plants where circulating systems and'tanks are employed in their distribution and the formation of sediment in such unstable oils often blocks the circulating lines and in other ways interferes with normal performance. Although substantially all of the initial sediment may be removed by mechanical means, such as by filtration, additional sediment forms upon aging of the sulphurized oil.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a stable non-emulsifiable sulphurized oil which is resistant tothe formation of sediment. Another object of the invention is to provide a sulphurized mineral oil which is substantially free of sediment. Another object of the invention is to provide an improved method of preparing stable sulphurized oils. Another object of the invention is to provide a method of inhibiting the formation of sediment in sulphurized oils.
We have discovered that the foregoing objects can be attained by our improved method of preparing sulphurized oils. In accordance with the present invention, the oil to be sulphurized, for example, a mineral oil of the desired viscosity, is mixed with about 2% to about 8%, and preferably with about 4% to about 6% of pulverized elemental sulphur, and the mixture heated at a temperature within the range of about 300 F. to about 360 F., and preferably within the range of about 335 F. to about 345 F. for a period of time sufficient to obtain a sulphurized oil having the desired sulphur content, usually from about 10 hours to about hours, preferably from about 12 hours to about 13 hours. At the end of the heating period the sulphurized oil is preferably cooled to a temperature of from about 175 F. to about 225 F., and preferably to a temperature within-the range of about 190 F. to about 210 F.,
and a small amount of a preferentially oil-soluble alkali metal sulphonate or an alkaline earth sulphonate such as a sodium sulphonate, potassium sulphonate, calcium sulphonate, etc., or an amine sulphonate, preferably an alkylolamine sulphonate such as triethanolamine sulphonate, is added to the sulphurized oil. Suitable sulphonates are the preferentially oil-soluble sulphonates, well known in the art as mahogany soaps obtained by the treatment of mineral oils with concentrated sulphuric acid, such as fuming sulphuric acid. The amount of preferentially oil-soluble sulphonate employed is within the range of about .001% to about 2%, and preferably within the range of about .005% to about 1%. While we prefer to add the mahogany soap to the sulphurized oil after it has been cooled, as above indicated, we can add the mahogany soap to the sulphurized oil before any substantial cooling.
If desired, the ,odor of the sulphurized oil may be improved by blowing the sulphurized oil after it has been cooled to about 200 F. with an oxygencontaining gas, such as air, for a period of about 30 minutes to about 90 minutes, and preferably for a period of about 45 to minutes. In case the sulphurized oil is air-blown, the oil-soluble sulphonate is suitably added during the blowing period. Still further odor' improvement may be obtained by adding a small amount, namely, about 0.1% of triethanolamine to the sulphurized oil when the temperature has dropped below about 150 F.
The amount of sediment which is present and which may possibly form on aging is reduced by at least 50% and in most cases by at least about whenthe sulphurized oils are prepared in the manner described. Inpractically all cases the total sediment amounts to less than 1%.
The following example is purely illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to be limitative thereof.
To gallons of a mineral oil having a Saybolt Universal viscosity at 100 F. of about 100 seconds were added 32 pounds of flowers of sulphur and the mixture heated in a still at a temperature of 340-350 F. for 12 hours. At the end of the sulphurization period the contents of the still were cooled to about 200 F. and blown with air for about 45 minutes, during which time about 2 pounds of sodium mahogany soap were added to the sulphurized oil. At the end of the blowing period after the temperature dropped to about F., about 0.1% triethanolamine was added to inhibit odor development.
The effectiveness of the herein described method of preparing stabilized sulphurized oils is demon-- strated by the data in the following table. The data show the amount of sediment found insulphurized oil prepared 'by the conventional methods and in accordance with the present invention with 2.0% sodium mahogany soap and with 0.25% sodium mahogany soap, immediately after sulphurization and after 30 to 35 days storage. Oil A was a 110 second viscosity (S. U. at 100 F.) oil, oil B was a 150 second viscosity (S. U. at 100 F.) 011, and oil C was a. 200 second viscosity (S. at 100 F.) oil.
