US1753745A - Valve-operating mechanism - Google Patents

Description

April 8, 1930. c. s. GoBY 1,753,745

VALVE OPERATING MECHANISM l orig'ihal Filed April 1e', 1927 2 sheets-sheet 1 April 8, 1930. c. s. GoBY VALVE OPERATING MECHANISM original Filed Apr'il 18, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Apr, 8, 1930 UNITED s'rA'rEs PATENT oli-*151GB Y CLIFFORD S. GOBY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIG-NOR OF ONE-HALF .150A lALICIE MYIRZIE v DAVIS, OFNEW LONDON, OHIO Y 'VALVE-OPERATING MECHANISM Application inea April 1s, 1927, serial No. 184,541. Renewed August so, i929.

' This invention relates to improvements in valve operating mechanisms and has reference particularly to operating `mechanisms for rotating and reciprocating valves of cylin- 5 drical form, whether of the sleeve or piston t pe. yOne of the objects of the invention is the provision of means forV imparting to the valves of the character speciiied a continuous rotary motion and a reciprocatory motion imposed thereupon.

Rotating sle'eve valves for internal com'- bustion engines have certain advantages over those to which is imparted a simple reciproeating motion, for instance, it is possible to employ a single sleeve portfor registration at the proper times with both the intake and exhaust ports of the cylinder, and thus-thesleeve around the port is cooled by the intake between successive exhaust periods. Also the wear between the piston and the sleeve is more evenly distributed where-the sleeve is;

constantly turning. vI-Iowever, a simple rotating movement does not lend itself well to good lubrication, and on this account I have devised the present invention in which is embodied all of the advantages of simplerotation and in which lubrication is more successful than in engines having either simple rotating sleeves or simple reciprocating sleeves. Furthermore, the operation of the valve is practically shoclrless, both the rotary movement and the reciprocatory -movement` approaching closely simple harmonic motion.

Other objects, and objects relating to details of construction and economies of manufacture, will appear as I proceed with the description of that embodiment of the invention, which, for the purposes of the present application, I have illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical transverse sectional view through one cylinder of an internal combustion engine embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view of another engine showing a modication of the invention. Y

Referring first to Fig. 1, I have illustrated therein a rotary sleeve internal V combustion engine having a cylinder 10 and a cylinderhead VV"ll'provided with a threadedopening 12 for the reception of aspark plug. The cylinder exhaust port is shown at yl'and the intake manifold at 14,`the intake port being located' somewhat to one sidevof the plane ofthe figure.

j The valve sleeve is'shown at 15 being provided in the case illustrated with two ports 16 and 17, the exact number and arrangement of the same being immaterial, however, so

far as the Vpresent invention is concerned. The

sleeve, maybe and preferably is provided Y on the outside with a- ,spirall oil groove 18 runningpfrom a'position `near the bottom to a point well below the ports. i

To the bottom ofthe cylinder ,block Ibolt a casting19 which is bored toy constitute a con-` tinuation of the cylinder-,1 In this casting I machine Aabearing for afringV gear 20, which bearing'has itsaxis in kthe.V line A-A at a slight `angle tothe axis' of the cylinder and sleeve indicated by the linel B-B,the"inter section of these two axes being in the plane of the ring gear20, which is indicated by the line C-C. The angle between the lines A-A and B-B may belvaried within reasonable limits, therebyrdetermining the extent of the vertical movement of the,sleeve.

In assembling theparts, the' gear 20 is slid onto` itsbearing andthen a thrust collar 21 is threaded ontothe casting 19 until a proper runningclearance is obtained. o

Theteeth of the ringgear 2O mesh with the teeth of a gear 22 keyed toa shaft 23 arranged at right angles to the line C-G, the teeth being either spiral or of the worm form shown in the drawing; The shaft 23, which takes the place of the usual cam-shaft or eocentric shaft of a multi-cylinder gas engine, is, driven from `the crank-shaft 211 by any convenient means, asby a chain, diagrammatically indicated at 25, running over sprockets Y on the two shafts. o In the design illustrated, the shaft 23 revolves atothe same speed as the shaft 24,' but other speed ratios may be employed without departing from the spirit of the invention.l

Depending from the ring gear 20 is a projection26 with an enlarged extremityl in which is formed a spherical cavity to recelve asY a ball 27 pierced diametrically to receive with a sliding it a pin 28 which is fixed in the lower end of the sleeve 15. Y

In the drawing, 011e of the cranks of the crank-shaft 24 is shown at 29, with a connecting rod 30 mounted thereon.

In operation, the ring gear 20 revolves freely on casting 19, andin doing so carries the projection -26 around the axis A-f-A. Hence its distance from the axis B-B varies constantly, and there is a consequent slight motion constantly of the pin28 in the kball 27. There is also a constant variation in the angle between the pin. 28 and the projection 26, to which the ball and socket joint accommodates itself.

