US1766752A - Hydroturbine pump - Google Patents

Description

June 24, 1930.

I. c. JENNINGS HYDROTURBINE PUMP Filed June 11, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet l gmmkw June 24, 1930. 1 I c. JENNINGS 2 HYDROTURBINE PUMP Filed Jun'e 11, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 GUT $2 1, v WW Patented June 24, 1930 PATENT o IRVING C. JENNINGS, OF SOUTH NORWALK, CONNECTICUT HYDROTURBINE PUMP Application filed June 11,

The object of this invention is to improve the construction of the well-known Nash hydro-turbine pump, shown and described in Letters Patents granted to Lewis H.

Nash, No. 953,222, March 29, 1910, and No.

1,091,529, granted March 31, 1914.

This Nash pump comprises an eccentric casing in which is arranged a circular rotor having a series of displacement chambers.

A liquid is placed inthe pump casing and the rotor is driven at high speed. The .liquid in 'the casing ,will travel around with the rotor and by centrifugal action will follow the outline of the casing. By this arrangement, the liquid will be forced. into and out of the displacement chainbers as the rotor turns. Suitable ports are provided so that the piston action of the liquid thus obtained can be utilized either to exhaust or compress a fluid.

In the patent to Nash, No. 953,222, the rotor is provided with holes or ports extending from the bottom of the displacement chambers to'cooperate with holes or ports formed in a hub or hubs on the pump casing on which the rotor turns. This arrangement is advantageous in that nearly all the displacement chamber capacity can be used for pumping, but it is disadvantageous in that it is difiicult to maintain a tight fit between the rotor and the hub or hubs even if the same are made large in diameter.

' In the patent to Nash, No. 1,091,529, the rotor is provided with a large hollow hub from which the displacement chambers extend, and one set of inlet ports and two sets of outlet ports are arranged laterally with respect to the displacement chambers.

This arrangement is an improvement in that the ports can be kept tight, but is a disadvantage because a large hub has to be used which cuts down the capacity of the pump and the port arrangement does not exactly balance the rotor.

In patent granted to me March 18, 1919, No. 1,297,692, I have improved the structure by arranging the ports entirely at one side of the rotor and by providing means by which the rotor can be adjusted bodily 50 towards the ported end of the casing to take 1928. Serial No. 284,325.

up wear. This structure, however, has the disadvantage that the ports are on one side of the rotor, and the full capacity of the rotor is not utilized by reason ofthe hollow hub construction;

In all of these prior StJ'HC-tUIOS, it will be noticed that the hub takes 11 p more than onehalf the diameter of the rotor, which cuts down the capacity of the pump.

The object of this improvement is to provide a pump of the class specified, in which all the advantages heretofore enumerated are retained and the disadvantages obviated.

To this end, the improvement consists in uslng a small solid hub from which the vanes which form the displacement chambers extend, and which wings or vanes are made long as compared with the radius of the hub, the hub occupying less than half the diameter of the rotor. This construction enables me to increase the capacity of the pump for a given diameter of the rotor and at the same time enables me to obtain a tight, balanced port construction.

Owing to the greater depth of the liquid in the displacement chambers, an increased efiiciency is obtained because there is less chance for the air to pass from chamber to chamber around the periphery of the blades. It will also be noted that this relatively great depth of water in the displacement chambers allows the pump to work with less turbulence so that a smoother surface of liquid will be presented to the air as a piston in each displacement chamber and less air will be carried around from the outlet to the inlet in the form of foam or bubbles in the water. In other words, by having more liquid in the wheel in deeper c mbers, more liquid can be allowed to go out into the case without unsealing the ends of the blades which makes a better seal at the same capacity. This improvement enables me to work the pump to obtain higher pressures than was possible with the preceding structures.

The improvement is illustratcd in the accompanying two sheets of drawings, in which Figure 1 is a cross-sectional elevation taken on the line 1 1 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional elevation taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional elevation taken on line 33 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional elevation taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings and in detail, A designates the pump casing. The inside of the casing is eccentric in shape or outline. The pump casing is closed or sealed by a head or auxiliary casing B. G designates the circular rotor. This rotor is arranged in the eccentric casing as shown and described in my Patent N 0. 1,297,692, so that two pumping actions will be obtained for each revolution of the rotor.