Oil A, sedimentation 1 Oil B, sedi- Oil 0, sedimentation 1 mentation Method of sulphurization 34 so 35 Fresh days Fresh days Fresh days Conventional With 2% soda mahogany soap With 0.25% soda mahogany soap 1 Volume per cent.
ent invention is inadequate to form a stable permanent emulsion. The term non-emulsifiable sulphurized oil as used herein and in the appended claims means a sulphurized oil which is not readily or permanently emulsified with water.
' While specific ranges and proper have been given for the purpose of illustratiqn the'invention is not limited thereto, but is emanate of the following claims.
We claim: 5
1. The method of preparing a stable nonemulsifiable sulphurized mineral oil comprising sulphurizing the oil with elemental sulphur at a temperature from about 300 F. to about 360 F. and adding to the sulphurized oil an oil-soluble sulphonate selected from the class, consisting of alkali metal sulphonates, alkaline earth sulphonates and amine sulphonates in a small but suificient amount to inhibit the formation of sediment in the sulphurized oil.
2. The method of preparing a stable nonemulsifiable sulphurized mineral oil comprising sulphurizing the oil with elemental sulphur at a 5. The method described in claim 2 in which the oil-soluble sulphonate is an oil-soluble calcium sulphonate.
6. The method of preparing a stable nonemulsifiable sulphurized mineral oil comprising sulphurizing the oil with elemental sulphur at a temperature from about 300 F. to about 360 F., blowing the sulphurized oil with an oxygen containing gas and adding a small amount of an oil-soluble alkali metal sulphonate to the sulphurized oil.
7. The method of preparing a stable nonemulsiflable sulphurized mineral oil comprising sulphurizing the mineral oil with elemental sulphur at a temperature above about 300 F., blowing the sulphurized oil with an oxygen containing gas and adding-a small amount oi an oilsoluble sodium sulphonate to the sulphurized oil during the gas blowing period.
8. The method of preparing a stable non= emulsifiable sulphurized mineral oil comprising sulphurizing a mineral oil with elemental sulphur at a temperature within the range of about 330 F. to about 360 F. with elemental sulphur, cooling the sulphurized mineral oil to a temperature of from about 175 F. to about 225 F. and adding from about 0.001% to 2% of an oil-soluble'alkali metal sulphonate.
9. The method oi preparing a stable non-emulsifiable sulphurized mineral oil inhibited against sedimentation comprising sulphurizing a mineral oil with elemental sulphur at a temperature within the range of from about 300 F. to about 360 F. with sulphur, cooling the sulphurised oil tea-temperature of from about 175 F. to about 225 F., blowing the cooled sulphurized oil with an oxygen containing gas, and adding from about 0.001% to about 2% of preferentially oil-soluble alkali metal mahogany snap to the sulphurized oil during the gas blowing period.
10. A stable, non-emulsiflable sulphurized mineral oil comprising a sulphurized mineral oil prepared by reacting an oil with elemental sulphur at a temperature from about 300 F. to about-360 F., and an oil soluble sulphonate selected from the class consisting of alkali metal sulphonates, alkaline earth sulphonates and amine sulphonates, said sulphonate being employed in a small but suflicient amount to inhibit the formation of sediment in said sulphurized oil.
11. A stable, non-emulsifiable sulphurized mineral oil composition comprising a sulphurized mineral oil obtained by reacting a mineral oil with elemental sulphur at a temperature within the range of from about 330 F. to about 360 F. and from about 0.001% to about 2% of an oil soluble sulphonate selected from the class consisting of alkali metal suiphonates, alkaline earth sulphonates and amine sulphonates.
12. A stable, non-emulsifiable sulphurized mineral oil composition as described in claim 11 in which the oil soluble sulphonate is an oil soluble sodium sulphonate.
13. A stable, non-emulsifiable sulphurized mineral oil composition as described in claim 11 in which the oilsoluble sulphonate is an oil soluble potassium sulphonate,
14. A stable, non-emulsiiiable sulphurized mineral oil composition as described in claim 11 in
US504448A 1943-01-27 1943-09-30 Stable sulphurized oils and the method of preparing same Expired - Lifetime US2392891A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US474044A US2396945A (en) 1943-01-27 1943-01-27 Coal cutting bit and holder therefor
US504448A US2392891A (en) 1943-09-30 1943-09-30 Stable sulphurized oils and the method of preparing same
US511840A US2396345A (en) 1943-09-30 1943-11-26 Stable sulphurized oils and the method of preparing the same