Obviously, the vsleeveV 15 has, imparted thereto throu h its pin 28 a motion of rotation at a near y constant speed, the variation from constant speed being dependent upon the sizeof the angle between the lines A-A and B-B, and atV the same time there is im parted to the sleeve a motion of reciprocation in a vertical direction. The variation in the rate of rotational movement of the sleeve is not enough to affect unfavorably the timing of the engine, and in some cases might even be taken advantage of to favorably affect the quick opening and closing of the ports. The vertical motion of the sleeve will also deviate somewhat from simple harmonic motion, but this fact is also of no importance inasmuch as the vertical motion is not depended upon for the opening and closing of the ports but is provided for the sake of better lubrication.

Thegearing 20, 22 will ordinarily be designed for impartin rotational movement to the sleeve at oneourth the speed of the crank-shaft, and a consequent reciprocating motion at the same speed.' At kthis speed such secondary inertia 'forces as may be set up due to the slight variations from simple harmonic motion of the sleeve are too small to be ofany consequence. l

In Fig. 2 I have illustrated the application of my invention to the drive for a rotary valve, a plurality of cylinders in line being illustrated at 31, having ports 32 leading to the valve bore 9 in which is mounted a rotary valve 33 having therein any suitable ports or passages for the intake or exhaust gases or both, one such port being illustrated at 34. The valve 33 projects through one end ofthe engine block 35 where it runs in a bore provided in an extension piece 36 which is secured to the casing 35 by bolts 37 or the like. A sprocket wheel 38 having its axis coincident with the axis of the valve 33 is mounted for free rotary movement on the extension 36 running between a shoulder 39 on the extension and a collar 40 threaded'thereon.

The extension 36 is also machined to receive for rotational movement a ring 41, the principal plane of which, indicated by line D-D, is set at an angle to the plane ofY the kis imparted to the valve sprocket wheel 38, the axis E-E of the ring being at a slight angle to the axis of the valve. rlfhe ring 41 may be held from displacement by a threaded collar 41. On one side the ring 41 has ears 42 which carry al pintle 43. On this pintle is'mounted for pivotal movement a pin 44 'and an arm`45. The pin 44 slides in a hole 46 in the sprocket 38 with a somewhat sloppy t necessitated by the fact that the angle of the pin 44iwith the plane of the sprocket 38is constantly changed. Arm. 45 is universally connected at 47 with a projection 48 on the exposed end of the valve 33.5

The sprocket 38 may be driven by a chain indicated diagrammatically at 49 reither directly or indirectly from the engine crankshaft. As the sprocket turns, the pin-44 of course revolves, carrying with it the pintle 43 on the ring 41. The arm 45' is thus ro` tatedy and transmits rotary .motion to the valve 33`through the projection 48 thereon. Owing to the inclination of the ring 4'1,l there 33a motion of reciprocation also. Y v

Having thus described my invention, rI claim:

1; In a device of the class described, a cylindrical valve, means for imparting continuous rotary and reciprocatory motion thereto, comprising a ringl surrounding the valve with its axis set at an angle to the axis of the valve, a bearingfor said ringsupported upon a fixed portionv of the device, an arm connecting said ring with said valve, and means for rotating said ring.

2. In a device of the class described, a r0- tary and reciprocating valvefmeans ferimparting continuous rotary and reciprocatory motion thereto, comprising a gear mounted with its axis intersectingy the axis ofv the valve in the plane of the gear but inclined Vatan angle tothe axis of the'valve, an arm attached to the gear near the periphery thereof and to the'valve, and means for rotating thegearp@ 1 Y im Y .Y

3. VIn a device of the class described, a cylindrical reciprocating valve, means forimparting continuous rotary and reciprocatory motion thereto, comprising a ring gear surrounding thevalve with its axis set: at an angle to the axis of the-valve, a bearing' for said gear supported by a fixed portion of the device, an arm connecting said gear with said valve, and meansfor rotating said gear.

4. In a device of theclass described, a cylindrical valve, means for imparting continuous rotary and.` reciprocatory motion thereto, comprising a ring surrounding the valve with its axis set at an angle yto the axis' of the valve, a `bearing for said gear supported by a fixed portionof the device, an arm lconnection between said ringand .valve embodying a universal. joint, and means for rotating 'said ring.

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5. In a device of the class described, a ro-V tary and reciprocating valve, means for imparting continuous rotary and reciprocatory motion thereto, comprising a gear mounted with its axis intersecting the axis of the valve in the plane of the gear but inclined at an angle to the axis of the valve, connections between said valve and gear comprisingV an arm attached to said valve, and an arm attached to the gear near the periphery thereof, said connections embodying a universal joint, and means for rotatingk the gear.

6. In a device of the class described, a cylindrical reciprocating valve, means for imparting continuous rotary and reciprocatory motion thereto, comprising a ring gear surrounding the valve with its axis set at an angle to the axis of the valve, a bearing for said gear supported by a xed portion of the device, a projection on said gear extending parallel with the axis of the gear, a projection extending laterallyfrom said valve, and a universal connection between said two projections. Y

7. In a device of the class described, a cylindrical valve, means for imparting a continuous rotary and reciprocatory motion thereto, comprising a rotary element mounted with its axis o rotation intersecting the axis of the valve in the plane of the rotary element but inclined at an angle to the axis of the valve, an arm attached to the rotary element near the periphery thereof and to the valve, and means for rotating said rotary 35 element.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto ax my signature.

' CLIFFORD S. GOBY.

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