The rotor comprises a small solid hub 10, which is keyed to the driving shaft D. Shrouds or plates 1111, extend from the hub and curved vanes 12 are arranged between the shrouds so that the rotor will be provided with a series of radially extending displacement chambers. Holes or ports 13 are cut or formed through both shrouds 11-11 in circular lines close to the central hub to provide for the entrance and exit of the fluid to be pumped into and out of the displacement chambers.

It will be noticed that the depth of each displacement chamber is much greater than the radius of the hub. The proportion illustrated in the drawing is intended to 100 represent a construction in which the ratio is about 3 to 1. Or, putting it in another way, the hub takes up 27 per cent. of the wheel diameter, leaving 73 per cent. employed for the buckets or displacement 105 chambers.

E designates the entrance or inlet passage into the casing. That part of the casing at the left of the rotor in Fig. 1 is divided by a partition P, (Fig. 3) so that a hollow comllopartment F will be formed into which the passage E leads.

The auxiliary casing or head B is divided by a partition P so as to have a compartment F, and the two compartments F and 115 F are connected by a cross-passage F Two inlet ports G-G are formed in the side wall of the compartment F and matching inlet ports (PH-G are formed in the side wall of the head B.

120 H designates the outlet or exit from the casing. This outlet extends from the compartment I, also formed in the casing A, by the partition P. A matching compartment I is formed in the head B by the par- 195 tition P and the compartments I and I are connected by a cross-passage I Outlet ports JJ are formed in the side wall of the compartment I and matching outlet ports J'J' are formed in the side 130 wall of the compartment I.

It will thus be seen that there are two pair of matching inlet ports and two pair of matching outlet ports arranged at the sides of the rotor. This Will balance the rotor both against the pull due to the suction created thereby and to the thrust created thereby. The rotor can be arranged to have only a single pumping action for each revolution, as shown, for example, in Patent No. 1,091,529, and with this arrangement only one pair of matching inlet and onedpair of matching outlet ports would be use From the previous description, it will be noticed that my improvement allows me to employ a great proportion of the rotor space for the pumping action and also enables me to use the balanced port construction.

Italso will be noted that by reason of the greater depth of Water in the displacement chambers, greater efiiciency is obtained as previously explained.

By the arrangements described, the pumping volume is increased and a very nicely balanced action is obtained 011 the rotor.

The details and arrangements herein shown and described may be greatly varied by a skilled mechanic without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I desire to claim by United States Letters Patent is 1. In a hydro-turbine pump, the combination of an eccentric casing, a circular rotor fitted therein, said rotor comprising a hub and vanes or Wings extending therefrom to form displacement chambers, the depth of each displacement chamber being greater than the radius of the hub, and ports on each side of the rotor located adjacent the rotor hub.

j 2. In a hydro-turbine pump, the combination of an eccentric casing, a circular rotor fitted therein, said rotor comprising a small hub and wings or vanes extending therefrom to form displacement chambers, the hub occupying less than half the diameter of the rotor, and ports on each side of the rotor located adjacent the rotor hub.

3. In a hydro-turbine pump, the combination of an eccentric casing, a circular rotor fitted therein, comprising a solid hub, vanes let port on each side of the rotor, and inlet and outlet passages connected with said ports.

5. In a hydro-turbine pump, the combination of an eccentric casing, a circular rotor fitted therein, comprising a solid hub, shrouds extending from said hub and vanes extending from said hub between said shrouds to form displacement chambers, the hub diameter being less than one-half of the rotor diameter, holes extending through said shrouds at the inner ends of said chambers, and inlet and outlet ports arranged sidewise of the rotor.

6. In a hydro-turbine pump, the combinati'on of an eccentric casing, a circular rotor fitted therein, comprising a solid hub, shrouds extending from said hub, vanes extending from said hub between said shrouds to form displacement chambers, the hub diameter being less than one-half of the rotor diameter, holes extending through said shrouds at the inner ends of said chambers and two pair of inlet ports and two pair of outlet ports arranged sidewise of the rotors.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature.

IRVING G. JENNINGS.

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