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US504448A US2392891A (en) 1943-09-30 1943-09-30 Stable sulphurized oils and the method of preparing same

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2392891A true US2392891A (en) 1946-01-15

Family

ID=24006303

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US504448A Expired - Lifetime US2392891A (en) 1943-01-27 1943-09-30 Stable sulphurized oils and the method of preparing same

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US2392891A (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2511250A (en) * 1947-11-14 1950-06-13 Gulf Research Development Co Stabilized extreme pressure lubricants
US2626240A (en) * 1949-06-25 1953-01-20 Texas Co Noncorrosive soluble oil containing active sulfur
US2655478A (en) * 1949-06-25 1953-10-13 Texas Co Noncorrosive soluble oil containing active sulfur
US2814594A (en) * 1955-04-20 1957-11-26 Exxon Research Engineering Co Method for producing an improved cutting oil
US2941945A (en) * 1956-06-28 1960-06-21 Standard Oil Co Extreme pressure lubricants
US3013966A (en) * 1960-03-29 1961-12-19 Shell Oil Co Textile lubricants
US4873006A (en) * 1988-09-01 1989-10-10 The Lubrizol Corporation Compositions containing active sulfur

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2511250A (en) * 1947-11-14 1950-06-13 Gulf Research Development Co Stabilized extreme pressure lubricants
US2626240A (en) * 1949-06-25 1953-01-20 Texas Co Noncorrosive soluble oil containing active sulfur
US2655478A (en) * 1949-06-25 1953-10-13 Texas Co Noncorrosive soluble oil containing active sulfur
US2814594A (en) * 1955-04-20 1957-11-26 Exxon Research Engineering Co Method for producing an improved cutting oil
US2941945A (en) * 1956-06-28 1960-06-21 Standard Oil Co Extreme pressure lubricants
US3013966A (en) * 1960-03-29 1961-12-19 Shell Oil Co Textile lubricants
US4873006A (en) * 1988-09-01 1989-10-10 The Lubrizol Corporation Compositions containing active sulfur
US5334318A (en) * 1988-09-01 1994-08-02 The Lubrizol Corporation Compositions containing active sulfur

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2695910A (en) Methods of preparation of superbased salts
US4129589A (en) Over-based magnesium salts of sulphonic acids
US3829381A (en) Boron-and calcium-containing compositions and process
US2279560A (en) Viscous hydrocarbon oil
US2392891A (en) Stable sulphurized oils and the method of preparing same
US2653909A (en) Soluble oils comprising neutralized oxidized petroleum oils
US2761845A (en) Foam inhibition of oils
US2250545A (en) Lubricating composition
US2281401A (en) Lubricating oil composition
US2124598A (en) Lubricating oil and method of manufacturing the same
US2062652A (en) Cutting oil
GB1575957A (en) Process for the preparation of neutral to slightly overbased calcium synthetic sulphonate compositions
US2167439A (en) Sulphur cutting o
US2396345A (en) Stable sulphurized oils and the method of preparing the same
US2955084A (en) Process of treating hydrocarbons
US2039377A (en) Hard water soluble oil
US2480832A (en) 3-thienyl thioethers in lubricating compositions
US2703318A (en) Stabilized sulfur-containing additives for lubricants
US2257890A (en) Lubricating composition
US2043961A (en) Lubricants
US2366191A (en) Diesel engine lubricating oil
US2848416A (en) Extreme pressure soluble oil
US1982662A (en) Lime soap grease
US1817599A (en) Emulsifiable lubricant
US2378803A (en) Lubricants